Unidirectional streaming services in wireless systems

• US 6,373,842 B1
• Filed: 11/19/1998
• Issued: 04/16/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 11/19/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nortel Networks Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Inventors: Coverdale, Paul, Strawczynski, Leo
• Primary Examiner(s): Marcelo, Melvin
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Phuongchau Ba
• Application Number:
  US09/195,400
• Time in Patent Office: 1,244 Days
• Field of Search: 370/428, 370/429, 370/394, 370/231, 714/748, 714/749, 714/751, 714/18, 714/48, 379/93.24, 709/231
• US Class Current: 370/394
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/1812 Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/1838 for semi-reliable protocols, e.g. for less sensitive applications such as streaming video buffer level management for video bitstream receiver H04N21/44004
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/1848 Time-out mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/14 using intermediate storage
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 80/00 Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation

Abstract

A high layer protocol organizes Unidirectional Streaming Services (USS) data into frames and said data is transmitted to the wireless user'"'"'s terminal. The USS data is not delivered until a criteria is satisfied, e.g., the receive buffer is filled to an appropriate value. After the USS data is received, the receiver verifies the received frames. If an error is detected a message is sent from the wireless terminal to the server (providing the unidirectional streaming service) requesting retransmission of the corrupted frame. This is a form of ARQ protocol. If the retransmitted frame arrives prior to the time that frame needs to be delivered, the corrupted frame is replaced by the retransmitted frame. Otherwise, if the retransmitted frame is not received prior to the time that frame needs to be delivered, the corrupted frame is reconstructed. Any retransmitted frame which arrives too late is discarded. An additional benefit of the present invention is that since the frames are buffered prior to delivery, interpolation, as opposed to extrapolation, can be used to improve the reconstruction quality of the corrupted frame. This optional feature of the invention uses both the preceding and succeeding frames, which are available in the buffer, to provide a better estimate of the corrupted frame.

Claims

1. A method of delivering unidirectional streaming services (USS) data transmitted via a wireless network, said method comprising the steps of:

a) storing received USS frames in a receive buffer;

b) testing received USS frames for errors;

c) replacing, USS frames received with detected errors prior to delivery; and

d) delivering said USS frames from said buffer at a constant rate responsive to a delay criteria being satisfied;

wherein said replacing step comprises;

i) requesting retransmission of said USS frames received with detected errors;

ii) replacing the USS frames received with detected errors with retransmitted frames provided the retransmitted frames are received without errors in time to be delivered at said constant rate; and

iii) if said retransmitted frames are not received without errors in time to be delivered at said constant rate, reconstructing the USS frames received with detected errors and discarding any subsequently received retransmission of said frames.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the delay criteria is such that the time between storing a frame into said buffer and delivering said frame is longer than the minimum period of time required to receive a requested retransmitted frame.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2 wherein frames are received at a transmission rate, wherein the average of said transmission rate is faster than the constant rate.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3 wherein frames are received at a variable rate.

5. The method as claimed in claim 2 wherein frames are initially received at a rate faster than said constant rate to quickly place frames in said buffer in order to quickly satisfy said delay criteria.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5 wherein said replacing step further comprises estimating whether there is sufficient time to receive a retransmitted frame, and only requesting retransmission if sufficient time is estimated and wherein said reconstructing step uses information from both previous and subsequent frames to reconstruct the frame.

11. The method as claimed in claim 4 further comprising the steps of:

monitoring the state of said buffer; and

responsive to said buffer satisfying specified criteria, sending a message requesting the transmission rate be varied.

12. A method of transmitting USS data to a receiver adapted to carry out the method as claimed in claim 2 comprising the steps of:

storing USS data frames to be transmitted in a transmit buffer;

transmitting frames stored in said buffer at a transmission rate;

monitoring said wireless network for retransmission requests from said receiver; and

responsive to receiving a retransmission request, retransmitting the requested USS data.

13. A method of transmitting USS data to a receiver adapted to carry out the method as claimed in claim 3 comprising the steps of:

storing USS data frames to be transmitted in a transmit buffer;

transmitting frames stored in said transmit buffer at a variable rate;

monitoring said wireless network for retransmission requests from said receiver; and

responsive to receiving a retransmission request, retransmitting the requested USS data.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13 further comprising the step of monitoring the overall traffic load and wherein the steps of transmitting USS data further include transmitting USS data at a rate either faster or slower than the constant rate, depending on the overall traffic load.

15. The method as claimed in claim 13 further comprising the steps of applying silence deletion to speech data stored in said transmit buffer prior to transmission.

19. The method as claimed in claim 12 further comprising initially transmitting data at a faster rate than said constant rate.

23. The method as claimed in claim 12 further comprising the steps of:

monitoring the state of the transmit buffer; and

increasing the transmission rate to prevent transmit buffer overflow.

24. The method as claimed in claim 13 wherein control signals are transmitted and received on an associated control channel and further comprising the step of adjusting the output of frames in said buffer responsive to said control signals.

26. The method as claimed in claim 13 wherein retransmission requests and packets are transmitted on a secondary channel.

28. A receiver comprising:

radio circuitry for receiving wireless signals;

a receive buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim 1.

29. A receiver comprising:

radio circuitry for receiving wireless signals;

a receive buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim 5.

31. A terminal comprising:

a transceiver for receiving and transmitting signals to a wireless network;

a receive buffer;

a transmit buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim 13.

32. A terminal comprising:

a transceiver for receiving and transmitting signals to a wireless network;

a receive buffer;

a transmit buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim 23.

33. A wireless network basestation comprising:

a transceiver for receiving and transmitting signals to a terminal;

a receive buffer;

a transmit buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim of claim 12.

34. A wireless network basestation comprising:

a transceiver for receiving and transmitting signals to a terminal;

a receive buffer;

a transmit buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim of claim 13.

36. A wireless network comprising a base station and an interworking function server in communication with said base station, said interworking function server adapted to carry out the method of claim 12.

38. A wireless network comprising a base station and an interworking function server in communication with said base station, said interworking function server adapted to carry out the method of claim 15.

40. A wireless network comprising a base station and an interworking function in communication with said base station, said interworking function adapted to carry out the method of claim 23.

41. A wireless network as claimed in claim 40 further comprising a traffic monitor for monitoring system capacity and for controlling said interworking function so as to transmit frames stored in said buffer at a transmission timing either faster or slower than the delivery timing, depending on the short-term overall traffic load.

42. A voicemail system for use in the wireless network as claimed in claim 40, wherein said voicemail system includes said interworking function.

43. A method as claimed in claim 13 wherein said reconstructing step uses information from both previous and subsequent frames to reconstruct the frame.

7. A method of delivering unidirectional streaming services (USS) data comprising the steps of:

a) determining whether said USS data requires a symmetrical, bidirectional communication link with a recipient user; and

b) responsive to said determining step determining said USS data does not require such symmetrical, bidirectional communication link with a recipient user, introducing a buffer delay between receiving a number of frames and delivering said number of frames by;

i) receiving in a buffer USS data transmitted with a variable transmission rate; and

ii) delivering said USS data with a constant delivery rate.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7 further comprising:

testing received USS frames for errors;

requesting retransmission of said USS frames received with detected errors; and

replacing the USS frames received with detected errors with retransmitted frames provided the retransmitted frames are received in time to be delivered at said constant delivery rate.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8 wherein the buffer delay is such that the time between initially receiving a frame into said buffer and delivering said frame is longer than the minimum period of time required to receive a requested retransmitted frame.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said requesting step further comprises estimating whether there is sufficient time to receive a retransmitted frame, and not requesting retransmission if sufficient time is not estimated to be available;

and wherein if said retransmitted frames are not received without errors in time for delivery, using information from both previous and subsequent frames to reconstruct USS frames received with detected errors.

16. A method of transmitting USS data to a receiver adapted to carry out the method as claimed in claim 7 comprising the steps of:

storing USS data frames to be transmitted in a transmit buffer;

monitoring the overall traffic load; and

transmitting frames stored in said transmit buffer at a transmission rate either faster or slower than the delivery rate, depending on the overall traffic load.

17. A method of transmitting USS data to a receiver adapted to carry out the method as claimed in claim 8 comprising the steps of:

storing USS data frames to be transmitted in a transmit buffer;

monitoring the overall traffic load; and

transmitting frames stored in said transmit buffer at a transmission rate either faster or slower than the delivery rate, depending on the overall traffic load.

18. The method as claimed in claim 17 further comprising the steps of applying silence deletion to speech data stored in said buffer prior to transmission.

20. A method of transmitting USS data to a receiver adapted to carry out the method as claimed in claim 8 comprising initially transmitting data at a faster rate than said constant rate.

21. The method as claimed in claim 20 further comprising the steps of:

storing USS data frames to be transmitted in a transmit buffer;

monitoring the overall traffic load; and

controlling said transmission rate depending on the overall traffic load.

22. The method as claimed in claim 21 wherein said controlling step comprises increasing the transmission rate if the overall traffic load allows extra bandwidth and decreasing the transmission rate if the overall traffic load is short of bandwidth.

25. The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein control signals are transmitted and received on an associated control channel and further comprising the step of adjusting the output of frames in said buffer responsive to said control signals.

27. The method as claimed in claim 17 wherein retransmission requests and packets are transmitted on a secondary channel.

30. A receiver comprising:

receive circuitry for receiving transmitted signals;

a receive buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim 8.

35. A wireless network basestation comprising:

a transceiver for receiving and transmitting signals to a terminal;

a receive buffer;

a transmit buffer; and

a controller for carrying out the method of claim of claim 27.

37. A wireless network comprising a base station and an interworking function server in communication with said base station, said interworking function server adapted to carry out the method of claim 21.

39. A wireless network comprising a base station and an interworking function server in communication with said base station, said interworking function server adapted to carry out the method of claim 25.

44. A method of delivering unidirectional steaming services (USS) data transmitted via a wireless network, said method comprising the steps of:

a) initially adding a delay prior to delivering USS data by storing received USS frames in a receive buffer;

b) testing received USS frames for errors;

c) replacing, USS frames received with detected errors prior to delivery; and

d) delivering said USS frames from said buffer at a constant rate responsive to a delay criteria being satisfied;

wherein said replacing step comprises;

i) requesting retransmission of said USS frames received with detected errors;

ii) replacing the USS frames received with detected errors with retransmitted frames provided the retransmitted frames are received without errors in time to be delivered at said constant rate; and

iii) if said retransmitted frames are not received without errors in time to be delivered at said constant rate, reconstructing the USS frames received with detected errors and discarding any subsequently received retransmission of said frames.