Digital communication system and method
First Claim
1. A communication apparatus comprising:
- a voltage drive source;
a multi-conductor communications medium, coupled to the source, wherein the source incudes drive circuitry for impressing on at least one of the conductors of the medium a plurality of spaced apart, voltage-type clock pulses of a first polarity relative to two of the conductors;
an electrical device, coupled to the medium, wherein the device includes receiver circuitry for detecting the voltage-type clock pulses and for generating in the device electrical signals indicative thereof, wherein the device further includes transmitter circuitry for producing a plurality of spaced apart voltage drive data pulses on the at least one conductor, at least some of which are interspersed between respective pairs of clock pulses and having a second, different, polarity relative to the two conductors.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A communication protocol facilitates transmission at maximum rates for various types of cables. Signal to noise characteristics are improved by using voltage waveforms. The protocol can be used to transmit information between a common control unit and a plurality of spaced apart devices coupled thereto. Alternately, the protocol can be used for transmission of information between devices. The common control unit transmits clock pulses, while in a low impedance state. The devices respond to the clock pulses and transmit data on the communications link, in a low impedance state, when the common control unit has assumed a high impedance state. Clock signals and data signals are separated to improve signal to noise characteristics by transmitting same with opposite polarities. A clock detection circuit responds to the polarity of the clock pulses. A data detection circuit responds to the polarity of the data pulses.
66 Citations
71 Claims
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1. A communication apparatus comprising:
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a voltage drive source;
a multi-conductor communications medium, coupled to the source, wherein the source incudes drive circuitry for impressing on at least one of the conductors of the medium a plurality of spaced apart, voltage-type clock pulses of a first polarity relative to two of the conductors;
an electrical device, coupled to the medium, wherein the device includes receiver circuitry for detecting the voltage-type clock pulses and for generating in the device electrical signals indicative thereof, wherein the device further includes transmitter circuitry for producing a plurality of spaced apart voltage drive data pulses on the at least one conductor, at least some of which are interspersed between respective pairs of clock pulses and having a second, different, polarity relative to the two conductors. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A communication apparatus comprising
a voltage drive source; -
at least a two-wire medium for communication, coupled to the source, wherein the source includes drive circuitry for impressing on the medium a plurality of spaced apart, voltage-type clock pulses of a first polarity across two of the wires;
an electrical device, coupled to the medium, wherein the device includes circuitry for detecting the voltage-type clock pulses and for generating in the device electrical signals indicative thereof;
wherein the device contains an energy source; and
wherein the device further includes transmitter circuitry for driving the medium, from the energy source in the device, with a plurality of spaced apart voltage-type data pulses, and having a second, different polarity across the two wires. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A communications system interface circuit with first and second terminals comprising:
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circuitry for providing temporally spaced apart framing signals at the terminals with an amplitude corresponding to a first voltage level, having a first polarity;
circuitry for providing a plurality of spaced apart first pulses at the terminals, between spaced apart framing signals, an amplitude less than the first voltage level and with the first polarity; and
circuitry for receiving, at the terminals, spaced apart second voltage pulses, at least some of which are interspersed between pairs of first pulses, and having a polarity opposite that of the first polarity. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. An electrical unit comprising:
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circuitry for detecting a transition of a voltage signal of a selected polarity through a first threshold thereby defining one of a framing signal start transition and a framing signal end transition;
circuitry for detecting at least one voltage transition through a second threshold, less than the first threshold, thereby defining one of a plurality of clock pulses;
circuitry for detecting at least one voltage transition through a third threshold thereby defining one of a plurality of data pulses wherein the data pulses exhibit an amplitude having a polarity opposite the polarity of the framing signals. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. In a communication system, a method of driving a waveform on a communication line comprising:
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providing a start-frame indicator by altering a line voltage of a first polarity relative to a predetermined value;
generating clock pulse voltages with the first polarity and an amplitude that is different than the start frame indicator;
sending data pulses of a different polarity during the high impedance period of time;
providing an end-frame indicator for the message by returning the line voltage to the predetermined value. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
switching to a high impedance state and decoupling from the communication line for a period of time between each clock pulse.
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36. A method, as in claim 35, wherein the line voltage is driven to zero between each clock pulse prior to switching to the high impedance for decoupling a power supply from the communication line.
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37. A method as in claim 35 where the devices coupled to the communication line exhibit a high impedance unless a selected device is transmitting a data value.
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38. A method as in claim 34 wherein a stabilization period is provided immediately following the frame-start indicator prior to the first clock pulse.
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39. A method as in claim 34 wherein multiple words are transmitted in the message.
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40. A method as in claim 39 wherein one word in the message comprises an error detection check sum.
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41. A communications method comprising:
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generating a plurality of spaced apart voltage clock pulses, and transmitting the clock pulses with a first polarity in a low impedance state;
generating a plurality of voltage da pulses;
transmitting at least some of the voltage data pulses with a second polarity, opposite the first polarity, interspersed between pairs of clock pulses, and in the presence of a relatively high impedance state.- View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
providing a clock pulse transmitting source with high and low output impedance states and switching the source to the low impedance state when clock pulses are being transmitted and to the high impedance state when data pulses are being transmitted from a data source.
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43. A method as in claim 41 wherein the clock pulses are bounded by framing signals with the first polarity.
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44. A method as in claim 43 wherein clock pulses are detected with a threshold having the first polarity and wherein data pulses are detected with a different threshold having the second polarity.
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45. A method as in claim 44 which includes providing electrical energy at least during the clock pulses.
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46. A method as in claim 44 wherein the framing signals are detected with a third threshold, greater than the threshold but having the first polarity.
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47. An electrical unit couplable to a bidirectional communication link, the unit comprising:
interface circuitry having at least first and second threshold detection circuits wherein the detected thresholds have one polarity and a third threshold detection circuit wherein the third threshold has a different polarity and wherein the polarities are relative to a selected, common communication line. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51)
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52. A communication system having a bidirectional communications medium comprising:
a plurality of electrical units wherein the medium enables a selected unit to communicate and the units each include communications interface circuitry, couplable to the medium, wherein that circuitry selectively exhibits a first output impedance and a second, lower output impedance wherein the interface circuitry includes drive circuitry for impressing a selected signaling voltage on the medium with the second output impedance; and
detection circuitry for comparing a voltage on the medium to a voltage expected to be present on the medium and for terminating unit communication, at least temporarily, in response to a difference therebetween.- View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55)
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56. A prioritizing process, usable with a plurality of energy supplying devices that communicate via a medium, the process comprising:
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impressing, using energy from a communicating device, a discontinuous voltage sequence, corresponding to an indicator, on the medium wherein the sequence has at least two states;
comparing a discontinuous voltage sequence present on the medium to the impressed sequence, and, in response to a difference therebetween, terminating the process for a period of time. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58, 59, 60)
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61. A communication system which provides an access time for messages with multiple devices capable of transmitting information via a communications medium at the same time during the access time, the system comprising:
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a plurality of devices each having circuitry capable of transmitting a signal on the communication medium including circuitry in the devices for monitoring the communication medium, and including energy storage circuits in at least some of the devices and wherein stored energy in the devices is used to transmit a voltage signal on the communication medium and where the devices wait to start transmitting until an access time is provided;
decision logic in the devices to stop transmitting during the access time if a mismatch occurs; and
whereinif a device stopped transmitting because of a mismatch, that device will retry transmitting during the next access time. - View Dependent Claims (62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67)
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68. A communications apparatus comprising:
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a voltage drive source;
at least a two wire communications medium, coupled to the source, wherein the source includes drive circuitry for impressing on the medium a plurality of voltage-type frame defining signals wherein during a defined frame information can be transmitted on the medium and wherein delay circuitry provides a medium settling delay at the beginning of a defined frame and before any information is transmitted. - View Dependent Claims (69, 70, 71)
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Specification