Method and system for mapping and tracking information from a plurality of remote stations

• US 6,437,743 B1
• Filed: 08/22/1997
• Issued: 08/20/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Yosef Mintz
• Original Assignee: Yosef Mintz
• Inventors: Mintz, Yosef, Fenster, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Blum, Theodore M.
• Application Number:
  US08/836,550
• Time in Patent Office: 1,824 Days
• Field of Search: 342/463, 342/458, 342/457, 342/387
• US Class Current: 342/463
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0027 of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/127 to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/18 Negotiating wireless communication parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/04 Wireless resource allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/04 Scheduled access hybrid access H04W74/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/245 from a network towards a terminal

Abstract

A method of mapping (FIG. 10) a characteristic value of a plurality of remote stations (18-24) each having a varying attribute affecting the characteristic value computed according to a predetermined procedure comprising: (a) assigning a plurality of transmission slots to each of the remote stations; (b) determining, by the respective stations, of their characteristic values; (c) initially broadcasting, by the respective stations, of their determined characteristic values in said plurality of transmission slots, said broadcast characteristic value having a first characteristic value resolution; and (d) subsequently broadcasting, by the stations, of their respective characteristic values in said plurality of transmission slots, said subsequent broadcasting having a finer characteristic value resolution relative to said previously broadcasted characteristic value having a first characteristic value resolution.

Claims

1. A method of mapping a plurality of remote stations each having at least one varying attribute, including its position, affecting a characteristic value for the station, which characteristic value is computed according to a predetermined procedure from the at least one varying attribute, including the position, comprising:

(a) assigning at least one transmission slot to cach of the remote stations;

(b) determining, by the respective stations, of their characteristic values, said characteristic value being responsive to said determining of position;

(c) initially transmitting, by the respective stations, of a signal responsive to their determined characteristic values in said at least one assigned slot, said transmitted signal being based on said characteristic value, said characteristic value being expressed with a first characteristic value resolution; and

(d) subsequently transmitting, by the stations, of a signal related to their respective characteristic value in said at least one assigned transmission slot, said subsequent transmitted signal being based on said characteristic value having a finer characteristic value resolution relative to said first characteristic value resolution.

2. A method according to claim 1 including repeating at least (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic values than in a preceding iteration of (b).

3. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least one communication slot comprises a plurality of communication slots.

4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the presence or absence of energy in a particular slot defines a single bit of information.

5. A method of tracking variations in a characteristic value of remote stations each having at least one varying attribute affecting a characteristic value for the station, which characteristic value is computed according to a predetermined procedure, comprising:

(a) assigning at least one transmission slot to each of the remote stations;

(b) determining a characteristic value for the stations;

(c) transmitting a signal responsive to said characteristic value in said at least one transmission slot;

(d) determining, by the respective stations, of a differential value, based on their characteristic values relative to a previously determined characteristic value; and

(e) transmitting, by the respective stations, of said differential value in said at least one assigned transmission slot,

wherein the remote stations are movable stations and wherein the characteristic value includes the position of the remote station.

6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the presence or absence of energy in a particular slot defines a single bit of information.

7. A method for transmitting information from a plurality of remote stations, said information being related to locally varying attributes of the stations, comprising:

(a) supplying a synchronizing signal at each of the plurality of remote stations;

(b) determining, at each of the plurality of stations, of a characteristic value that is a function of at least one of the attributes of the respective station, determined according to a given procedure; and

(c) transmitting by the stations, in response to the synchronizing signal, of a response signal,

wherein the response signal is transmitted in the at least one distinguishable communication slot, transmission in a particular slot being indicative of the determined characteristic value and wherein said signal does not identify the transmitting station; and

wherein said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.

8. A method according to claim 7 wherein said signal bears no information other than by its transmission in said at least one slot.

9. A method according to claim 7 and including:

repeating at least (a) and (b) for those remote stations which previously transmitted a response signal in at least one but not all of the communications slots.

10. A method according to claim 7 wherein said response signals are transmitted, in accordance with a protocol, by more than one station in a given communication slot.

11. A method according claim 7 wherein the at least one communication slot is a single communication slot.

12. A method according to claim 7, wherein all of the responding stations transmit a response signal at substantially the same frequency.

13. A method according to claim 7 wherein the communication slots have different time and frequency characteristics.

14. A method according to claim 7, wherein the stations transmit in a predetermined transmission channel divided into a multiplicity of communication slots, including a plurality of said at least one communication slots and wherein said at least one communication slots represents a range of the characteristic value.

15. A method according to claim 7, wherein the characteristic value is based on a plurality of said attributes.

16. A method according to claim 7 wherein said synchronizing signal is a call signal received by said remote stations.

17. A method according to claim 16 wherein said performance of (b) and (c) is requested by said call signal only from those stations having a characteristic value within a restricted range of values.

18. A method according to claim 17 wherein the stations respond to the call by transmitting a response signal in a communication slot indicative of a more restrictive range of the calculated characteristic value within the restricted range of values.

19. A method according claim 7 and including transmitting a further call requesting at least some of the remote stations to repeat (b) and (c).

20. A method according to claim 7 and including:

estimating the number of remote stations responding to a synchronizing signal based on the proportion of slots in which a response signal is broadcast.

21. A method according to claim 20 wherein estimating the number of remote stations comprises:

transmitting a signal, in a random slot chosen from a plurality of slots, by stations having a characteristic value within a given range of characteristic values; and

estimating the total number of stations that are transmitting based the proportion of the plurality of slots in which the signal is transmitted.

22. A method according to claim 7 and including:

transmitting a further call requesting those stations having a characteristic value within a narrow range to transmit an information bearing signal.

23. A method according to claim 7 and including transmission of information to at least some remote stations based on the response signals of the remote stations.

24. A method according to claim 7 wherein the given procedure is modified in accordance with a message received by the remote stations.

25. A method according to claim 7 wherein the remote stations are mobile remote stations.

26. A method according to claim 7 wherein the characteristic value does not depend on the identity of the remote station.

27. Methods according to claim 7 including repeating at least (b) and (c) utilizing a more limited range of characteristic values than in a preceding iteration of (b).

28. A method according to claim 7 and including:

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a more limited range of characteristic values than in the preceding step (b).

29. A method according to claim 28 and including;

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic value than in the preceding step (b).

30. A method according to claim 7 and including;

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic value than in the preceding step (b).

31. A method according to claim 7 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a position of the station.

32. A method according to claim 7 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a relative position of the station with respect to a location.

33. A method for transmitting information from a plurality of remote stations, said information being related to locally varying attributes of the stations, comprising:

(a) supplying a synchronizing signal at each of a plurality of remote stations;

(b) determining, at each of the plurality of stations, of a characteristic value based on at least one of the attributes of the respective stations, according to a given procedure; and

(c) transmitting, by the stations, in response to the synchronizing signal, of a response signal,

wherein the response signal is transmitted in at least one communication slot, transmission in a particular slot being indicative of the characteristic value and wherein said response signal bears no information other than by its transmission in said at least one slot; and

wherein said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.

34. A method for transmitting information from a plurality of remote stations, said information being related to locally varying attributes of the stations, comprising:

(a) supplying a synchronizing signal at each of a plurality of remote stations;

(b) determining, at each of the plurality of stations, of a characteristic value based on at least one of the attributes of the respective stations, according to a given procedure; and

(c) transmitting, by the stations, in response to the synchronizing signal, of a response signal,

wherein the response signal is transmitted in at least one communication slot, transmission in a particular slot being indicative of the characteristic value; and

said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed, and including

repeating at least (a) and (b) for those remote stations which previously transmitted a response signal in at least one but not all of the communication slots.

35. A method according to claim 34 wherein (b) and (c) are repeated using a decreasing total range of characteristic values until a predetermined range of characteristic value per communication slot is reached.

36. A method according to claim 34 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a position of the station.

37. A method according to claim 34 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a relative position of the station with respect to a location.

38. Apparatus for transmitting information from a plurality of remote stations, said information being related to locally varying attributes of the stations, comprising:

(a) a first transmitter which transmits a call to a plurality of said remote stations;

(b) circuitry at each of the stations, which determines a characteristic of the station based on at least one of the varying attributes of the respective station, in response to the call, according to a given procedure; and

(c) a plurality of second transmitters each associated with one of the remote stations each of said transmitters being capable of transmitting a signal,

wherein said transmitters transmit signals in at least one distinguishable communication slot, transmission in said at least one slot being indicative of the determined characteristic; and

wherein said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.

39. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein said signals bear no information other than by their transmission in said at least one communication slot.

40. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein more than one of the plurality of second transmitters intentionally transmits in the same communication slot in accordance with the given procedure.

41. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein all of the second transmitters transmit at substantially the same frequency.

42. Apparatus according to claim 38 and comprising means for reducing destructive interference between signals which transmit at the same time at the same frequency.

43. Apparatus according to claim 38, wherein the stations respond to the call in a predetermined transmission channel divided into said communication slots and wherein each communication slot represents a range of values of the characteristic value.

44. Apparatus according to claim 38, wherein the characteristic value is based on a plurality of attributes of the station.

45. Apparatus according to claim 38 and including a controller which causes the first transmitter to transmit at least one additional call requesting a response from at least some of the stations.

46. Apparatus according to claim 45 wherein said at least some stations are those stations having a characteristic within a restricted range of values.

47. Apparatus according to claim 45 wherein the stations include a second controller which causes the second transmitters to transmit an additional signal, in response to the additional call, in a communication slot, said communication slot being indicative of the characteristic value within the restricted range of values.

48. Apparatus according to claim 47 wherein said additional signal is a non-information bearing signal.

49. Apparatus according to claim 47 wherein said response signal bears no information regarding the identity of the remote stations.

50. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein the controller includes:

circuitry which causes the first transmitter to transmit a further call requesting those stations having a characteristic within a narrow range to transmit an information bearing signal; and

an actuator associated with each of the stations which causes the second transmitter associated with a station to transmit an identification signal during one of a plurality of communication slots chosen at random by the station; and

circuitry which chooses one of the stations whose identification signal is received clearly in a communication slot.

51. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein the at least one slot comprises at least one distinguishable communication slot.

52. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein the at least one communication slot is a single communication slot.

53. Apparatus according to claim 38 wherein transmitting said signals by the stations is in response to a synchronizing signal at the remote stations.

54. A method according to claim 38 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a position of the station.

55. A method according to claim 38 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a relative position of the station with respect to a location.

56. A method of tracking variations in a characteristic value of remote stations each having at least one varying attribute, which characteristic value is computed according to a predetermined procedure from the at least one varying attribute, comprising

(a) determining a characteristic value for the stations;

and

(b) transmitting, by the stations, of a signal responsive to said characteristic value in at least one transmission slot, according to a predetermined procedure, the presence or absence of energy in a particular slot defining a range of characteristic values,

wherein, according to said procedure, more than one of the stations transmits in the same transmission slot, such that the signals transmitted in a particular slot are not distinguishable from each other; and

wherein said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.

57. A method according to claim 56 wherein the presence or absence of energy in a particular slot defines at least a single bit of information.

58. A method according to claim 56 wherein the stations transmits said signals responsive to a synchronizing signal.

59. A method according to claim 56 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a position of the station.

60. A method according to claim 56 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a relative position of the station with respect to a location.

61. A method of transmitting information from a plurality of stations each having a characteristic value, said information being related to at least one locally varying attribute of the station, comprising:

determining a characteristic value based on at least one of the varying attributes of the respective stations at the stations; and

transmitting by the stations of a signal in at least one distinguishable transmission slot of a plurality of transmission slots, responsive to the station'"'"'s determined characteristic value, each of said slots being characteristic of a range of said characteristic values, such that the distribution of slots in which signals are transmitted include information regarding the ranges of characteristic values that are present at the stations,

wherein said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.

62. A method according to claim 61 wherein more than one of the stations transmits in the same transmission slot, such that the signals transmitted in a particular slot are not distinguishable from each other.

63. A method according to claim 62 and including:

receiving said signals at a receiver; and

providing a distribution of the ranges of characteristic values that are present in at the stations, based on the received signals.

64. A method according to claim 62 and including:

assigning said slots to individual ones of said stations such that the range of characteristic values at the stations may be determined.

65. A method according to claim 61 wherein the stations transmit said signals responsive to a synchronizing signal.

66. A method according to claim 61 and including:

receiving said signals at a receiver; and

providing a distribution of the ranges of characteristic values that are present in at the stations, based on the received signals.

67. A method according to claim 61 and including:

assigning said slots to individual ones of said stations such that the range of characteristic values at the stations may be determined.

68. A method according to claim 61 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a position of the station.

69. A method according to claim 61 wherein the remote station is a movable station and wherein the varying attribute comprises a relative position of the station with respect to a location.

70. A method of tracking changes in position of a plurality of remote stations, the method comprising:

(a) assigning at least one transmission slot to each of the remote stations;

(b) determining, by the respective stations, of their positions;

(c) initially broadcasting, by the respective stations of their positions;

(d) determining, by the respective stations, of their positions, relative to the previously determined and transmitted positions; and

(e) transmitting, by the respective stations, of the determined relative positions.

71. A method according to claim 70 wherein the method includes:

(f) redetermining, by the respective stations, of their positions, relative to the previously determined and transmitted relative positions; and

(g) subsequently broadcasting, by the respective stations, of the relative positions determined in (f).

72. A method according to claim 71 and including iteratively performing (f) and (g).

73. A method according to claim 72 wherein each of the stations performs (f) and (g) in each iteration.

74. A method according to claim 70 wherein each of the stations performs (b) and (c) before any of the stations perform (e).

75. A method according to claim 70 wherein a region surrounding a previously transmitted position is divided into a plurality of contiguous regions and wherein broadcasting relative positions comprises transmitting a signal in one or more of the transmission slots, which one or more slots indicate which of the regions contains the newly determined relative position.

76. A method according to claim 75 wherein the extent of the regions is established based on an expected maximum rate of change of the position.

77. A method according to claim 75 wherein the plurality of regions comprises 9 regions.

78. A method according to claim 70 wherein 9 slots are utilized for the broadcasting relative position information.

79. A method according to claim 70 wherein 5 slots are utilized for broadcasting relative position information.

80. A method according to claim 70 wherein possible positions of the stations form a line.

81. A method according to claim 80 wherein 3 slots are utilized for broadcasting relative position information.

82. A method according to claim 80 wherein a single slot is utilized for broadcasting relative position information for a particular station.

83. A method according claim 70 wherein the at least one transmission slot has a capacity of 5 bits or less per broadcast.

84. A method according to claim 83 wherein the capacity is no more than three bits per broadcast.

85. A method of mapping the positions of a plurality of remote stations, comprising:

(a) assigning at least one transmission slot to each of the remote stations;

(b) determining by the respective stations, of their positions;

(c) initially broadcasting, by the respective stations, of a signal responsive to their determined positions in said at least one assigned slot, said broadcast position having a first position resolution; and

(d) subsequently broadcasting, by the stations, of a signal related to their respective positions in said at least one assigned transmission slot, said subsequent broadcast having a finer position resolution relative to said previously transmitted position.

86. A method according to claim 85 wherein the at least one transmission slot does not have the capability of transmitting a position with a desired resolution in a single broadcast.

87. A method according to claim 85 and comprising repeating (d) with successively finer characteristic value resolutions until the characteristic value is broadcast with a desired characteristic value resolution.

88. A method according to claim 85 wherein the resolution in a particular broadcast is twice as fine as in a previous broadcast.

89. A method according to claim 88 wherein the resolution in a particular broadcast is less than twice as fine as in a previous broadcast.

90. A method according to claim 85 wherein a region is divided into a plurality smaller regions and wherein the initial broadcast indicates which of the smaller regions contains the station.

91. A method according to claim 90 wherein a region, equal to or slightly larger than the initially indicated smaller region is divided into a plurality even smaller regions and wherein the initial broadcast indicates which of the even smaller regions contains the station.

92. A method according to claim 85 wherein mapping as defined by (b) and (c) are performed by:

assigning at least one transmission slot to each of the remote stations;

determining by the respective stations, of their positions;

initially broadcasting, by the respective stations, of a signal responsive to their determined positions in said at least one assigned slot, said broadcast position having a first position resolution; and

subsequently broadcasting, by the stations, of a signal related to their respective positions in said at least one assigned transmission slot, said subsequent broadcast having a finer position resolution relative to said previously transmitted position.

93. A method according to claim 92 wherein the number of assigned transmission slots used for mapping and tracking is the same.

94. A method according to claim 92 wherein some of the stations are mapping and some are tracking at the same time.

95. A method according to claim 92 wherein all of the stations complete the step of initially broadcasting before any of the stations complete the step of subsequently broadcasting.

96. A method according to claim 92 wherein the respective stations synchronously carry out the step of initially broadcasting.

97. A method according to claim 92 wherein the respective stations synchronously carry out the step of subsequently broadcasting.

98. A method according to claim 85 wherein all of the stations complete the step of initially broadcasting before any of the stations complete the step of subsequently broadcasting.

99. A method according to claim 85 wherein the respective stations synchronously carry out the step of initially broadcasting.

100. A method according to claim 85 wherein the respective stations synchronously carry out the step of subsequently broadcasting.

101. A method for transmitting information from a plurality of remote stations, the stations having locally varying attributes related to the information, comprising the steps of:

(a) supplying a synchronizing signal at each of a plurality of remote stations;

(b) determining, at each of the plurality of stations, of a characteristic value based on at least one of the attributes of the respective station, according to a given procedure; and

(c) transmitting, by the stations, in response to the synchronizing signal of a response signal

wherein the response signal is transmitted in at least one distinguishable communication slot which slot is indicative of the determined characteristic value, and

said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.

102. A method according to claim 101 wherein said signal bears no information other than by its transmission in said at least one slot.

103. A method according to claim 101 wherein said signal bears no information other than by its transmission in said at least one slot.

104. A method according to claim 101 and including:

repeating at least (a) and (b) for those remote stations which previously transmitted a response signal in at least one but not all of the communication slots.

105. A method according to claim 101 wherein (b) and (c) are repeated using a decreasing total range of characteristic values until a predetermined range of characteristic value per communication slot is reached.

106. A method according to claim 101 wherein said response signals are transmitted, in accordance with a protocol, by more than one station in a given communications slot.

107. A method according to claim 101 wherein the at least one communication slot is a single communication slot.

108. A method according to claim 101 wherein all of the responding stations transmit a response signal at substantially the same frequency.

109. A method according to claim 101 wherein communications slots have different time and frequency characteristics.

110. A method according to claim 101, wherein the stations transmit in a predetermined transmission channel divided into a multiplicity of communication slots, including a plurality of said at least one communication slots and wherein said at least one communication slots represents a range of the characteristic value.

111. A method according to claim 101, wherein the characteristic value is based on a plurality of attributes.

112. A method according to claim 101 wherein said synchronizing signal is a call signal received by said remote stations.

113. A method according to claim 112 wherein said performance of (b) and (c) is requested by said call signal only from those stations having a characteristic value within a restricted range of values.

114. A method according to claim 113 wherein the stations respond to the call by transmitting a response signal in a communication slot indicative of the calculated characteristic value within the restricted range of values.

115. A method according to claim 101 and including transmitting a further call requesting at least some of the remote stations to repeat (a) and (b).

116. A method according to claim 101 and including:

estimating the number of remote stations responding to a synchronizing signal based on the proportion of slots in which a response signal is broadcast.

117. A method according to claim 116 wherein estimating the number of remote stations comprises:

transmitting a signal, in a random slot chosen from a plurality of slots, by stations having a characteristic value within a given range of characteristic values; and

estimating the total number of stations that are transmitting based the proportion of the plurality of slots in which the signal is transmitted.

118. A method according to claim 116 wherein estimating the number of remote stations comprises:

transmitting a signal, in a random slot chosen from a plurality of slots, by stations having a characteristic value within a given range of characteristic values; and

estimating the total number of stations that are transmitting based the proportion of the plurality of slots in which the signal is transmitted.

119. A method according to claim 101 and including:

transmitting a further call requesting those stations having a characteristic value within a narrow range to transmit an information bearing signal.

120. A method according to claim 101 and including transmission of information to at least some remote stations based on the response signals of the remote stations.

121. A method according to claim 101 wherein the given procedure is modified in accordance with a message received by the remote stations.

122. A method according to claim 101 wherein the remote stations are mobile remote stations.

123. A method according to claim 101 wherein the characteristic value does not depend on the identity of the remote station.

124. A method according to claim 101 and including:

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a more limited range of characteristic values than in the preceding step (b).

125. A method according to claim 124 and including;

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic value than in the preceding step (b).

126. A method according to claim 101 and including;

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic value than in the preceding step (b).

127. A method according to claim 101 and including;

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic value than in the preceding step (b).

128. A method according to claim 127 and including;

repeating at least steps (b) and (c) utilizing a finer resolution of characteristic value than in the preceding step (b).

129. Apparatus for transmitting information from a plurality of remote stations, the stations having varying attributes related to the information, comprising:

(a) a first transmitter for transmitting a call to a plurality of said remote stations;

(b) determining apparatus at each of the stations, for determining a characteristic of the station based on at least one of the varying attributes of the respective station, in response to the call according to a given procedure; and

(c) a plurality of second transmitters each associated with one of the remote stations for transmitting a signal,

wherein said transmitters include means for transmitting signals in at least one distinguishable communication slot which at least one slot is indicative of the determined characteristic, and

said at least one locally varying attribute comprises at least one of a distance, time, position, location, time deviation, time delay, time of arrival, occupancy and speed.