Enhanced light extraction through the use of micro-LED arrays
First Claim
1. A light emitting diode (LED) with enhanced light extraction, comprising:
- a conductive first spreader layer;
a plurality of micro light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) separately disposed on a surface of said first spreader layer, each of said micro-LEDs comprising;
a p-type layer;
an n-type layer;
an active layer sandwiched between said p-type and n-type layers wherein either said p-type or n-type layer is a top layer and the other said layer is the bottom layer, current from said first spreader layer spreading into said bottom layer;
a second spreader layer over said micro-LEDs, current from said second spreader layer spreading into said top layer, a bias applied across said first and second spreader layers causing said micro-LEDs to emit light.
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Abstract
This invention describes new LED structures that provide increased light extraction efficiency. The new LED structures include arrays of electrically interconnected micro-LEDs that have and active layer sandwiched between two oppositely doped layer. The micro-LEDs are formed on a first spreader layer with the bottom layer of the micro-LEDs in contact with the first spreader. A second spreader layer is formed over the micro-LEDs and in contact with their top layer. The first spreader layer is electrically isolated from the second spreader layer. Each of the spreader layers has a contact and when a bias is applied across the contacts, current spreads to the micro-LEDs and they emit light. The efficiency of the new LED is increased by the increased emission surface of the micro-LEDs. Light from each of the micro-LEDs active layer will reach a surface after travelling only a short distance, reducing total internal reflection of the light. Light extraction elements (LEEs) between the micro-LEDs can be included to further enhance light extraction. The new LEDs are fabricated with standard processing techniques making them highly manufacturable at costs similar to standard LEDs.
579 Citations
38 Claims
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1. A light emitting diode (LED) with enhanced light extraction, comprising:
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a conductive first spreader layer;
a plurality of micro light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) separately disposed on a surface of said first spreader layer, each of said micro-LEDs comprising;
a p-type layer;
an n-type layer;
an active layer sandwiched between said p-type and n-type layers wherein either said p-type or n-type layer is a top layer and the other said layer is the bottom layer, current from said first spreader layer spreading into said bottom layer;
a second spreader layer over said micro-LEDs, current from said second spreader layer spreading into said top layer, a bias applied across said first and second spreader layers causing said micro-LEDs to emit light. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
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a first spreader layer;
an array of light emitting elements disposed on said first spreader layer;
a second spreader layer disposed over said array of emitting elements, said first spreader layer electrically isolated from said second spreader layer; and
first and second contacts on said first and second spreader layer respectively, a bias applied across said contacts causing said array of emitting elements to emit light. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. A light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
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a first spreader layer;
an array of micro-LEDs disposed on said first spreader layer, a current applied to said first spreader layer spreading to said micro-LEDs;
an interconnected current spreading grid disposed over said micro-LEDs, said grid having conductive paths between said micro-LEDs, a current applied to said grid spreading to said micro-LEDS. semiconductor material under said conductive paths between micro-LEDs, said semiconductor material electrically isolating said first spreader layer from said conductive paths. first and second contacts on said first and second spreader layer respectively, a bias applied across said contacts causing said array of emitting elements to emit light. - View Dependent Claims (38)
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Specification