Magnetic bearing system and method of controlling magnetic bearing system

• US 6,429,561 B1
• Filed: 06/07/2000
• Issued: 08/06/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: VEGA Grieshaber KG (Grieshaber Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH), Mainstream Engineering Coporation
• Original Assignee: Mainstream Engineering Coporation
• Inventors: Hung, John, Davis, Russell W., Back, Dwight D., Cole, Gregory S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Waks, Joseph
• Application Number:
  US09/588,474
• Time in Patent Office: 790 Days
• Field of Search: 310/90.5, 310/68.B, 318/607, 318/721
• US Class Current: 310/90.5
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 32/0444 Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets

Abstract

A method for controlling magnetic bearings is disclosed. More specifically, this method moves the rotor position setpoint away from the center point between two opposing bearings and closer to one of the bearings. Assuming the force on the rotor is unidirectional, the bearings will be more stable and will be able to exert more force on the rotor. The bearings require less current, thereby allowing for the reduction of the winding size, and the power consumption of the bearing is decreased. The movement of the shaft in one direction or the other necessitates adaptive control, or the alteration of the dynamic control algorithm to maintain optimal performance by accounting for different system stability requirements.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a magnetic bearing system including two opposing magnetic bearings, a center, a rotor disposed between the two opposing magnetic bearings, and a rotor position setpoint, the method comprising keeping the setpoint closer to one of the magnetic bearings that has a higher current than it is to the other magnetic bearing.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic bearing system includes at least two magnet pairs.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetic bearings are dynamically controlled, and the dynamically controlled magnetic bearings operate independently.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the dynamic control is effected by an adaptive linear control algorithm having linear control algorithm parameters.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the adaptive linear control algorithm parameters vary with the setpoint.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein the adaptive linear control algorithm is selected from the group consisting of PID, PI and PD.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic bearing with a higher current is determined by a process variable selected from the group consisting of the rotor speed or frequency, the magnetic bearing current, a thermodynamic property of the system fluid, a hydrodynamic property of system fluid, an aerodynamic property of the system, and a system force.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising varying a bias current in accordance with the change of the setpoint.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic bearing system is installed in a centrifugal compressor.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic bearing system is installed in high speed rotating equipment.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the high speed rotating equipment is selected from the group consisting of a compressor, a blower, an expander, a motor, a turbine, and a gyroscope.

12. The method of claim 1 comprising keeping the setpoint as close as possible to the magnetic bearing that has a higher current while avoiding zero bearing current.

13. The method of claim 1 comprising varying the position of the setpoint so that the magnetic bearings exert a force on the rotor that is greater than a force that can be exerted by the magnetic bearings for the same magnetic bearing currents when the setpoint is at the center.

14. The method of claim 1 comprising varying the position of the setpoint so that magnetic bearing currents required to exert a force on the rotor is less than magnetic bearing currents required to exert the same force on the rotor when the setpoint is at the center.

15. The method of claim 1 comprising varying the position of the setpoint so that power consumed by the magnetic bearings to exert a given force on the rotor is less than power consumed by the magnetic bearings to exert the same given force on the rotor when the setpoint is at the center.

16. The method of claim 1 comprising varying the position of the setpoint to increase the range of system stability.

17. The method of claim 1 comprising varying the position of the setpoint to increase the range of linear operation.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the magnetic bearings comprises a radial bearing.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the magnetic bearings comprises an axial bearing.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the magnetic bearings comprises a conical bearing.

21. A magnetic bearing system comprising:

two opposing magnetic bearings;

a center between the two magnetic bearings;

a rotor disposed between the two opposing magnetic bearings;

a rotor position setpoint; and

a controller for controlling rotor position, wherein the controller is configured to keep the setpoint closer to one of the magnetic bearings that has a higher current than it is to the other magnetic bearing.

22. The system of claim 21 wherein the magnetic bearing with a higher current is determined by a process variable selected from the group consisting of the rotor speed or frequency, the magnetic bearing current, a thermodynamic property of the system fluid, a hydrodynamic property of system fluid, an aerodynamic property of the system, and a system force.

23. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller is configured to vary a bias current in accordance with the change of the setpoint.

24. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller uses an adaptive linear control algorithm having linear control algorithm parameters.

25. The system of claim 24 wherein the adaptive linear control algorithm parameters vary with the setpoint.

26. The system of claim 24 wherein the adaptive linear control algorithm is selected from the group consisting of PID, PI and PD.

27. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller is configured to keep the setpoint as close as possible to the magnetic bearing that has a higher current while avoiding zero bearing current.

28. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller is configured to vary the position of the setpoint so that the magnetic bearings exert a force on the rotor that is greater than a force that can be exerted by the magnetic bearings for the same magnetic bearing currents when the setpoint is at the center.

29. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller is configured to vary the position of the setpoint so that magnetic bearing currents required to exert a force on the rotor is less than magnetic bearing currents required to exert the same force on the rotor when the setpoint is at the center.

30. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller is configured to vary the position of the setpoint so that power consumed by the magnetic bearings to exert a given force on the rotor is less than power consumed by the magnetic bearings to exert the same given force on the rotor when the setpoint is at the center.

31. The system of claim 21 wherein the controller is configured to vary the position of the setpoint to maximize the range of system stability.

32. The system of claim 21, wherein at least one of the magnetic bearings comprises a radial bearing.

33. The system of claim 21, wherein at least one of the magnetic bearings comprises an axial bearing.

34. The system of claim 21, wherein at least one of the magnetic bearings comprises a conical bearing.