Biopotential electrode sensory component
First Claim
1. A biopotential electrode sensory component for sensing a biopotential of a patient, comprising:
- a first layer of electrically conductive material coupled to a dielectric layer and adapted to engage the skin of the patient;
a second layer of electrically conductive material coupled to the dielectric layer; and
at least one resistive element, at least one charge balancing current source and sink and at least one biopotential electrode circuit coupled to the second layer of electrically conductive material.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for biopotential sensing and stimulation are provided including a sensory component, a biopotential sensor electrode, and a biopotential sensory electrode system. The sensory component includes a first layer of electrically conductive material coupled among a biopotential signal source and a dielectric layer. A second layer of electrically conductive material is coupled among the dielectric layer, resistive elements, a charge balancing current source and sink, and circuits of the associated biopotential electrode. The biopotential sensor electrode includes the sensory component, conditioning components, an interface, and a power source. Stimulation components may also be included to provide stimulation signals to the biopotential signal source. The interface transfers signals to external instrumentation using wireless or wired connections. The power source includes batteries, solar cells, and telemetry power sources. The biopotential sensory electrode system includes electrode arrays and a receiver section that transfers biopotential signals among the biopotential signal source and external instrumentation and equipment. A reference link among the sensor electrodes of an array is provided by a coupling that includes current injection to a surface of the biopotential signal source, or a common wire to all electrodes.
65 Citations
26 Claims
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1. A biopotential electrode sensory component for sensing a biopotential of a patient, comprising:
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a first layer of electrically conductive material coupled to a dielectric layer and adapted to engage the skin of the patient;
a second layer of electrically conductive material coupled to the dielectric layer; and
at least one resistive element, at least one charge balancing current source and sink and at least one biopotential electrode circuit coupled to the second layer of electrically conductive material. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A biopotential electrode sensory component for sensing a biopotential of a patient comprising:
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a first layer of electrically conductive material coupled to a dielectric layer and voltage protection circuitry and adapted to engage the skin of the patient;
a second layer of electrically conductive material coupled to the dielectric layer; and
at least one biopotential electrode circuit and at least one charge balancing circuit coupled to the second layer of electrically conductive material. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method for collecting biopotential signals from a patient, comprising:
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coupling a sensory component to a skin surface of the patient;
converting ionic potentials and electric fields received by the sensory component to electrical potentials;
minimizing effects of changing skin impedance on the electrical potentials using a sensor impedance in series with a skin impedance, wherein a magnitude of the sensor impedance is greater than a magnitude of the skin impedance;
minimizing direct current offset and motion artifacts of the electrical potentials using charge balancing; and
providing the electrical potentials to external instrumentation.
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24. A computer readable medium containing executable instructions which, when executed in a processing system, causes the system to collect biopotential signals from a patient, the collection comprising:
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coupling a sensory component to a skin surface of the patient;
converting ionic potentials and electric fields received by the sensory component to electrical potentials;
minimizing effects of changing skin impedance on the electrical potentials using a sensor impedance in series with a skin impedance, wherein a magnitude of sensor impedance is greater than a magnitude of the skin impedance;
minimizing direct current offset and motion artifacts of the electrical potentials using charge balancing; and
providing the electrical potentials to external instrumentation.
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25. An electromagnetic medium containing executable instructions which, when executed in a processing system, causes the system to collect biopotential signals from a patient, the collection comprising:
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coupling a sensory component to a skin surface of the patient;
converting ionic potentials and electric fields received by the sensory component to electrical potentials;
minimizing effects of changing skin impedance on the electrical potentials using a sensor impedance in series with a skin impedance, wherein a magnitude of the sensor impedance is greater than a magnitude of the skin impedance;
minimizing direct current offset and motion artifacts of the electrical potentials using charge balancing; and
providing the electrical potentials to external instrumentation.
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26. A biopotential electrode sensory component for use on a patient, comprising:
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means for coupling a sensor to a skin surface of the patient;
means for converting ionic potentials and electric fields received by the sensor to electrical potentials;
means for minimizing effects of changing skin impedance on the electrical potentials using an impedance in series with a skin impedance, wherein a magnitude of the impedance is greater than a magnitude of the skin impedance;
means for minimizing direct current offset and motion artifacts of the electrical potentials using charge balancing means; and
means for providing the electrical potentials to external instrumentation.
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Specification