Microdosing device

• US 6,416,294 B1
• Filed: 08/07/2000
• Issued: 07/09/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 01/22/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hans-Schickard-Gesellschaft, Zyrus BeteiligungsGmbH & Company Patente I KG
• Original Assignee: Han-Schickard-Gesellschaft Fur Angewandte Forschung EV
• Inventors: Hey, Nicolaus, Zengerle, Roland, Gruhler, Holger, Freygang, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): FREAY, CHARLES GRANT
• Application Number:
  US09/582,917
• Time in Patent Office: 701 Days
• Field of Search: 417/53, 417/413.2, 417/413.3
• US Class Current: 417/53
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00351 Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00378 Piezoelectric or ink jet dispensers
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0481 squeezing of channels or chambers
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/0203 Burettes, i.e. for withdrawing and redistributing liquids through different conduits
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/0268 using pulse dispensing or spraying, eg. inkjet type, piezo actuated ejection of droplets from capillaries
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/046 with piezoelectric drive
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 11/08 of the diaphragm or bellows type
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00237 Handling microquantities of analyte, e.g. microvalves, capillary networks
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/1016 Control of the volume dispensed or introduced

Abstract

A volume sensor-free microdosing device comprises a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer, an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to the changed by actuating the displacer, a media reservoir which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber, an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber, and a control mechanism. The control mechanism drives the microdosing device in such a way that a small change of volume of the pressure chamber volume is effected per unit time by a movement of the displacer from a first position to a predetermined second position, the second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than the first position, so as to suck a fluid volume into the pressure chamber, and that, in a second phase, a large volume change of the pressure chamber volume is effected per unit time by a movement of the displacer from the second position to the first position, so as to eject a defined fluid volume from the outlet opening in this way.

Claims

1. A volume sensor-free microdosing device comprising:

a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer;

an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to be changed by actuating the displacer;

a media reservoir which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber;

an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber; and

a control means for driving the microdosing device, wherein;

a first change of volume of the pressure chamber volume is effected per unit time by a movement of the displacer from a first position to a predetermined second position, the second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than the first position, thereby causing a fluid volume to be sucked into the pressure chamber; and

in a second phase, a second volume change of the pressure chamber volume, which is greater than said first volume change, is effected per unit time by a movement of the displacer from a second position to the first position, thereby causing a defined fluid volume to be ejected from the outlet.

2. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the media reservoir is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a first fluid line, and wherein the outlet opening is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a second fluid line.

3. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the actuating device in the first phase with a first signal of an edge steepness and in a second phase with a second signal of a further edge steepness wherein said further edge steepness is higher than said edge steepnes.

4. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the actuating device and the displacer are implemented in a manner which controls the displacer.

5. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 3, wherein the first signal in the first phase causes a inertia independent fluid movement in the first and second fluid lines, whereas the second signal in the second phase causes an inertia dependent fluid movement in the first and second fluid lines.

6. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber and displacer are micromechanically produced structures.

7. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 6, wherein the displacer is realized as a membrane.

8. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 6, wherein at least parts of the first and second fluid lines, the outlet opening and the pressure chamber are defined by structures in a silicon wafer and/or a pyrex glass plate connected to said silicone wafer.

9. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the displacer is a membrane, said membrane being adapted to be pretensioned by the actuating device such that it occupies a first position, and the actuating device being not fixedly connected to the membrane in such a way that, in response to an actuation of the actuating device at the beginning of the first phase, the movement of the membrane from the first position to the second position will take place only due to the restoring force of the membrane.

10. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the actuating device is a piezo-stack actuator.

11. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein an outer surround of the outlet opening is coated in hydrophobic material.

12. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet opening is formed by an array comprising a plurality of openings.

13. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, which is additionally provided with a means for generating a negative pressure in the media reservoir.

14. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the actuating device between the first and second phases in a third phase for a predetermined period of time in such a way that the displacer remains at the second position.

15. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the control means controls the actuating device in such a way that the displacer, when moving to the fist position, is initially moved beyond said first position by said actuating device prior to finally reaching said first position.

16. The volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 9, wherein the actuating device and the control means are installed in a housing in a fixed position, whereas the pressure chamber, the displacer and/or the media reservoir are adapted to be installed in the housing in a replaceable position.

17. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 9, wherein the restoring force of the membrane is dimensioned such that the negative pressure caused by said restoring force in the pressure chamber is smaller than a capillary pressure prevailing in the second fluid line.

18. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 16, which is additionally provided with a fine-adjustment device for positioning the actuating device relative to the displacer.

19. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein a force produced by the actuating device is transmitted to the displacer via a force-transmitting element.

20. A volume sensor-free microdosing device according to claim 19, wherein the force-transmitting element is a rotatably supported lever-type link for converting a force produced by the actuating device into a force acting on the displacer essentially at right angles to said force produced by the actuating device.

21. A dosing device array comprising a plurality of microdosing devices according to claim 1, said microdosing devices being arranged in juxtaposed relationship and being addressable individually.

22. A dosing device array comprising a plurality of microdosing devices according to claim 1, said microdosing devices being arranged in juxtaposed relationship and being controlled by an actuating device whose force is adapted to be distributed via a force-transmitting element to a plurality of microdosing devices simultaneously.

23. A method of calibrating a microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein, prior to the dosing operation, a ratio of a fluid amount displaced in the direction of the media reservoir during the second phase and of a fluid amount displaced in the direction of the outlet opening during said second phase is determined, and wherein during the subsequent dosing processes the fluid amount displaced in the direction of the media reservoir is compensated by a suitably modified control of the actuating device by the control means so as to cause a larger displacement by means of the displacer.

24. The use of a microdosing device according to claim 1 as a pipette, wherein the outlet opening of the pressure chamber filled with an inert fluid is immersed into a fluid to be pipetted during the first phase.