System providing ventricular pacing and biventricular coordination

• US 6,411,848 B2
• Filed: 04/18/2001
• Issued: 06/25/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 05/21/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Stahmann, Jeffrey E., Hartley, Jesse W., Kramer, Andrew P., Wentkowski, Rene H., Baker, Kenneth L., Krig, David B.
• Primary Examiner(s): JASTRZAB, JEFFREY R
• Application Number:
  US09/837,019
• Publication Number:
  US 20010016759A1
• Time in Patent Office: 433 Days
• Field of Search: 607/9, 607/17, 607/25
• US Class Current: 607/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3621 for treating or preventing abnormally high heart rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3627 for treating a mechanical deficiency of the heart, e.g. congestive heart failure or cardiomyopathy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3682 with a variable atrioventricular delay
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/395 for treating atrial fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39622 Pacing therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3987 characterised by the timing or triggering of the shock

Abstract

A cardiac rhythm management system includes techniques for computing an indicated pacing interval, AV delay, or other timing interval. In one embodiment, a variable indicated pacing interval is computed based at least in part on an underlying intrinsic heart rate. The indicated pacing interval is used to time the delivery of biventricular coordination therapy even when ventricular heart rates are irregular, such as in the presence of atrial fibrillation. In another embodiment, a variable filter indicated AV interval is computed based at least in part on an underlying intrinsic AV interval. The indicated AV interval is used to time the delivery of atrial tracking biventricular coordination therapy when atrial heart rhythms are not arrhythmic. Other indicated timing intervals may be similarly determined. The indicated pacing interval, AV delay, or other timing interval can also be used in combination with a sensor indicated rate indicator.

Claims

1. A method, including:

obtaining atrio-ventricular (AV) intervals between atrial events and successive ventricular events;

computing a first indicated AV interval based at least on a most recent AV interval duration and a previous value of the first indicated AV interval; and

providing pacing therapy, based on the first indicated AV interval.

2. The method of claim 1, in which computing the first indicated AV interval includes differently weighting at least one of (1) the most recent AV interval duration, or (2) the previous value of the first indicated AV interval, if the most-recent AV interval is concluded by a paced beat than if the most recent AV interval is concluded by a sensed beat.

3. The method of claim 1, in which computing the first indicated AV interval includes summing a first addend based on the most recent AV interval duration and a second addend based on the previous value of the first indicated AV interval, wherein at least one of the first and second addends is different if the most recent AV interval is concluded by an intrinsic beat than if the most recent AV interval is concluded by a paced beat.

4. The method of claim 1, in which computing the first indicated AV interval (T_n) is carried out according to T_n=A·

AV_n+B·

T_n-1 where A and B are coefficients, AV_n is the most recent AV interval, and T_n-1 is the previous value of the first indicated AV interval.

5. The method of claim 4, in which computing the first indicated AV interval (T_n) is carried out according to:

T_n=A·

AV_n+B·

T_n-1 if AV_n is concluded by an intrinsic beat, otherwise is carried out according to T_n=C·

AV_n+D·

T_n-1, if AV_n is concluded by a paced beat, where C and D are coefficients.

6. The method of claim 5, in which at least one of A, B, C, and D is a function of heart rate.

7. The method of claim 1, in which computing the first indicated AV interval (T_n) is carried out according to T_n=a·

w·

AV_n+(1−

w)·

T_n-1 if AV_n is concluded by an intrinsic beat, otherwise is carried out according to T_n=b·

w·

AV_n+(1−

w)·

T<sub>n−

1</sub>, if AV_n is concluded by a paced beat, where a, b, and w are coefficients, AV_n is the most recent AV interval duration, and T_n-1 is the previous value of the first indicated AV interval.

8. The method of claim 1, in which the first indicated AV interval is limited by at least one of a maximum AV interval value and a minimum AV interval value.

9. The method of claim 1, in which providing pacing therapy is based on the first indicated AV interval if no atrial tachyarrhythmia is present, and providing pacing therapy is independent of the first indicated AV interval if atrial tachyarrhythmia is present.

10. The method of claim 1, in which computing the first indicated AV interval is also based on a remotely user-programmable parameter that corresponds to a desired degree of shortening vs. lengthening of AV interval.

11. The method of claim 1, in which computing the first indicated AV interval is also based on a goal proportion of paced ventricular beats to sensed ventricular beats.

19. The method of claim 1, in which the computing a first indicated AV interval is based on the most recent AV interval duration and a duration of the AV interval that immediately precedes the most recent AV interval.

20. The system of claim 2, in which the filter updates the first indicatedpacing interval based on a most recent AV interval provided by the AV interval timer and an immediately preceding value of the first indicated AV interval stored in the first register.

12. A cardiac rhythm management system, including:

an atrial sensing circuit;

a ventricular sensing circuit;

a controller, the controller including;

an atrio-ventricular (AV) interval timer, obtaining AV intervals between atrial events and successive ventricular events;

a first register, for storing a first indicated AV interval; and

a filter, updating the first indicated AV interval based on a most recent AV interval provided by the AV interval timer and previous value of the first indicated AV interval stored the first register; and

a ventricular therapy circuit, providing pacing therapy based at least partially on the first indicated AV interval.

13. The system of claim 12, in which the filter differently weighting at least one of (1) the most recent AV interval duration, or (2) the previous value of the first indicated AV interval, if the most recent AV interval is concluded by a paced beat than if the most recent AV interval is concluded by a sensed beat.

14. The system of claim 13, in which the filter includes coefficients A, B, C, and D, and the filter computes the first indicated AV interval (T_n) according to:

T_n=A·

AV_n+B·

T_n-1 if AV_n is concluded by an intrinsic beat, otherwise is carried out according to T_n=C·

AV_n+D·

T_n-1, if AV_n is concluded by a paced beat, where AV_n is the most recent AV interval duration and T_n-1 is the previous value of the first indicated AV interval.

15. The system of claim 12, in which the filter includes a switch that disables the filter when the atrial sensing circuit indicates that an atrial tachyarrhythmia is present.

16. The system of claim 12, including a programmer remote from and communicatively coupled to the controller, and in which the controller includes a first parameter that is programmable by the programmer, and the programmer includes an indicator based on a second parameter received from the controller.

17. The system of claim 16, in which the first indicated AV interval is also based on the remotely user-programmable first parameter, wherein the first parameter corresponds to a desired degree of shortening vs. lengthening of the AV interval.

18. The system of claim 12, in which the controller includes a goal proportion of paced ventricular beats to sensed ventricular beats, and the first indicated AV interval is also based on the goal.