Driver circuit with output common mode voltage control

• US 6,429,700 B1
• Filed: 04/17/2001
• Issued: 08/06/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 04/17/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Yang, Jungwook
• Primary Examiner(s): Wells, Kenneth B.
• Application Number:
  US09/836,153
• Time in Patent Office: 476 Days
• Field of Search: 327/65-67, 327/77, 327/87, 327/89, 327/563, 330/252, 330/253, 330/258, 330/260
• US Class Current: 327/108
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45401 the common mode controlling loop [CMCL] comprising a transistor resistor addition circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45402 the CMCL comprising a buffered addition circuit, i.e. the signals are buffered before addition, e.g. by a follower
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45424 the CMCL comprising a comparator circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45426 the CMCL comprising a comparator circuit with extra buffering means before comparison of the common mode signal, e.g. by a follower
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45431 the CMCL output control signal being a current signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45696 the LC comprising more than two resistors
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45702 the LC comprising two resistors
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45511 Controlling the loading circuit of the differential amplifier

Abstract

A driver circuit having a minimized and/or controllable output common mode voltage comprises a differential amplifier having, a passive element as a biasing source for establishing a bias current in the differential amplifier and a control amplifier operatively coupled to the differential amplifier in a feedback arrangement, the control amplifier generating a control signal. The differential amplifier is responsive to the control signal for providing a voltage at an output of the driver circuit that is substantially independent of an input signal presented to an input of the driver circuit. By eliminating the need for an active device (e.g., transistor) as a bias current source, the output common mode voltage of the driver circuit is minimized. A reference signal coupled to the control amplifier, in conjunction with the feedback arrangement, substantially fixes the output common mode voltage of the driver circuit to a predetermined value.

Claims

1. A driver circuit having a minimized output common mode voltage, the driver circuit comprising:

a differential amplifier having a passive element as a biasing source for establishing a bias current in the differential amplifier;

a control amplifier operatively coupled to the differential amplifier in a feedback arrangement, the control amplifier generating a control signal; and

a common mode amplifier including first and second inputs forming a differential input of the driver circuit, the common mode amplifier being operatively coupled to an output of the control amplifier and having at least one output coupled to an input of the differential amplifier, the common mode amplifier at least partially establishing an output common mode voltage of the driver circuit at a predetermined voltage level in response to the control signal from the control amplifier;

wherein the differential amplifier is responsive to the control signal for providing a common mode voltage at an output of the driver circuit that is substantially independent of an input signal presented to the differential input of the driver circuit.

2. The driver circuit of claim 1, wherein:

the differential amplifier includes an input differential pair and a corresponding load device operatively coupled to the input differential pair; and

the control amplifier includes a first input for receiving a-reference signal and a second input for receiving a voltage corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit, the control signal generated by the control amplifier corresponding to a difference between the reference signal and the voltage corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit, the control amplifier operatively controlling a current flowing through the load device in the differential amplifier in response to the control signal;

whereby the reference signal at least partially controls an output voltage swing of the driver circuit.

3. The driver circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a replica bias circuit operatively coupled to the differential amplifier, the replica bias circuit generating a voltage corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit, wherein the control signal generated by the control amplifier represents a difference between a reference voltage coupled to an input of the control amplifier and the voltage corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit.

4. The driver circuit of claim 1, further comprising a second control amplifier, the second control amplifier including a first input for receiving a reference signal coupled thereto, a second input for receiving a voltage corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit, and an output, the second control amplifier being operatively coupled to the differential amplifier in a feedback arrangement and at least partially establishing the output common mode voltage of the driver circuit in response to a difference between the reference signal coupled to the second control amplifier and the voltage corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit.

5. The driver circuit of claim 4, wherein the second control amplifier comprises:

a replica bias circuit operatively coupled to the differential amplifier, and having an output corresponding to at least a portion of the output of the driver circuit; and

a second differential amplifier including a first input coupled to the output of the replica bias circuit, a second input for receiving the reference signal, and an output coupled to the differential amplifier, the second differential amplifier at least partially controlling the output common mode voltage of the driver circuit in response to a difference between the reference signal coupled to the second control amplifier and the voltage corresponding to at least a portion of an output of the driver circuit.

6. An amplifier circuit having a minimized output common mode voltage, the amplifier circuit comprising:

a differential output amplifier including first and second inputs, and first and second outputs forming first and second outputs, respectively, of the amplifier circuit, the differential output amplifier having a passive element as a bias source for establishing a bias current in the differential output amplifier;

a common mode amplifier including first and second inputs forming first and second inputs, respectively, of the amplifier circuit, and first and second outputs, the first and second outputs of the common mode amplifier being coupled to the first and second inputs, respectively, of the differential output amplifier; and

a control amplifier including a first input for receiving a reference signal coupled thereto, a second input for receiving a voltage corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit, and an output operatively connected to the common mode amplifier in a feedback arrangement, the control amplifier generating a control signal for at least partially controlling an output voltage swing of the amplifier circuit in response to a difference between the reference signal and the voltage corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit;

wherein the differential output amplifier is responsive to the common mode amplifier for providing a voltage at the outputs of the amplifier circuit that is substantially independent of an input signal presented to the inputs of the amplifier circuit.

7. The amplifier circuit of claim 6, further comprising:

a replica bias circuit operatively coupled to the differential output amplifier, the replica bias circuit generating the voltage corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit.

8. The amplifier circuit of claim 6, wherein:

the common mode amplifier comprises an input differential amplifier including an input differential pair operatively coupled to a corresponding load device; and

the control signal from the control amplifier controls a bias current flowing through the load device for establishing, at least in part, an output common mode voltage of the amplifier circuit.

9. The amplifier circuit of claim 6, further comprising:

a second control amplifier, the second control amplifier including a first input for receiving a reference signal coupled thereto, a second input for receiving a voltage corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit, and an output, the second control amplifier being operatively coupled to the differential output amplifier in a feedback arrangement and at least partially establishing an output common mode voltage of the amplifier circuit in response to a difference between the reference signal coupled to the second control amplifier and the voltage corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit.

10. The amplifier circuit of claim 9, wherein the second control amplifier comprises:

a replica bias circuit operatively coupled to the differential output amplifier, and having an output corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit; and

a differential amplifier including a first input coupled to the output of the replica bias circuit, a second input for receiving the reference signal, and an output coupled to the differential output amplifier, the differential amplifier at least partially controlling the output common mode voltage of the amplifier circuit in response to a difference between the reference signal coupled to the second control amplifier and the voltage corresponding to an output of the amplifier circuit.

11. In a driver circuit comprising a differential amplifier having a passive element as a bias source for establishing a bias current in the differential amplifier, the differential amplifier including an input stage operatively coupled to a corresponding load device, a method for providing a minimized output common mode voltage in the driver circuit comprising:

generating a feedback control signal corresponding to a difference between a reference signal coupled to the driver circuit and a voltage corresponding to an output voltage of the driver circuit;

establishing an output common mode voltage of the driver circuit by controlling at least a portion of a bias current flowing through at least one of the input stage and the corresponding load device of the differential amplifier in response to the feedback control signal, thereby providing an output voltage at the output of the driver circuit that is substantially independent of an input signal presented to an input of the driver circuit;

generating a second feedback control signal corresponding to a difference between a second reference signal coupled to the driver circuit and a voltage corresponding to the output voltage of the driver circuit; and

controlling an output voltage swing of the driver circuit in response to the second feedback control signal.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of generating the feedback control signal comprises the step of:

providing a replica bias circuit, the replica bias circuit being operatively coupled to the differential amplifier and generating the voltage corresponding to an output voltage of the driver circuit.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of establishing an output common mode voltage of the driver circuit comprises the step of:

diverting at least a portion of the bias current flowing through at least one of the input stage and the corresponding load device of the differential amplifier in response to the feedback control signal.