MRI guided hyperthermia surgery
First Claim
1. An apparatus comprising:
- a magnetic resonance imaging system arranged to generate an image from a sample and including a magnet to generate a magnetic field and an antenna for detecting radio frequency signals from the sample;
a member located within and arranged to be moved within the magnetic field;
and a motor having a drive coupling thereto for driving movement of the member, the motor including an element for generating a motive force for the motor;
the motor including no ferro-magnetic components such that it is usable in the magnetic field;
and the motor and the drive coupling being shielded by a surrounding conductor to prevent interference with the radio frequency signals.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An MRI guided surgical apparatus includes a heat source formed by a laser and an optical fiber carrying the heat energy into a part to be coagulated by hyperthermia with an end reflector to direct the energy in a beam to one side of the fiber end. The fiber includes a reinforcing sleeve along its length to prevent bending and twisting. The sleeve is mounted in a shielded, Piezo-electric motor which causes movement of the fiber longitudinally of its axis to move the end within the part and rotation of the fiber about its axis to cause the beam to rotate about the axis. A rigid elongate cannula is arranged for insertion to a position at the part of the patient having a bore for receiving a portion of the fiber adjacent the outlet end in sliding engagement therein such that the end can pass through the cannula into engagement with the part of the patient. A part of the sleeve projecting beyond the cannula is rigid and a further part connecting to the motor is stiff but less rigid. A magnetic resonance imaging system is arranged to generate a series of output signals over a period of time representative of temperature in the part as the temperature of the part changes during that time. The heat source is controlled in heat energy applied and location and orientation of the beam to continue the heating at a respective area in the part until the temperature at a selected location in the part normally at the boundary of a tumor reaches the required hyperthermic temperature as monitored whereupon the heating in the area is halted.
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Citations
36 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
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a magnetic resonance imaging system arranged to generate an image from a sample and including a magnet to generate a magnetic field and an antenna for detecting radio frequency signals from the sample;
a member located within and arranged to be moved within the magnetic field;
and a motor having a drive coupling thereto for driving movement of the member, the motor including an element for generating a motive force for the motor;
the motor including no ferro-magnetic components such that it is usable in the magnetic field;
and the motor and the drive coupling being shielded by a surrounding conductor to prevent interference with the radio frequency signals. - View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. An apparatus for laser treatment on a part of a patient comprising:
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an optical fiber having an inlet end and an outlet end;
a laser source for supplying light energy into the fiber at the inlet end;
a light deflector at the outlet end for directing the light in a beam at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the fiber at the outlet end such that a first rotation of the fiber about the axis causes the beam to rotate about the axis;
a rigid elongate cannula arranged for insertion into the part of the patient;
the cannula having a bore arranged for receiving a portion of the fiber adjacent the outlet end extending therethrough such that the end can pass through the cannula into engagement with the part of the patient;
a drive assembly for causing a first longitudinal movement of the fiber relative to the cannula along its length and for causing a second rotational movement of the fiber about its axis the fiber having a reinforcing sleeve member surrounding and attached to a portion of the fiber adjacent the outlet end, the sleeve member holding the fiber against lateral bending during said longitudinal movement and against torsional twisting during said rotational movement. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5)
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6. A method for effecting treatment in a patient comprising:
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identifying a volume in the patient the whole of which volume is to be heated to a required temperature, the volume being defined by a peripheral surface of the volume;
providing a heat source and applying heat to the volume within the patient by;
providing the heat source on an invasive probe having a longitudinal axis;
inserting the probe into the volume;
arranging the probe to cause directing of heat in a direction at an angle to the longitudinal axis such that a heating effect of the probe lies in a disk surrounding the axis;
and arranging the direction of the heat so as to define a heating zone which forms a limited angular orientation of heating within the disk such that, as the probe is rotated, the probe causes heating of different angularly separate zones of the volume within the disk;
operating a non-invasive detection system to generate a series of output signals over a period of time representative of temperature in the patient as the temperature of the patient changes during that time;
using the output signals to monitor the temperature at the peripheral surface of the volume as the temperature changes over the period of time;
with the probe at a fixed axial position, rotating the probe about the axis so that the heating zone lies at a first angular position to define a first heating zone;
using a measure of the temperature at that part of the peripheral surface of the volume in the first zone as the determining factor as to when to halt heating by the probe to the first zone;
subsequently rotating the probe about the axis so that the heating zone lies in at a second angular position to define a second heating zone;
and using a measure of the temperature at that part of the peripheral surface of the volume in the second zone as the determining factor as to when to halt heating by the probe to the second zone. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. An apparatus for effecting treatment of a patient comprising:
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a heat source arranged to apply heat to the volume within the patient including;
an invasive probe having a longitudinal axis;
the probe being arranged to cause directing of heat in a direction at an angle to the longitudinal axis such that a heating effect of the probe lies in a disk surrounding the axis;
the probe being arranged such that the direction of the heat defines a heating zone which forms a limited angular orientation of heating within the disk such that, as the probe is rotated, the probe causes heating of different angularly separate zones of the volume within the disk;
a drive assembly for driving movement of the probe;
a non-invasive detection system arranged;
to provide entry and storage of a definition of a peripheral surface of the volume within the patient;
to generate a series of output signals over a period of time representative of temperature in the patient at the peripheral surface of the volume as the temperature changes during that time;
and a probe control system arranged, with the probe at a fixed axial position;
to rotate the probe about the axis so that the heating zone lies at a first angular position to define a first heating zone;
to use a measure of the temperature at that part of the peripheral surface of the volume in the first zone as the determining factor as to when to halt-heating by the probe to the first zone;
subsequently to rotate the probe about the axis so that the heating zone lies in at a second angular position to define a second heating zone;
and to use a measure of the temperature at that part of the peripheral surface of the volume in the second zone as the determining factor as to when to halt heating by the probe to the second zone. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. An apparatus for effecting treatment of a patient comprising:
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a heat source arranged to apply heat to the volume within the patient including;
a drive assembly for driving movement of the heat source;
a magnetic resonance imaging system arranged to generate an image from the patient and including a magnet to generate a magnetic field and an antenna for detecting radio frequency signals from the patient;
the drive assembly including a motor having a drive coupling thereto for driving movement of the member;
the motor including substantially no ferro-magnetic components such that it is usable in the magnetic field;
and the motor and the drive coupling being shielded by a surrounding conductor to prevent interference with the radio frequency signals. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
an invasive probe having a longitudinal axis;
the probe being arranged to cause directing of heat in a direction at an angle to the longitudinal axis such that a heating effect of the probe lies in a disk surrounding the axis;
the probe being arranged such that the direction of the heat defines a heating zone which forms a limited angular orientation of heating within the disk;
the probe being rotatable by the drive assembly about the axis so that the heating zone, as the probe is rotated, causes heating of different angular segments within the disk;
and the probe being movable by the drive assembly axially within the volume so as to move the disk of the heating effect axially within the volume from a first disk position to second disk position.
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25. The apparatus according to claim 24 wherein the heat source comprises a laser, an optical fiber for communicating light from the laser, a mounting for the optical fiber allowing invasive insertion of an end of the fiber forming the probe into the volume and a light directing element at an end of the fiber for directing the light from the laser to a predetermined direction relative to the fiber.
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26. The apparatus according to claim 25 wherein the fiber has a reinforcing sleeve member surrounding and attached to a portion of the fiber adjacent the outlet end, the sleeve member being driven to effect longitudinal movement and rotational movement of the fiber and holding the fiber against lateral bending during said longitudinal movement and against torsional twisting during said rotational movement.
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27. The apparatus according to claim 26 wherein the drive assembly includes a first driven member rotatable about an axis and a reciprocating drive element for driving the driven member and wherein the driven member includes a tube arranged to receive the sleeve member therethrough, the sleeve member and tube being shaped such that rotation of the driven member causes rotation of the sleeve member and the tube about the axis while allowing longitudinal movement of the sleeve member relative to the tube.
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28. The apparatus according to claim 27 wherein the drive assembly includes a second driven member which has a female threaded bore therein and wherein the fiber and sleeve member has attached thereto a screw engaging the bore such that rotation of the second driven member about the axis causes the screw to effect movement of the sleeve member longitudinally along the axis.
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29. The apparatus according to claim 28 wherein the first driven member comprises a first disk and the second driven member comprises a second disk parallel to the first disk.
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30. The apparatus according to claim 29 wherein the first and second driven members are each driven by a piezo-electric motor.
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31. An apparatus for effecting treatment of a patient comprising:
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an optical fiber having an inlet end and an outlet end;
a laser source for supplying light energy into the fiber at the inlet end;
a light deflector at the outlet end for directing the light in a beam at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the fiber at the outlet end such that a first rotation of the fiber about the axis causes the beam to rotate about the axis;
a drive assembly spaced from the end of the fiber for causing a first longitudinal movement of the fiber along its length and for causing a second rotational movement of the fiber about its axis;
the fiber having a stiff reinforcing sleeve member surrounding and attached to a portion of the fiber adjacent the outlet end, the sleeve member engaging the drive assembly so as to receive said longitudinal movement and rotational movement therefrom and holding the fiber against lateral bending during said longitudinal movement and against torsional twisting during said rotational movement to communicate said movement from the drive assembly to the end of the fiber. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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Specification