RF driven resistive ablation system for use in MRI guided therapy

• US 6,393,314 B1
• Filed: 05/06/1999
• Issued: 05/21/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Schneider, Erika, Rohling, Kenneth William, Watkins, Ronald Dean
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US09/306,083
• Time in Patent Office: 1,111 Days
• Field of Search: 600/411, 600/427, 607/96, 607/98, 607/99, 607/115, 607/101, 607/154-156, 607/122, 606/28, 606/29, 606/27, 606/32, 606/41
• US Class Current: 600/411
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/08 by means of electrically-heated probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00083 low, i.e. electrically insulating
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00107 Coatings on the energy applicator
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/374 NMR or MRI
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/06 Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies for removing same A61B17/50 ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient

Abstract

An MRI system acquires NMR image data to produce real time anatomic images as an ablation device is guided into contact with target tissues in a patient to be thermally treated. The ablation device includes a resistive element at its operating end which receives alternating current from an ablation control system. The resistive element produces therapeutic heat that treats the target tissues.

Claims

1. An ablation system comprising:

an ablation device having an operating tip for guidance by a physician into a treatment position adjacent target tissues in a patient;

a resistive element mounted in the ablation device near said operating tip;

conductors positioned in the ablation device and connected to the resistive element, said conductors extending from the operating tip toward a non-operating end of the ablation device;

a MRI system for acquiring image data from the patient being treated and being operable to display an image reconstructed from the acquired image data which depicts location of the operating tip of the ablation device in the patient; and

an ablation control system including a power source coupled to the conductors to deliver alternating current to the resistive element for treating the target tissues, the alternating current being above a predetermined frequency at which gradient coils of the MRI system are switched and being below the Larmor frequency of the MRI system.

2. The ablation system as recited in claim 1 in which the power source is inductively coupled to the conductors.

3. The ablation system as recited in claim 2 including a first coil disposed at the non-operating end of the ablation device and a second coil coupled to said power source, said second coil being inductively coupled to the first coil.

4. The ablation system as recited in claim 1 in which the resistive element is formed by depositing a resistive material on the operating tip.

5. The ablation system as recited in claim 4 in which the operating tip comprises a ceramic material.

6. The ablation system as recited in claim 1 in which the ablation device comprises a catheter having a flexible body.

7. The ablation system as recited in claim 1 in which the ablation device comprises a needle having a rigid body.

8. The ablation system as recited in claim 1 including a coupling circuit for coupling the conductors to the power source, said coupling circuit being operable to impedance match the power source to the conductors.

9. The ablation system as recited in claim 8 in which the coupling circuit includes a transformer.

10. The ablation system as recited in claim 8 in which the coupling circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor.