Method of utilizing flowable devices in wellbores

• US 6,443,228 B1
• Filed: 05/25/2000
• Issued: 09/03/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 05/28/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Original Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Inventors: Berger, Per-Erik, Aronstam, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Bagnell, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): GAY, JENNIFER HAWKINS
• Application Number:
  US09/578,623
• Time in Patent Office: 831 Days
• Field of Search: 166/66, 166/72, 166/250.01, 166/250.11, 166/255.1, 166/380, 175/40, 175/44, 175/45, 175/46, 175/48, 175/50, 731/525.5, 731/522.8, 731/520.2
• US Class Current: 166/250.11
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/138 Devices entrained in the flow of well-bore fluid for transmitting data, control or actuation signals

Abstract

This invention relates to flowable devices and methods of utilizing such flowable devices in wellbores to provide communicate between surface and downhole instruments, among downhole devices, establish a communication network in the wellbore, act as sensors, and act as power transfer devices. The flowable devices are adapted to move with a fluid flowing in the wellbore. The flowable device may be memory device or a device that can provide a measure of a parameter of interest or act as a power transfer device. The flowable devices are introduced into the flow of a fluid flowing in the wellbore. The fluid moves the device in the wellbore. If the device is a data exchange device, it may be channeled in a manner that enables a device in the wellbore to interact with the memory device, which may include retrieving information from the flowable device and/or recording information on the flowable device. The sensor in a flowable device can take a variety of measurement(s) in the wellbore. The flowable devices return to the surface with the returning fluid.

Claims

1. A method of utilizing discrete devices in a wellbore wherein a working fluid provides a fluid flow path for moving said discrete devices from a first location of introduction of said devices into the flow path to a second location of interest, said method comprising:

(a) introducing a plurality of flowable discrete devices comprising data carriers that are adapted to be moved in the wellbore at least in part by the working fluid and forming a network of flowable devices in the wellbore;

(b) introducing at least one flowable discrete device into the fluid flow path at the first location to cause the working fluid to move the at least one flowable device to the second location of interest; and

(c) providing a data exchange device in the fluid flow path for effecting data exchange with the at one flowable discrete device.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the at least one flowable from a group consisting of:

(i) a device having a sensor for providing a measure of a parameter of interest;

(ii) a device having a memory for storing data herein;

(iii) a device carrying energy that is transmittable to another device;

(iv) a solid mass carrying a chemical tat alters a state when said solid mass encounters a particular property in the wellbore;

(v) a device carrying a biological mass;

(vi) a data recording device;

(vii) a device that is adapted to take a mechanical action, and (viii) a self-charging device due to interaction with the working fluid in the wellbore.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the at least one flowable device as a device that provides a measure of a parameter of interest selected from a group consisting of (i) pressure;

(ii) temperature;

(iii) flow rate;

(iv) vibration;

(v) presence of a particular chemical in the wellbore;

(vi) viscosity;

(vii) water saturation;

(viii) composition of a material;

(ix) corrosion;

(x) velocity;

(xi) a physical dimension; and

(xi) deposition of a particular matter in a fluid.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the at least one flowable device as a device that is adapted to carry data that is one of (i) prerecorded on the at least one flowable device;

(ii) recorded on the at least one flowable device downhole;

(iii) self recorded by the at least one flowable device;

(iv) inferred by a change of a state associated with the at least one flowable device.

5. The method of claim 4 comprising receiving the data carried by said at least one flowable device by a downhole device and transmitting a signal in response to said received signal to a device located outside said wellbore.

6. The method according to claim 5 further comprising receiving said signal from said downhole device at a location outside said wellbore at a location that is one of:

A. in a lateral wellbore associated with said wellbore;

B. a separate wellbore;

C. at the surface; and

D. in an injection well.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the at least one flowable from a group of devices consisting of:

(i) a device that is freely movable by the working fluid;

(ii) a device that has variable buoyancy;

(iii) a device that includes a propulsion mechanism that aids the at least one flowable device to flow within the working fluid; and

(iv) a device whose movement in the working fluid is aided by the gravitational field.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting the at least one flowable device as a device that is one of;

(i) resistant to wellbore temperatures;

(ii) resistant to chemicals;

(iii) resistant to pressures in wellbores;

(iv) vibration resistant;

(v) impact resistant;

(vi) resistant to electromagnetic radiation;

(vii) resistant to electrical noise; and

(viii) resistant to nuclear fields.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said introducing the at least one flowable device into the working fluid further comprises delivering the at least one flowable device to the working fluid by one of (i) an isolated flow path;

(ii) a chemical injection line;

(iii) a tubing in a wellbore;

(iv) a hydraulic line reaching the second location of interest and returning to the surface;

(v) through a drill string carrying drilling fluid;

(vi) through an annulus between a drill string and the wellbore;

(vi) trough a tubing disposed outside a drill string; and

(viii) in a container that is adapted to release said at least one flowable device in the wellbore.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising recovering sad at least one flowable device.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein said introducing the at least one flowable device includes introducing a plurality of flowable devices each such flowable device adapted to perform at least one task.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said introducing of a plurality of flowable devices comprises one of (i) timed release;

(ii) time independent release;

(iii) on demand release; and

(iv) event initiated release.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the flowable devices in said plurality of devices are adapted to communicate information with other devices, thereby forming a communication network in the wellbore.

14. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a unique address (identification) to the at least one flowable device.

15. The method of claim 1 further comprising causing the data exchange device to transit a signal confirming said data exchange.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting said at least one flowable device comprises selecting the at least one flowable device that includes a sensor that is one of (i) mechanical (ii) electrical;

(iii) chemical;

(iv) nuclear; and

(v) biological.

17. The method of claim 1 further comprising implanting a plurality of spaced apart flowable devices in said wellbore during drilling of said wellbore.

18. A method of utilizing flowable devices in a wellbore fig a fluid from a downhole location to the surface, each flowable device constituting a data carrier and adapted to be moved by the fluid, said method comprising:

(a) locating a plurality of flowable devices at a selected location in a wellbore;

(b) selectively releasing the flowable devices into fluid, thereby moving the flowable devices carry data from the selected location in the wellbore to the surface;

wherein at any instant of time, at least two of said flowable devices are in the wellbore, said at least two flowable devices capable of communication with each other.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the locating of said plurality of the flowable devices includes locating said devices in a magazine from where said devices are individually releaseable into the flow of the fluid.

20. The method of claim 18 further comprising providing a controller in the wellbore for inducing information into the at flowable devices prior to their release into the fluid.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the releasing the flowable devices includes at least one of (i) releasing the flowable devices at predetermined time intervals, (ii) releasing a flowable device upon the occurrence of a particular event;

or (iii) releasing the flowable devices periodically.