Method for making humanized antibodies

• US 6,407,213 B1
• Filed: 11/17/1993
• Issued: 06/18/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Genentech, Inc. (Roche Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: Genentech, Inc. (Roche Holding AG)
• Inventors: Presta, Leonard G., Carter, Paul J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Caputa, Anthony C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): DAVIS, MINH TAM B
• Application Number:
  US08/146,206
• Time in Patent Office: 3,135 Days
• Field of Search: 435/69.6, 435/69.7, 435/70.21, 435/91, 435/172.2, 435/240.1, 435/240.27, 435/252.3, 435/320.1, 435/328, 536/23.53, 424/133.1, 530/387.3
• US Class Current: 530/387.3
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 38/00 Medicinal preparations containing peptides peptides containing beta-lactam rings A61K31/00; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, A61K31/00; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type A61K31/48; containing macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units A61K31/74; medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies A61K39/00; medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients, e.g. peptides as drug carriers, A61K47/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/28 against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/2809 against the T-cell receptor (TcR)-CD3 complex
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/32 against translation products of oncogenes
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/465 with additional modified FR-residues
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/24 containing regions, domains or residues from different species, e.g. chimeric, humanized or veneered
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/31 multispecific
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/54 F(ab')2
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/55 Fab or Fab'
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/732 Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity [ADCC]
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2319/00 Fusion polypeptide
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 15/00 Digital computers in general details G06F1/00 – G06F13/00; Data processing equipment in general

Abstract

Variant immunoglobulins, particularly humanized antibody polypeptides are provided, along with methods for their preparation and use. Consensus immunoglobulin sequences and structural models are also provided.

Claims

1. A humanized antibody variable domain comprising non-human Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues which bind an antigen incorporated into a human antibody variable domain, and further comprising a Framework Region (FR) amino acid substitution at a site selected from the group consisting of:

4L, 38L, 43L, 44L, 58L, 62L, 65L, 66L, 67L, 68L, 69L, 73L, 85L, 98L, 2H, 4H, 36H, 39H, 43H, 45H, 69H, 70H, 74H, and 92H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

2. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the substituted residue is the residue found at the corresponding location of the non-human antibody from which the non-human CDR amino acid residues are obtained.

3. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein no human Framework Region (FR) residue other than those set forth in the group has been substituted.

4. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the human antibody variable domain is a consensus human variable domain.

5. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 4L has been substituted.

6. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 38L has been substituted.

7. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 43L has been substituted.

8. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 44L has been substituted.

9. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 58L has been substituted.

10. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 62L has been substituted.

11. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 65L has been substituted.

12. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 66L has been substituted.

13. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 67L has been substituted.

14. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 68L has been substituted.

15. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 69L has been substituted.

16. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 73L has been substituted.

17. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 85L has been substituted.

18. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 98L has been substituted.

19. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 2H has been substituted.

20. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 4H has been substituted.

21. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 36H has been substituted.

22. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 39H has been substituted.

23. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 43H has been substituted.

24. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 45H has been substituted.

25. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 69H has been substituted.

26. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 70H has been substituted.

27. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 74H has been substituted.

28. The humanized variable domain of claim 1 wherein the residue at site 92H has been substituted.

29. An antibody comprising the humanized variable domain of claim 1.

30. An antibody which binds p185^HER2 and comprises a humanized antibody variable domain, wherein the humanized antibody variable domain comprises non-human Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues which bind p185^HER2 incorporated into a human antibody variable domain, and further comprises a Framework Region (FR) amino acid substitution at a site selected from the group consisting of:

4L, 38L, 43L, 44L, 46L, 58L, 62L, 65L, 66L, 67L, 68L, 69L, 73L, 85L, 98L, 2H, 4H, 36H, 39H, 43H, 45H, 69H, 70H, 74H, 75H, 76H, 78H and 92H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

31. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the substituted residue is the residue found at the corresponding location of the non-human antibody from which the non-human CDR amino acid residues are obtained.

32. The antibody of claim 30 wherein no human Framework Region (FR) residue other than those set forth in the group has been substituted.

33. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the human antibody variable domain is a consensus human variable domain.

34. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 4L has been substituted.

35. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 38L has been substituted.

36. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 43L has been substituted.

37. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 44L has been substituted.

38. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 46L has been substituted.

39. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 58L has been substituted.

40. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 62L has been substituted.

41. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 65L has been substituted.

42. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 66L has been substituted.

43. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 67L has been substituted.

44. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 68L has been substituted.

45. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 69L has been substituted.

46. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 73L has been substituted.

47. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 85L has been substituted.

48. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 98L has been substituted.

49. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 2H has been substituted.

50. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 4H has been substituted.

51. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 36H has been substituted.

52. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 39H has been substituted.

53. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 43H has been substituted.

54. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 45H has been substituted.

55. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 69H has been substituted.

56. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 70H has been substituted.

57. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 74H has been substituted.

58. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 75H has been substituted.

59. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 76H has been substituted.

60. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 78H has been substituted.

61. The antibody of claim 30 wherein the residue at site 92H has been substituted.

62. A humanized antibody variable domain comprising non-human Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues which bind an antigen incorporated into a consensus human variable domain, and further comprising an amino acid substitution at a site selected from the group consisting of:

4L, 38L, 43L, 44L, 46L, 58L, 62L, 65L, 66L, 67L, 68L, 69L, 73L, 85L, 98L, 2H, 4H, 36H, 39H, 43H, 45H, 69H, 70H, 74H, 75H, 76H, 78H and 92H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

63. A humanized antibody which lacks immunogenicity compared to a non-human parent antibody upon repeated administration to a human patient in order to treat a chronic disease in that patient, wherein the humanized antibody comprises non-human Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues which bind an antigen incorporated into a human antibody variable domain, and further comprises an amino acid substitution at a site selected from the group consisting of:

4L, 38L, 43L, 44L, 46L, 58L, 62L, 65L, 66L, 67L, 68L, 69L, 73L, 85L, 98L, 2H, 4H, 36H, 39H, 43H, 45H, 69H, 70H, 74H, 75H, 76H, 78H and 92H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

65. The humanized variant of claim 63 which binds the antigen up to 3-fold more in the binding affinity than the parent antibody binds antigen.

64. A humanized variant of a non-human parent antibody which binds an antigen and comprises a human variable domain comprising the most frequently occurring amino acid residues at each location in all human immunoglobulins of a human heavy chain immunoglobulin subgroup wherein amino acid residues forming Complementarity Determining Regions (CDRs) thereof comprise non-human antibody amino acid residues, and further comprises a Framework Region (FR) substitution where the substituted FR residue:

(a) noncovalently binds antigen directly;

(b) interacts with a CDR;

(c) introduces a glycosylation site which affects the antigen binding or affinity of the antibody;

or (d) participates in the V_L-V_H interface by affecting the proximity or orientation of the V_L and V_H regions with respect to one another.

66. A humanized antibody heavy chain variable domain comprising non-human Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues which bind antigen incorporated into a human antibody variable domain, and further comprising a Framework Region (FR) amino acid substitution at a site selected from the group consisting of:

24H, 73H, 76H, 78H, and 93H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

67. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the substituted residue is the residue found at the corresponding location of the non-human antibody from which the non-human CDR amino acid residues are obtained.

68. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein no human Framework Region (FR) residue other than those set forth in the group has been substituted.

69. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the human antibody variable domain is a consensus human variable domain.

70. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the residue at site 24H has been substituted.

71. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the residue at site 73H has been substituted.

72. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the residue at site 76H has been substituted.

73. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the residue at site 78H has been substituted.

74. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 wherein the residue at site 93H has been substituted.

75. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 which further comprises an amino acid substitution at site 71H.

76. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 which further comprises amino acid substitutions at sites 71H and 73H.

77. The humanized variable domain of claim 66 which further comprises amino acid substitutions at sites 71H, 73H and 78H.

78. An antibody comprising the humanized variable domain of claim 66.

79. A humanized variant of a non-human parent antibody which binds an antigen, wherein the humanized variant comprises Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues of the non-human parent antibody incorporated into a human antibody variable domain, and further comprises Framework Region (FR) substitutions at heavy chain positions 71H, 73H, 78H and 93H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

80. A humanized antibody variable domain comprising non-human Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) amino acid residues which bind an antigen incorporated into a human antibody variable domain, and further comprising a Framework Region (FR) amino acid substitution where the substituted FR residue:

(a) noncovalently binds antigen directly;

(b) interacts with a CDR;

or

(c) participates in the V_L-V_H interface by affecting the proximity or orientation of the V_L and V_H regions with respect to one another, and wherein the substituted FR residue is at a site selected from the group consisting of;

4L, 38L, 43L, 44L, 58L, 62L, 65L, 66L, 67L, 68L, 69L, 73L, 85L, 98L, 2H, 4H, 24H, 36H, 39H, 43H, 45H, 69H, 70H, 73H, 74H, 76H, 78H, 92H and 93H, utilizing the numbering system set forth in Kabat.

81. The humanized variable domain of claim 80 wherein the substituted residue is the residue found at the corresponding location of the non-human antibody from which the non-human CDR amino acid residues are obtained.

82. The humanized variable domain of claim 80 wherein no human Framework Region (FR) residue other than those set forth in the group has been substituted.