High-efficiency modulation RF amplifier

• US 6,377,784 B2
• Filed: 02/09/1999
• Issued: 04/23/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 02/09/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Tropian, Inc. (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: McCune, Earl
• Primary Examiner(s): BANKS HAROLD, MARSHA DENISE
• Application Number:
  US09/247,095
• Publication Number:
  US 20010014593A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,169 Days
• Field of Search: 455/110, 455/127, 455/108, 455/93, 455/102, 330/296, 330/297, 330/273, 330/127, 330/199, 330/200, 323/266, 375/300, 375/302
• US Class Current: 455/108
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/243 with built-in antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H03C 1/36 by means of semiconductor device having at least three electrodes H03C1/34, H03C1/50, H03C1/52, H03C1/62 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/02 Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0205 in transistor amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0211 with control of the supply voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0227 using supply converters
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0244 Stepped control
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0277 Selecting one or more amplifiers from a plurality of amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/32 Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion by negative feedback H03F1/34
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/504 the supply voltage or current being continuously controlled by a controlling signal, e.g. the controlling signal of a transistor implemented as variable resistor in a supply path for, an IC-block showed amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/2178 using more than one switch or switching amplifier in parallel or in series H03F3/2173, H03F3/2175 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/004 Control by varying the supply voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3047 for intermittent signals, e.g. burst signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0408 with power amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/045 with means for improving efficiency

Abstract

The present invention, generally speaking, provides for high-efficiency power control of a high-efficiency (e.g., hard-limiting or switch-mode) power amplifier in such a manner as to achieve a desired modulation. In one embodiment, the spread between a maximum frequency of the desired modulation and the operating frequency of a switch-mode DC-DC converter is reduced by following the switch-mode converter with an active linear regulator. The linear regulator is designed so as to control the operating voltage of the power amplifier with sufficient bandwidth to faithfully reproduce the desired amplitude modulation waveform. The linear regulator is further designed to reject variations on its input voltage even while the output voltage is changed in response to an applied control signal. This rejection will occur even though the variations on the input voltage are of commensurate or even lower frequency than that of the controlled output variation. Amplitude modulation may be achieved by directly or effectively varying the operating voltage on the power amplifier while simultaneously achieving high efficiency in the conversion of primary DC power to the amplitude modulated output signal. High efficiency is enhanced by allowing the switch-mode DC-to-DC converter to also vary its output voltage such that the voltage drop across the linear regulator is kept at a low and relatively constant level. Time-division multiple access (TDMA) bursting capability may be combined with efficient amplitude modulation, with control of these functions being combined. In addition, the variation of average output power level in accordance with commands from a communications system may also be combined within the same structure.

Claims

1. RF amplification circuitry comprising:

a modulation encoder block responsive to a data input signal for producing as output signals a magnitude signal and a phase signal each describing corresponding characteristics of a desired RF output signal;

a carrier generation block responsive to the phase signal and to a tuning input signal for producing an RF carrier signal having a frequency determined in accordance with the tuning input signal and having a phase modulation characteristic determined in accordance with the phase signal;

a magnitude driver block responsive to the magnitude signal and to a power level input signal for producing at least one magnitude drive signal having a drive strength determined in accordance with both the magnitude signal and the power level input signal; and

RF power amplifier circuitry having at least one stage and having the magnitude drive signal as a supply voltage, the RF carrier signal causing the one stage to be driven repeatedly between two states, a hard-on state and a hard-off state, without operating the stage in a linear operating region for an appreciable percentage of time, thereby producing an RF output signal;

wherein the RF power amplifier circuitry is controlled without continuous or frequent feedback adjustment of the RF output signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the magnitude driver block comprises:

a switch mode converter having a power input, a power output and a control input; and

a regulator having a power input, a power output and a control input, the power input of the regulator being coupled to the power output of the switch-mode converter; and

control circuitry responsive to the magnitude signal and the power level input signal for producing a first control signal coupled to the control input of the switch mode converter and a second control signal coupled to the control input of the regulator.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a plurality of amplifier modules coupled in parallel, wherein the magnitude driver block is responsive to an overall magnitude signal for generating one or more magnitude drive signals, a magnitude drive signal being applied to each of the amplifier modules, each amplifier module comprising RF power amplifier circuitry having at least one stage and having a respective magnitude drive signal as a supply voltage, the RF carrier signal causing the one stage to be driven repeatedly between two states, a hard-on state and a hard-off state, without operating the stage in a linear operating region for an appreciable percentage of time, thereby producing an RF output signal.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein separate respective magnitude drive signals are generated for each of the RF power amplifiers.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein a single magnitude drive signal is applied in common to all of the RF power amplifiers.

6. A method of generating a modulated RF signal, comprising:

responsive to a data input signal, producing as output signals a magnitude signal and a phase signal each describing corresponding characteristics of a desired RF output signal;

responsive to the phase signal and to a tuning input signal, producing an RF carrier signal having a frequency determined in accordance with the tuning input signal and having a phase modulation characteristic determined in accordance with the phase signal;

responsive to the magnitude signal and to a power level input signal, producing at least one magnitude drive signal having a drive strength determined in accordance with both the magnitude signal and the power level input signal; and

applying the magnitude drive signal as a supply source to RF power amplifier circuitry having at least one stage, the RF carrier signal causing the one stage to be driven repeatedly between two states, a hard-on state and a hard-off state, without operating the stage in a linear operating region for an appreciable percentage of time, thereby producing an RF output signal;

wherein the RF power amplifier circuitry is controlled without continuous or frequent feedback adjustment of the RF output signal.