System and method for controlling the operation of a fuel processing system

• US 6,383,670 B1
• Filed: 10/06/1999
• Issued: 05/07/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 10/06/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: DCNS SA (Government of France)
• Original Assignee: IdaTech LLC (IdaTech Ltd.)
• Inventors: Herron, Thomas G., Edlund, David J., Pledger, William A.
• Primary Examiner(s): KALAFUT, STEPHEN J
• Application Number:
  US09/414,049
• Time in Patent Office: 944 Days
• Field of Search: 429/17, 429/19, 429/20, 429/22, 422/108
• US Class Current: 429/423
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/06 using only one supply
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/10 by alarm
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/12 by confirmation, e.g. of the input
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/16 by display
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0053 relating to fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/72 Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/31 for starting of fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/34 by heating
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04089 of gaseous reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0612 from carbon-containing material
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/32 Hydrogen storage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

A control system and method for a fuel processing system. The control system automates the operation of a fuel processing system by monitoring operating parameters and automatically controlling the operation of the system responsive to the monitored parameters, predefined subroutines and/or user inputs.

Claims

1. An automated fuel processing system, comprising:

a fuel processor adapted to receive a feed stream and produce hydrogen gas therefrom;

a feed assembly adapted to deliver the feed stream to the fuel processor; and

a control system including a sensor assembly adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the fuel processing system and a controller in communication with the sensor assembly and adapted to receive inputs therefrom, wherein the controller includes a memory device that includes a plurality of stored subroutines, and further wherein the controller is further adapted to automatically execute one or more of the stored subroutines responsive at least in part to inputs from the sensor assembly to control the operation of the fuel processing system at least in part based on the inputs from the sensor assembly.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller includes software executing on a processor.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller includes a processor.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically shutdown the fuel processing system if the value of the operating parameter exceeds a threshold value.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to control the operation of the fuel processing system to maintain the value of the operating parameter at a determined value or within a range bounded by threshold values.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically transition the fuel processing system between determined control states at least in part based on the inputs from the sensor assembly.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel processing system includes a user interface in communication with the controller.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the user interface is adapted to display information indicative of the performance of the fuel processing system.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the user interface includes at least one user input device.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the at least one user input device is adapted to receive a user input and communicate the input to the controller.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the controller is further adapted to control the operation of the fuel processing system at least in part based on a user input from the user interface.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically transition the fuel processing system between determined control from the user interface.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel processor includes a steam reformer.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel processing system further includes a hydrogen storage device adapted to receive at least a portion of the hydrogen gas.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel processing system further includes a fuel cell stack adapted to receive at least a portion of the hydrogen gas and produce an electric current therefrom.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the fuel processing system further includes at least one device adapted to draw at least a portion of the electric current from the fuel cell stack.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the fuel cell stack includes at least one proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the feed assembly.

19. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of three operating parameters of the fuel processor.

21. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the feed assembly and at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.

22. The system of claim 1, wherein execution of one of the plurality of stored subroutines causes the controller to send at least one command signal to control the operation of the feed assembly and at least one command signal to control the operation of the fuel processor.

23. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of stored subroutines is adapted to direct the controller to achieve a different operating state.

24. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is programmed to maintain the fuel processing system in a selected one of a plurality of operating states.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the plurality of operating states includes a faulted state in which the controller stops the delivery of the feed stream to the fuel processor.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically switch to the faulted state when the value of an operating parameter measured by the sensor assembly exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

27. The system of claim 24, wherein the fuel processor is adapted to deliver at least a portion of the hydrogen gas to at least one of a fuel cell stack and a hydrogen storage device, and further wherein the plurality of operating states includes an idle state in which the controller stops the delivery of the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen storage device.

28. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically switch between and maintain defined operating states according to execution of one or more of the stored subroutines.

29. The system of claim 1, wherein each programmed subroutine directs the controller to automatically send input signals required to achieve a selected operating state of the fuel processing system.

30. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller includes at least one digital circuit.

31. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller includes at least one analog circuit.

32. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of stored subroutines is adapted to direct the controller to achieve a different predefined operating state.

33. An automated fuel processing system, comprising:

a fuel processor adapted to receive a feed stream and to produce a product hydrogen stream therefrom, wherein the fuel processor is adapted to be selectively operated in a plurality of predefined operating states;

a feed assembly adapted to deliver the feed stream to the fuel processor;

an automated control system including a computerized controller and a sensor assembly adapted to monitor at least one operating parameter of at least one of the fuel processor and the feed assembly and to communicate inputs to the controller corresponding to the at least one operating parameter, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically control the operation of the fuel processing system to switch the fuel processor between the plurality of predefined operating states based at least in part on the inputs, and further wherein the controller utilizes a plurality of programmed subroutines to switch the fuel processor between the plurality of predefined operating states.

34. The system of claim 33, wherein the control system includes at least one user input device adapted to receive user inputs from a user and to communicate the inputs to the controller, and further wherein the controller is adapted to switch the fuel processor between the plurality of predefined operating states based at least in part on the user inputs.

35. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller includes at least one digital circuit.

36. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller includes at least one analog circuit.

37. The system of claim 33, wherein each of the plurality of programmed subroutines is adapted to direct the controller to achieve a different predefined operating state.

38. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller includes software executing on a processor.

39. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller includes a processor.

40. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically shutdown the fuel processing system if the value of the operating parameter exceeds a threshold value.

41. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller is adapted to control the operation of the fuel processing system to maintain the value of the operating parameter at a determined value or within a range bounded by threshold values.

42. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically transition the fuel processing system between the plurality of predefined operating states at least in part based on the inputs from the sensor assembly.

43. The system of claim 33, wherein the fuel processing system includes a user interface in communication with the controller.

44. The system of claim 43, wherein the user interface is adapted to display information indicative of the performance of the fuel processing system.

45. The system of claim 43, wherein the user interface includes at least one user input device.

46. The system of claim 45, wherein the at least one user input device is adapted to receive a user input and communicate the input to the controller.

47. The system of claim 46, wherein the controller is further adapted to control the operation of the fuel processing system at least in part based on a user input from the user interface.

48. The system of claim 46, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically transition the fuel processing system between the plurality of predefined operating states at least in part based on a user input from the user interface.

49. The system of claim 33, wherein the fuel processor includes a steam reformer.

50. The system of claim 33, wherein the fuel processing system further includes a hydrogen storage device adapted to receive at least a portion of the product hydrogen stream.

51. The system of claim 33, wherein the fuel processing system further includes a fuel cell stack adapted to receive at least a portion of the product hydrogen stream and produce an electric current therefrom.

52. The system of claim 51, wherein the fuel processing system further includes at least one device adapted to draw at least a portion of the electric current from the fuel cell stack.

53. The system of claim 51, wherein the fuel cell stack includes at least one proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

54. The system of claim 33, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the feed assembly.

55. The system of claim 33, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.

56. The system of claim 55, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of three operating parameters of the fuel processor.

57. The system of claim 33, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the feed assembly and at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.

58. The system of claim 33, wherein execution of one of the plurality of programmed subroutines causes the controller to send at least one command signal to control the operation of the feed assembly and at least one command signal to control the operation of the fuel processor.

59. The system of claim 33, wherein each of the plurality of programmed subroutines is adapted to direct the controller to achieve a different operating state.

60. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller is programmed to maintain the fuel processing system in a selected one of a plurality of operating states.

61. The system of claim 60, wherein the plurality of operating states includes a faulted state in which the controller stops the delivery of the feed stream to the fuel processor.

62. The system of claim 61, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically switch to the faulted state when the value of an operating parameter measured by the sensor assembly exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

63. The system of claim 60, wherein the fuel processor is adapted to deliver at least a portion of the product hydrogen stream to at least one of a fuel cell stack and a hydrogen storage device, and further wherein the plurality of operating states includes an idle state in which the controller stops the delivery of the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen storage device.

64. The system of claim 33, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically switch between and maintain defined operating states according to execution of one or more of the programmed subroutines.

65. The system of claim 33, wherein each programmed subroutine directs the controller to automatically send input signals required to achieve a selected operating state of the fuel processing system.

66. An automated fuel processing system, comprising:

a fuel processor adapted to receive a feed stream and to produce a product hydrogen stream therefrom, wherein the fuel processor is adapted to be selectively operated in a plurality of predefined operating states, and further wherein the fuel processing system is adapted to deliver at least a portion of the product stream to at least one of a fuel cell stack and a hydrogen storage device;

a feed assembly adapted to deliver the feed stream to the fuel processor;

an automated control system including a computerized controller and a sensor assembly adapted to monitor at least one operating parameter of at least one of the fuel processor and the feed assembly and to communicate inputs to the controller corresponding to the at least one operating parameter, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically control the operation of the fuel processing system to switch the fuel processor between the plurality of predefined operating states based at least in part on the inputs, and further wherein the plurality of predefined operating states includes a standby operating state in which the controller is adapted to achieve and maintain predefined operating temperatures and pressures within the fuel processor without delivering the product stream to the fuel cell stack or the hydrogen storage device.

67. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller includes at least one digital circuit.

68. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller includes at least one analog circuit.

69. The system of claim 66, wherein each of the plurality of programmed subroutines is adapted to direct the controller to achieve a different predefined operating state.

70. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller includes software executing on a processor.

71. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller includes a processor.

72. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically shutdown the fuel processing system if the value of the operating parameter exceeds a threshold value.

73. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller is adapted to control the operation of the fuel processing system to maintain the value of the operating parameter at a determined value or within a range bounded by threshold values.

74. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically transition the fuel processing system between the plurality of predefined operating states at least in part based on the inputs from the sensor assembly.

75. The system of claim 66, wherein the fuel processing system includes a user interface in communication with the controller.

76. The system of claim 75, wherein the user interface is adapted to display information indicative of the performance of the fuel processing system.

77. The system of claim 75, wherein the user interface includes at least one user input device.

78. The system of claim 75, wherein the at least one user input device is adapted to receive a user input and communicate the input to the controller.

79. The system of claim 78, wherein the controller is further adapted to control the operation of the fuel processing system at least in part based on a user input from the user interface.

80. The system of claim 78, wherein the controller is adapted to automatically transition the fuel processing system between the plurality of predefined operating states at least in part based on a user input from the user interface.

81. The system of claim 66, wherein the fuel processor includes a steam reform.

82. The system of claim 66, wherein the fuel processing system further includes a hydrogen storage device adapted to receive at least a portion of the product hydrogen stream.

83. The system of claim 66, wherein the fuel processing system further includes a fuel cell stack adapted to receive at least a portion of the product hydrogen and produce an electric current therefrom.

84. The system of claim 83, wherein the fuel processing system further includes at least one device adapted to draw at least a portion of the electric current from the fuel cell stack.

85. The system of claim 83, wherein the fuel cell stack includes at least one proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

86. The system of claim 66, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the feed assembly.

87. The system of claim 66, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.

88. The system of claim 87, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of three operating parameters of the fuel processor.

89. The system of claim 66, wherein the sensor assembly is adapted to monitor the value of at least one operating parameter of the feed assembly and at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.

90. The system of claim 66, wherein execution of one of the plurality of programmed subroutines causes the controller to send at least one command signal to control the operation of the feed assembly and at least one command signal to control the operation of the fuel processor.

91. The system of claim 66, wherein each of the plurality of programmed subroutines is adapted to direct the controller to achieve a different operating state.

92. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller is programmed to maintain the fuel processing system in a selected one of a plurality of operating states.

93. The system of claim 92, wherein the plurality of operating states includes a faulted state in which the controller stops the delivery of the feed stream to the fuel processor.

94. The system of claim 92, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically switch to the faulted state when the value of an operating parameter measured by the sensor assembly exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

95. The system of claim 92, wherein the fuel processor is adapted to deliver at least a portion of the hydrogen gas to at least one of a fuel cell stack and a hydrogen storage device, and further wherein the plurality of operating states includes an idle state in which the controller stops the delivery of the product hydrogen stream to the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen storage device.

96. The system of claim 66, wherein the controller is programmed to automatically switch between and maintain defined operating states according to execution of one or more of the programmed subroutines.

97. The system of claim 66, wherein each programmed subroutine directs the controller to automatically send input signals required to achieve a selected operating state of the fuel processing system.

98. The system of claim 66, wherein the control system includes at least one user input device adapted to receive user inputs from a user and to communicate the inputs to the controller, and further wherein the controller is adapted to switch the fuel processor between the plurality of predefined operating states based at least in part on the user inputs.