Optical diffraction biosensor
First Claim
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1. A method of detecting an analyte comprising:
- contacting the analyte with a biosensor, the biosensor consisting essentially of;
a polymer film coated with metal; and
a patterned receptor layer printed onto the polymer film wherein the receptor layer has a receptive material thereon that specifically binds the analyte;
wherein the receptor layer is printed in a pattern such that when the biosensor binds the analyte, the biosensor diffracts transmitted light or reflected light to form a diffraction pattern.
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Abstract
The present invention provides an inexpensive and sensitive device and method for detecting and quantifying analytes present in a medium. The device comprises a metalized film upon which is printed a specific, predetermined pattern of analyte-specific receptors. Upon attachment of a target analyte to select areas of the plastic film upon which the receptor is printed, diffraction of transmitted and/or reflected light occurs via the physical dimensions and defined, precise placement of the analyte. A diffraction image is produced which can be easily seen with the eye or, optionally, with a sensing device.
221 Citations
37 Claims
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1. A method of detecting an analyte comprising:
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contacting the analyte with a biosensor, the biosensor consisting essentially of;
a polymer film coated with metal; and
a patterned receptor layer printed onto the polymer film wherein the receptor layer has a receptive material thereon that specifically binds the analyte;
wherein the receptor layer is printed in a pattern such that when the biosensor binds the analyte, the biosensor diffracts transmitted light or reflected light to form a diffraction pattern. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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15. The method of claim 14, wherein R is between 0 and 12 carbon atoms in length.
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16. The method of claim 14, wherein X is generated from a compound comprising the following formula:
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17. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyte is a bacteria including Neisseria meningitides groups A, B, C, Y and W sub 135, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. coli K1, yeast, fungus, virus including Haemophilus influenza type B or RSV, or rheumatoid factor;
- an antibody;
an antigen;
an allergen;
an enzyme;
a hormone;
a polysaccharide, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, drug including drugs of abuse or therapeutic drugs, or nucleic acid;
a hapten;
or an environmental agent.
- an antibody;
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18. The method of claim 17, wherein the analyte is bacteria, yeast, fungus or virus.
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19. The method of claim 18, wherein the fungus is Candida species.
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20. The method of claim 18, wherein the bacteria is Salmonella species.
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21. The method of claim 1, wherein the receptor material is selected from antigens, antibodies, nucleotides, chelators, enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, fungi, viruses, bacterial pili, bacterial flagellar materials, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, metals, hormones or receptors for said materials.
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22. The method of claim 1, wherein the biosensor is attached to the inside wall of a container.
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23. The method of claim 22, wherein the container is a vial.
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24. The method of claim 23, wherein the container is a food container.
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25. The method of claim 1, wherein the biosensor is attached to the inside wall of a garment.
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26. The method of claim 25, wherein the garment is a diaper.
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27. The method of claim 1, wherein the analyte is attached to a particle.
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28. The method of claim 27, wherein the particle is comprised of glass, cellulose, latex, polystyrene, polycarbonate, protein, or microbial cells.
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29. The method of claim 27, wherein the particle is between approximately 0.2 nm and 50 nm.
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30. The method of claim 29, wherein the particle is between approximately 0.4 μ
- m to 1 μ
m.
- m to 1 μ
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31. The method of claim 27, wherein the particle size is determined by the following formula:
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32. A method of detecting an analyte comprising
a. contacting the analyte with a biosensor, the biosensor consisting essentially of: -
a polymer film coated with metal; and
a patterned receptor layer printed onto the polymer film wherein the receptor layer has a first receptive material thereon that specifically binds the analyte to form an analyte/first receptive material conjugate;
b. contacting the biosensor with the analyte/first receptive material conjugate with a second receptor material that specifically binds the analyte/first receptive material conjugate, wherein the second receptor material is conjugated to a precipitate forming material;
c. contacting the biosensor from step b. with a reagent that will cause a precipitate to form;
d. wherein the receptor layer is printed in a pattern such that when the biosensor binds the analyte, the biosensor diffracts transmitted light or reflected light to form a diffraction pattern. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37)
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Specification