Omni-actuatable hand-held surgical instruments

• US 6,391,046 B1
• Filed: 04/14/2000
• Issued: 05/21/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 04/14/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Duke University
• Original Assignee: Duke University
• Inventors: Overaker, Ronald F., Dodge, Brian C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Milano, Michael J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lewis, William W
• Application Number:
  US09/549,469
• Time in Patent Office: 767 Days
• Field of Search: 606/1, 606/170, 606/167, 606/171, 606/205, 606/206, 606/210, 606/127, 606/51, 606/52, 606/174, 301/37, 294/99.2, 294/115, 600/562-567, 811/771, 814/89
• US Class Current: 606/205
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/2909 Handles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/2918 flexible handles

Abstract

Hand-held instruments which may be employed to actuate a distally mounted tool by application of radial compressive force about the instrument circumference (i.e., omni-actuatable). In preferred forms, hand-held instruments have a handle which includes an actuator assembly for actuating a tool, wherein the actuator assembly has a generally V-shaped circumferential channel in which an actuator band is seated. A slide ring assembly is provided which defines the generally V-shaped circumferential channel and has at least one slide ring mounted for longitudinal movements relative to the handle. The actuator band is radially flexible. Thus, in response to a compressive force, the actuator band seated within the generally V-shaped channel will be flexed radially inwardly to thereby moves the slide ring longitudinally. The slide ring, in turn, coacts operatively with the distally mounted tool (e.g., through a longitudinally slidable actuator pin). Radial motion of the actuator band is thereby translated into longitudinal motion of the slide ring, which longitudinal motion is then employed to actuate the tool.

Claims

1. A hand-held instrument having a handle which includes an actuator assembly for actuating a tool, said actuator assembly comprising:

a slide ring assembly which defines a generally V-shaped circumferential channel and having at least one slide ring mounted for longitudinal movements relative to the handle; and

a radially flexible actuator band seated within said generally V-shaped channel, wherein radial force applied to said actuator band causes said actuator band to be radially depressed within said generally V-shaped channel to thereby responsively move said at least one slide ring longitudinally relative to the handle.

2. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said actuator band includes an arcuate surface in contact with said V-shaped channel.

3. The instrument of claim 2, wherein said actuator band includes an endless spring.

4. The instrument of claim 2, wherein said actuator band includes a circumferentially disposed series of spherical bearings.

5. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said slide ring assembly includes opposed ramp surfaces which define said V-shaped channel.

6. The instrument of claim 5, wherein said ramp surfaces are convexly arcuate.

7. The instrument of claim 5, wherein said ramp surfaces are non-linear.

8. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said actuator assembly includes a core member having a lengthwise slot and an actuator pin slidably received within said slot, wherein said at least one slide ring is in operative contact with said actuator pin such that said at least one slide ring and said actuator pin longitudinally move in response to said radial force applied to said actuator band.

9. The instrument of claim 8, wherein said actuator pin has a radially extending tab, and wherein said at least one slide ring has an annular recess which receives said tab.

10. The instrument of claim 8, wherein said actuator pin has a tip which extends longitudinally outwardly from said pin.

11. The instrument of claim 1, wherein said slide ring assembly includes a fixed-position actuator flange in opposition to said at least one slide ring, and wherein said V-shaped channel is defined between said actuator flange and said at least one slide ring.

12. The instrument of claim 11, wherein said actuator assembly includes a core housing attached to said handle, and wherein said actuator flange is integral with said core housing at a distal end thereof.

13. The instrument of claim 12, wherein said actuator assembly includes a core member coupled to said core housing, said core member having a lengthwise slot and an actuator pin slidably received within said slot, wherein said at least one slide ring is in operative contact with said actuator pin such that said at least one slide ring and said actuator pin longitudinally move in response to said radial force applied to said actuator band.

14. The instrument of claim 13, wherein said actuator pin has a radially extending tab, and wherein said at least one slide ring has an annular recess which receives said tab.

15. The instrument of claim 13, wherein said actuator pin has a tip which extends longitudinally outwardly from said pin.

16. The instrument of claim 12, wherein said core housing includes an internally threaded bore, and wherein said core member includes a threaded proximal end which is threadably coupled to said threaded bore of said core housing.

17. The instrument of claim 16, further comprising a set screw threadably received in said threaded bore in opposition to said threaded proximal end of said core member to positionally fix said core member relative to said core housing.

22. The combination comprising a surgical tool, and an instrument as in claim 1 or 18.

18. A hand-held instrument having a handle which includes actuator means for translating radial forces applied thereto into longitudinal movements of a distally mounted tool element, said actuator means comprising:

coaxially opposed first and second rings, said first ring having a fixed-position and said second ring being longitudinally moveable relative to said first ring, wherein

said first and second rings have respective converging ramp surfaces to define a generally V-shaped channel therebetween; and

an actuator band seated in said channel and having a cross-sectionally arcuate exterior surface in contact with said ramp surfaces, wherein

said radial forces applied to said actuator band causes said actuator band to be radially depressed within said channel and thereby responsively move said second ring longitudinally relative to said first ring.

19. The instrument of claim 18, further comprising a longitudinally moveable third ring coaxially opposed to said second ring, said second and third rings having converging ramp surfaces to define a generally V-shaped second channel therebetween, and a second actuator band seated in said second channel and having a cross-sectionally arcuate exterior surface in contact with said ramp surfaces of said second and third rings.

20. The instrument of claim 18, wherein said actuator band is an endless spring.

21. The instrument of claim 18, wherein said actuator band is a circumferentially disposed series of spherical bearings.

23. A hand-held surgical instrument having a handle which includes a actuator assembly, and a surgical tool attached to a distal end of said handle and being operable in response to application of radial force to said actuator assembly, wherein said actuator assembly comprises:

a first fixed-position ring;

a second longitudinally moveable ring in coaxial opposition to said first ring;

said first and second rings having respective annular ramp surfaces which define therebetween a generally V-shaped channel in cross-section;

an actuator band seated in said channel, said actuator band being radially depressed within said channel in response to a radial force applied thereto so as to responsively longitudinally move said second ring relative to said first ring and thereby actuate said surgical tool.

24. The instrument of claim 23, wherein said actuator band includes an arcuate surface in contact with said V-shaped channel.

25. The instrument of claim 24, wherein said actuator band is an endless spring.

26. The instrument of claim 24, wherein said actuator band is a circumferentially disposed series of spherical bearings.

27. The instrument of claim 23, wherein said ramp surfaces are convexly arcuate.

28. The instrument of claim 23, wherein said ramp surfaces are non-linear.

29. The instrument of claim 23, wherein said actuator assembly includes a core member having a lengthwise slot and an actuator pin slidably received within said slot, wherein said second ring is in operative contact with said actuator pin such that said second ring and said actuator pin longitudinally move in response to said radial force applied to said actuator band.

30. The instrument of claim 29, wherein said actuator pin has a radially extending tab, and wherein said second ring has an annular recess which receives said tab.

31. The instrument of claim 30 wherein said actuator pin has a tip which extends longitudinally outwardly from said pin to actuate said surgical tool.

32. The instrument of claim 28, wherein said actuator assembly includes a core housing fixed to said handle, wherein said core member is fixed to said core housing.

33. The instrument of claim 32, wherein said first ring is formed integrally at a distal end of said core housing.

34. The instrument of claim 33, wherein said core member and said core housing are threadably coupled to one another.

35. The instrument of claim 23, further comprising a longitudinally moveable third ring coaxially opposed to said second ring, said second and third rings having converging ramp surfaces to define a generally V-shaped second channel therebetween, and a second actuator band seated in said second channel and having a cross-sectionally arcuate exterior surface in contact with said ramp surfaces of said second and third rings.