Hybrid fiber/coax video and telephony communication

• US 6,418,558 B1
• Filed: 07/23/1997
• Issued: 07/09/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 09/26/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: HTC Corporation
• Original Assignee: ADC Telecommunications Incorporated (TE Connectivity Limited)
• Inventors: Roberts, Harold A., Russell, David S., Nelson, Calvin G., Brede, Jeffrey, Chiappetta, Joseph F., Samant, Niranjan R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Faile, Andrew
• Assistant Examiner(s): BROWN, RUEBEN M
• Application Number:
  US08/899,222
• Time in Patent Office: 1,812 Days
• Field of Search: 375/222, 348/127, 455/5.1, 455/4.2, 455/3.1, 370/486, 370/487, 370/493, 370/494, 725/105-129
• US Class Current: 725/129
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/14 Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations , e.g. Laplace, Hilbert, Karhunen-Loeve, transforms for correlation function computation G06F17/156; spectrum analysers G01R23/16
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/142 Fast Fourier transforms, e.g. using a Cooley-Tukey type algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/1515 Reed-Solomon codes
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/356 Unequal error protection [UEP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/272 Star-type networks or tree-type networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/69 Optical systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/77 using carrier waves
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/78 CATV [Community Antenna Television] systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/79 using downlink of the CATV systems, e.g. audio broadcast via CATV network
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/80 having frequencies in two or more frequency bands, e.g. medium wave and VHF
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/11 Arrangements for counter-measures when a portion of broadcast information is unavailable
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/86 accessed over CATV networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/96 CATV systems for accessing the Internet H04H60/86
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/97 using uplink of the CATV systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0298 with sub-carrier multiplexing [SCM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/14 Monitoring arrangements for SDH/SONET rings H04J3/085
• CPC Class Codes: H04K 1/00 Secret communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04K 3/226 Selection of non-jammed channel for communication spectrum sharing arrangements H04W16/14; selection of wireless resources by user or terminal H04W72/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04K 3/255 based on redundancy of transmitted data, transmission path or transmitting source
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/004 by using forward error control H04L1/0618 takes precedence; coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or correction H03M13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0045 : Arrangements at the receiver end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0057 : Block codes H04L1/0061, H04L1/0064 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0071 : Use of interleaving interleaving per se H03M13/27
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/24 : Testing correct operation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/10 : Current supply arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/12 : Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2801 : Broadband local area networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/44 : Star or tree networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2001/0093 : Point-to-multipoint
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2027/0036 : using a recovered symbol clock
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2027/0057 : quadrature phase
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2027/0067 : Phase error detectors
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03866 : using scrambling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2601 : Multicarrier modulation systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2614 : Peak power aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2631 : with polyphase implementation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2634 : Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2647 : Arrangements specific to the receiver only equalisation H04L27/01
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2652 : with polyphase implementation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2655 : Synchronisation arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2657 : Carrier synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2662 : Symbol synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/34 : Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0213 : Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/064 : involving time analysis
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0896 : Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities flow or congestion control using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation, H04L47/76
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/00 : Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/022 : by sampling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/067 : using time frame reporting
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0811 : by checking connectivity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0817 : by checking functioning
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0823 : Errors, e.g. transmission errors
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0829 : Packet loss
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0847 : Transmission error
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0852 : Delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0858 : One way delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0864 : Round trip delays
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0882 : Utilisation of link capacity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/16 : Threshold monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0007 : the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0037 : Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0044 : allocation of payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/023 : Multiplexing of multicarrier modulation signals multicarrier modulation H04L27/2601
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/14 : Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/143 : for modulated signals H04L5/1469 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/1484 : operating bytewise
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 7/006 : Networks other than PSTN/ISDN providing telephone service, e.g. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) , including next generation networks with a packet-switched transport layer H04L65/00 takes precedence; aspects not specific to the type of network H04M3/00; special services in those networks H04M3/42
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 9/027 : Frequency division multiplex systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2221 : being a cable television head-end CATV in broadcast systems H04H20/78
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2383 : Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by adapting the channel coding H04L1/0009; analogue front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2385 : Channel allocation H04N21/266 takes precedence; Bandwidth allocation H04N21/24 takes precedence ; allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users in time-division multiplex systems H04J3/1682; admission control, resource allocation in open networks H04L12/5692; arrangements for maintenance or administration in data switching networks involving bandwidth and capacity management H04L41/0896; negotiating bandwidth in wireless networks H04W28/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2402 : Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available traffic monitoring in data switching networks H04L43/00; monitoring data switching networks utilization H04L43/0876
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4382 : Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation analog front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6118 : involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6137 : involving transmission via a telephone network, e.g. POTS
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/6168 : involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/17309 : Transmission or handling of upstream communications
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/22 : Adaptations for optical transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/00 : Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/08 : Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/50 : in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Abstract

A video and telephony signal distribution network is provided. The network includes a head end for transmitting to a plurality of remote units. The network further includes at least one optical/electrical converter unit that transmits to the remote units over at least two coaxial cables coupled to a common optical/electrical converter unit. Each remote unit transmits upstream electrical data signals over its associated coaxial cable to the optical/electrical converter unit using a common bandwidth. The optical/electrical converter unit converts and frequency shifts the upstream electrical data signals from at least one remote unit to form an optical upstream data signal for transmittal to the head end such that the frequency spectrum used for the upstream communications is simultaneously used on each of the coaxial cables of to optical/electrical converter unit.

Claims

1. A video and telephony signal distribution network, the network comprising:

a head end for transmitting video and telephony information to a plurality of remote units, said remote units having means for receiving said video and telephony information, said head end including;

a first distribution terminal including means for transmitting an optical downstream telephony signal on at least one optical fiber and means for receiving an optical upstream data signal, and

a second distribution terminal including means, separate from said first distribution terminal transmitting means, for transmitting an optical downstream video signal on an optical fiber line;

at least one optical/electrical converter unit, said optical/electrical converter unit including means for receiving said optical downstream video signal and means for receiving said optical downstream telephony signal, each of said optical/electrical converter units for converting said optical down stream video signal and said optical down stream telephony signal into at least two downstream electrical output signals; and

at least one coaxial distribution system including at least two coaxial cables coupled to a common optical/electrical converter unit, said coaxial distribution system for transmission of said at least two downstream electrical output signals from said at least one optical/electrical converter unit to at least two of said plurality of remote units, each remote unit having means for transmitting upstream electrical data signals generated and said remote units via said at least one coaxial distribution system to an optical/electrical converter unit connected thereto with a common bandwidth, said at least one optical/electrical converter unit including means for converting and frequency shifting said upstream electrical data signals from at least one remote unit to form an optical upstream data signal for transmittal of said optical upstream data signal to said head end such that the frequency spectrum used for said upstream electrical converter units is simultaneously used on each of the coaxial cables.

2. The network according to claim 1, wherein said first distribution terminal transmitting means includes at least two optical transmitters for transmitting said optical downstream telephony signals on an optical fiber for each optical transmitter, only one optical transmitter transmitting during any one period of time, and wherein said second distribution terminal transmitting means includes a single optical transmitter for transmitting said optical downstream video signal on said optical fiber line.

3. The network according to claim 1, wherein said optical downstream video signal includes analog information, said information applied to said second distribution terminal at a frequency which is the same as the frequency at which it is transmitted.

4. The network according to claim 1, wherein said first distribution terminal transmitting means includes means for transmitting said optical downstream telephony signal in a first frequency bandwidth to said optical/electrical converter unit;

wherein said second distribution terminal transmitting means optically pipelines said video information to said optical/electrical converter unit in a second frequency bandwidth;

wherein said means for transmitting upstream electrical data signals transmit said upstream electrical data signals over said coaxial distribution system to said optical/electrical converter unit connected thereto in a third frequency bandwidth reused by each remote unit, said upstream electrical data signals transmitted over at least two coaxial distribution cables of said coaxial distribution system from separate remote units; and

wherein said optical/electrical converter unit includes means for frequency shifting said upstream electrical data signals transmitted in the third frequency bandwidth reused by the remote units and means for combining the frequency shifted upstream electrical data signals for transmittal to said head end as said optical upstream data signal in a fourth frequency bandwidth which includes at least said third frequency bandwidth.

5. The network according to claim 1, wherein said at least one optical/electrical converter unit includes means for frequency shifting said upstream electrical data signals transmitted at a reused frequency bandwidth by a plurality of remote units and received by said optical/electrical converter unit and means for combining the frequency shifted upstream electrical data signals for transmittal to said head end as said optical upstream data signal in a predetermined frequency bandwidth which includes said reused frequency bandwidth.

6. The network according to claim 1, wherein said head end further includes means for converting said optical upstream data signal, means for splitting and frequency downshifting said converted upstream data signal into downshifted upstream electrical data signals in said reused frequency bandwidth.

7. The network according to claim 6, wherein said first distribution terminal includes a plurality of modem modules for transmitting and receiving said telephony information, each modem module for providing said telephony information to said first distribution terminal transmitting means for transmittal to said optical/electrical converter unit in a separate frequency bandwidth;

and switch means for providing the frequency downshifted upstream electrical data signals from said splitting and frequency downshifting means to a corresponding modem module of said plurality of modem modules.

8. The network according to claim 6, wherein said first distribution terminal includes a plurality of modem modules for receiving and transmitting said telephony information, each modem module for providing said telephony information to said first distribution terminal transmitting means for transmittal to said optical/electrical converter unit in a separate frequency bandwidth, said head end including controller means for assigning each modem module a receiving frequency corresponding to the separate frequency bandwidth which said modem module uses for providing said telephony information to said distribution terminal transmitting means.

9. The network according to claim 1, wherein the first distribution terminal means includes:

at least one modem modules for transmitting and receiving said telephony information, each of said at least one modem module providing for transmission in a separate frequency bandwidth;

at least one protection modem module;

controller means for controlling substitution of said at least one protection modem module for one of said at least one modem module when a fault in one of said at least one modem module is detected.

10. A video and telephony signal distribution network, the network comprising:

a head end including means for transmitting optical downstream video and telephony signals on at least one optical fiber in a first frequency bandwidth and means for receiving an optical upstream data signal;

at least one optical/electrical converter unit, said optical/electrical converter unit including means for receiving said optical downstream video and telephony signals and means for converting said optical downstream video and telephony signals into a plurality of downstream electrical output signals;

a coaxial distribution system having a plurality of coaxial cable portions, each coaxial cable portion for transmission of one of said downstream electrical output signals for said at least one optical/electrical converter unit to at least one service unit connected to at least one remote unit, said service unit including means for transmitting upstream electrical data signals generated at said remote units via said coaxial cable portion of said coaxial distribution system to an optical/electrical converter unit connected thereto in a second frequency bandwidth, said second frequency bandwidth reused for transmission by each coaxial cable portion, said at least one optical/electrical converter unit including means for receiving said upstream electrical data signals from a plurality of service units and means for convert and frequency shifting said upstream electrical data signals for transmittal as said optical upstream data signal to said head end such that the frequency spectrum used for said upstream electrical converter units is simultaneously used on each of the coaxial cable portions.

11. The network according to claim 10, wherein said means for converting said upstream electrical data signals for transmittal as said optical upstream data signal includes:

means for frequency shifting said upstream electrical data signals transmitted in said reused second frequency bandwidth by a plurality of coaxial cable portions; and

means for combining the frequency shifted upstream electrical data signals for transmittal to said head end as said optical upstream data signal in a predetermined frequency bandwidth which includes said reused second frequency bandwidth.

12. The network according to claim 11, wherein said head end includes:

means for converting said optical upstream data signal;

means for splitting said converted upstream data signal;

means for frequency downshifting said split upstream data signal into downshifted upstream data signals in said reused second frequency bandwidths;

a plurality of modem modules for transmitting said telephony information, each modem module providing for downstream transmission of said telephony information in a separate frequency bandwidth within said first frequency bandwidth; and

switch means for providing the frequency downshifted upstream data signals from said downshifting means to a corresponding modem module of said plurality of modem modules.

13. The network according to claim 11, wherein said head end includes a plurality of modem modules for receiving and transmitting said telephony information, each modem module providing for downstream transmission of said telephony information in a separate frequency bandwidth within said first frequency bandwidth, said head end including controller means for assigning each modem module a receiving frequency as a function of the separate frequency bandwidth in which said modem module provides for downstream transmission of said telephony information.

14. The network according to claim 10, wherein said head end includes:

at least one modem module for transmitting and receiving said telephony information, each of said at least one modem module providing for transmission of said telephony information in a separate frequency bandwidth;

at least one protection module; and

controller means for controlling substitution of said at least one protection modem module for one of said at least one modem module when a fault in one of said at least one modem module is detected.

15. A network according to claim 10, wherein said service unit is a multiple user service unit for providing telephony information to a certain plurality of said remote units.

16. A network according to claim 15, wherein said video information is transmitted via a separate coaxial line to any of said certain plurality of said remote units.

17. A hybrid fiber/coax communication system, comprising:

ahead end;

at least one optical distribution node communicatively coupled with the head end over a plurality of optical fibers and communicatively coupled with a plurality of remote users over at least two coaxial cables; and

the at least one optical distribution node comprising;

at least two diplex filters, each of the at least two diplex filters coupled to a respective one of the at least two coaxial cables;

a down stream receiver, coupled to the head end over the plurality of optical fibers, the down stream receiver further coupled to the diplex filters to provide signals from the head end to the remote users over the at least two coaxial cables;

at least one frequency shifter, coupled to at least one of the at least two diplex filters, the at least one frequency shifter adapted to shift upstream signals from one of the at least two coaxial cables in frequency such that the at least two coaxial cables are operable simultaneously to use the same frequency spectrum for upstream transmissions;

a combiner, coupled to at least one of the diplex filters and the at least one frequency shifter; and

an upstream transmitter coupled to the combiner to provide upstream transmissions to the head end over the fiber optic cables.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the at least one diplex filter comprises four diplex filters coupled to four coaxial cables.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the frequency shifter comprises a frequency shifter that is configured to shift the upstream signals from a first frequency band below 50 MHz to a second frequency band above 50 MHz.

20. A hybrid fiber/coax communication system, comprising:

a head end;

at least one optical distribution node communicatively coupled with the head end over a plurality of optical fibers and communicatively coupled with a plurality of remote users over at least two coaxial cables;

the at least one optical distribution node comprising;

at least two diplex filters, each of the at least two diplex filters coupled to a respective one of the at least two coaxial cables;

a down stream receiver, coupled to the head end over the plurality of optical fibers, the down stream receiver further coupled to the diplex filters to provide signals from the head end to the remote users over the at least two coaxial cables;

at least one frequency shifter, coupled to at least one of the at least two diplex filters, the at least one frequency shifter adapted to shift upstream signals from one of the at least two coaxial cables in frequency such that the at least two coaxial cables are operable simultaneously to use the same frequency spectrum for upstream transmissions;

a combiner, coupled to at least one of the diplex filters and the at least one frequency shifter;

an upstream transmitter coupled to the combiner to provide upstream transmissions to the head end over the fiber optic cables; and

wherein the at least two coaxial cables comprises N coaxial cables and the at least one frequency shifter comprises N−

1 frequency shifters.

21. The hybrid fiber/coax communication system of claim 20, wherein the frequency shifter comprises a frequency shifter that is configured to shift the upstream signals from a first frequency band below 50 MHz to a second frequency band above 50 MHz.

22. An optical distribution node for a hybrid fiber/coax communication system, the distribution node comprising;

at least two diplex filters, each of the at least two diplex filters configured to be coupled to a respective one of at least two coaxial cables;

a down stream receiver including an input configured to be coupled to a head end over a plurality of optical fibers, the down stream receiver further coupled to the at least two diplex filters to provide signals from the head end to remote users over the at least two coaxial cables;

at least one frequency shifter, adapted to be coupled to at least one of the at least two diplex filters, the at least one frequency shifter adapted to shift upstream signals from one of the at least two coaxial cables in frequency such that the at least two coaxial cables are operable simultaneously to use the same frequency spectrum for upstream transmissions;

a combiner, coupled to at least one of the diplex filters and the at least one frequency shifter; and

an upstream transmitter coupled to the combiner and having an output adapted to provide upstream transmissions to the head end over fiber optic cables.

23. The node of claim 22, wherein the at least one diplex filter comprises four diplex filters adapted to be coupled to four coaxial cables.

24. The node of claim 22, wherein the frequency shifter comprises a frequency shifter that is configured to shift the upstream signals from a first frequency band below 50 MHz to a second frequency band above 50 MHz.

25. An optical distribution node for a hybrid fiber/coax communication system, the distribution node comprising:

at least two diplex filters, each of the at least two diplex filters configured to be coupled to a respective one of at least two coaxial cables;

a down stream receiver including an input configured to be coupled to a head end over a plurality of optical fibers, the down stream receiver further coupled to the at least two diplex filters to provide signals from the head end to remote users over the at least two coaxial cables;

at least one frequency shifter, adapted to be coupled to at least one of the at least two diplex filters, the at least one frequency shifter adapted to shift upstream signals from one of the at least two coaxial cables in frequency such that the at least two coaxial cables are operable simultaneously to use the same frequency spectrum for upstream transmissions;

a combiner, coupled to at least one of the diplex filters and the at least one frequency shifter;

an upstream transmitter coupled to the combiner and having an output adapted to provide upstream transmissions to the head end over fiber optic cables; and

wherein the at least two coaxial cables comprises N coaxial cables and the at least one frequency shifter comprises N−

1 frequency shifters.

26. The optical distribution node of claim 25, wherein the frequency shifter comprises a frequency shifter that is configured to shift the upstream signals from a first frequency band below 50 MHz to a second frequency band above 50 MHz.

27. A method for communicating data upstream in a hybrid fiber/coax communication system, the method comprising:

receiving signals from a plurality of users on at least two coaxial cables;

shifting signal received on at least one of the at least two coaxial cables in frequency;

passing signals on at least one of the at least two coaxial cables without frequency shifting;

combining the shifted signal and the passed signals; and

transmitting the combined signals to a head end so as to allow the at least two coaxial cables to be operable simultaneously to use the same frequency spectrum for upstream transmissions.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein receiving the signals comprises receiving signals on four coaxial cables.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein shifting signals comprises shifting signals received on N coaxial cables and passing signals comprises passing signals received on one coaxial cable.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein transmitting the signals comprises transmitting the signals to the head end over a coaxial cable.

31. An optical distribution node for a hybrid fiber/coax network, the optical distribution node including:

a downstream head end port;

a plurality of coaxial cable ports;

a plurality of diplexers, each diplexer coupled to one of the plurality of coaxial cable ports;

a down stream data path coupled between the head end port and each of the plurality of coaxial cable ports;

an upstream head end port;

a combiner coupled to the upstream head end port;

wherein one of the diplexers is coupled to the combiner; and

a plurality of frequency shifters coupled between the other of the plurality of diplexers and the combiner such that signals on all but one of the at least two coaxial cables are shifted in frequency in the upstream to allow signals from each of the coaxial cables to simultaneously share the same frequency spectrum in the upstream path.