Burn rate-enhanced high gas yield non-azide gas generants
First Claim
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1. A gas generant composition comprising:
- between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel, between about 15 and about 55 wt % metal ammine nitrate oxidizer, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than the ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer and wherein the gas generant composition provides a burn rate in excess of 0.45 inches per second at 1000 psi and a gas output in excess of about 3 moles of gas per 100 grams of the composition.
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Abstract
Gas generant compositions and methods of processing are provided which produce or result in a relatively high burning rate and low burning rate pressure exponent, while also desirably providing a high gas output, as compared to normal or typical gas generant formulations such as used in association with vehicle occupant restraint airbag cushions.
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Citations
19 Claims
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1. A gas generant composition comprising:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel, between about 15 and about 55 wt % metal ammine nitrate oxidizer, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than the ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer and wherein the gas generant composition provides a burn rate in excess of 0.45 inches per second at 1000 psi and a gas output in excess of about 3 moles of gas per 100 grams of the composition. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A gas generating composition comprising:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel, between about 15 and about 55 wt % metal ammine nitrate oxidizer, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than the ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer and wherein the gas generant composition provides a burn rate in excess of 0.35 inches per second at 1000 psi and a gas output in excess of about 3 moles of gas per 100 grams of the composition, wherein the non-azide gas generating fuel is a nitrogen-containing organic fuel material and comprises nitroguanidine.
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10. A gas generating composition comprising:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel, between about 15 and about 55 wt % metal ammine nitrate oxidizer, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than the ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer and wherein the gas generant composition provides a burn rate in excess of 0.35 inches per second at 1000 psi and a gas output in excess of about 3 moles of gas per 100 grams of the composition, wherein the non-azide gas generating fuel is a nitrogen-containing organic fuel material and comprises a tetrazole.
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11. A gas generant composition comprising:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel, between about 30 and about 55 wt % of metal ammine nitrate oxidizer selected from the group consisting of copper diammine dinitrate, zinc diammine dinitrate and combinations thereof, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and combinations thereof, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the gas generant composition provides a burn rate in excess of 0.45 inches per second at 1000 psi. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 17)
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15. A gas generant composition comprising:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel comprising nitroguanidine, between about 30 and about 55 wt % of metal ammine nitrate oxidizer selected from the group consisting of copper diammine dinitrate, zinc diammine dinitrate and combinations thereof, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and combinations thereof, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer.
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16. A gas generant composition comprising:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide gas generating fuel comprising a tetrazole, between about 30 and about 55 wt % of metal ammine nitrate oxidizer selected from the group consisting of copper diammine dinitrate, zinc diammine dinitrate and combinations thereof, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and combinations thereof, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer, wherein the metal ammine nitrate oxidizer is present in a greater relative amount than ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer.
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18. A gas generant composition consisting essentially of:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of a non-azide nitrogen-containing organic fuel material, between about 15 and about 55 wt % metal ammine nitrate oxidizer, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer.
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19. A gas generant composition having a nitrogen-containing organic fuel material as a non-azide gas generating fuel and wherein the gas generant composition consists essentially of:
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between about 30 and about 60 wt % of the nitrogen-containing organic fuel material, between about 30 and about 55 wt % of metal ammine nitrate oxidizer, between about 2 and about 10 wt % metal oxide burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and between about 0 and about 35 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer.
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Specification
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Current AssigneeAutoliv ASP Incorporated (Autoliv Incorporated)
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Original AssigneeAutoliv ASP Incorporated (Autoliv Incorporated)
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InventorsTaylor, Robert D., Mendenhall, Ivan V.
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Primary Examiner(s)Jordan, Charles T.
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Assistant Examiner(s)FELTON, AILEEN BAKER
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Application NumberUS09/512,554Time in Patent Office803 DaysField of Search149/45, 149/46, 149/47US Class Current149/46CPC Class CodesC06B 23/007 Ballistic modifiers, burnin...C06B 31/28 the salt being ammonium nit...C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more ...
