Method and apparatus for signal transmission and detection using a contact device

• US 6,423,001 B1
• Filed: 04/06/2001
• Issued: 07/23/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 09/04/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Geelux Holdings, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Marcio Marc Abreu
• Inventors: Abreu, Marcio Marc
• Primary Examiner(s): HINDENBURG, MAX F
• Application Number:
  US09/827,325
• Publication Number:
  US 20020049374A1
• Time in Patent Office: 473 Days
• Field of Search: 600/399, 600/400, 600/404, 600/405, 600/558, 600/561, 600/584, 604/19
• US Class Current: 600/405
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0219 of externally powered implanted units
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0252 using ambient temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0418 Pen-shaped housings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0238 Optical sensor arrangements for performing transmission measurements on body tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1241 specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/16 for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/031 Intracranial pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14539 for measuring pH
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14555 specially adapted for the eye fundus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1486 using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/18 for vehicle drivers or machine operators
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/411 Detecting or monitoring allergy or intolerance reactions to an allergenic agent or substance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/416 the spleen
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/445 Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6814 : Head
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6821 : Eye
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 : Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/56 : Details of data transmission or power supply
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/0017 : implantable in, or in contact with, the eye, e.g. ocular inserts
• CPC Class Codes: G02C 11/10 : Electronic devices other than hearing aids
• CPC Class Codes: G02C 7/04 : Contact lenses for the eyes disinfection or sterilisation of contact lenses A61L12/00

Abstract

Utilization of a contact device placed on the front part of the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals preferably being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the front part of the eye and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system preferably utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device. The signal can be communicated by cable, but is preferably actively or passively radio telemetered to an externally placed receiver. The signal can then be processed, analyzed and stored. Several parameters can be detected including a complete non-invasive analysis of blood components, measurement of systemic and ocular blood flow, measurement of heart rate and respiratory rate, tracking operations, detection of ovulation, detection of radiation and drug effects, diagnosis of ocular and systemic disorders and the like. Other advantages are somnolence awareness, activation of devices by disabled individuals, a new drug delivery system and new therapy for ocular and neurologic disorders, and treatment of cancer in the eye or other parts of the body, and an evaluation system for the overall health status of an individual. The device quantifies non-invasively the amount of the different chemical components in the blood using a contact device with suitable electrodes and membranes laying on the surface of the eye and in direct contact with the tear film or surface of the eye, with the data being preferably transmitted utilizing radio waves, but alternatively sound waves, light waves, wire, or telephone lines can be used for transmission.

Claims

1. A device for placement in contact with a cornea of an eye, said device comprising:

a contact device having an inner concave surface shaped to contact an outer surface of the cornea,

a sensor mounted in the contact device for measuring an intraoccular pressure of the cornea and generating a signal indicative of the measured pressure, and

a transmitter mounted in the contact device for transmitting the signal to a remote receiver indicative of the measured pressure of the cornea.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitter is a radio frequency transmitter.

3. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a remote receiver receives the transmitted signal and stores the signal for analysis.

4. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a power source is included in the contact device for powering the transmitter.

5. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an external power source powers the transmitter from a remote location.

6. A method of measuring an intraoccular pressure of a cornea of an eye, said method comprising the steps of:

mounting a contact device having an inner contact surface on an outer surface of the cornea,

artificially elevating intraoccular pressure, and

measuring flow drainage of fluid from the eye by a sensor mounted in the contact device, and

transmitting a signal indicative of rate of fluid flow from the eye over a time period to a receiver remote from the eye.

7. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the intraoccular pressure is elevated by blinking.

8. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the signal is transmitted by a radio frequency transmitter.

9. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein a power source is included in the contact device for powering the transmitter.

10. A method as claimed in claim 8, wherein an external power source powers the transmitter from a remote location.