Process for the production of nutritional products with microorganisms using sequential solid substrate and liquid fermentation
First Claim
1. A process for producing an animal feed supplement comprising the steps of:
- (a) providing a first-stage bio-reaction feedstock in a solid substrate bio-reaction mixture containing microbial growth nutrients, in a bioreactor;
(b) inoculating the first-stage feedstock with a culture of a microorganism capable of secreting degradative enzymes wherein said microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma hamatum, Gliocladium, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oligosporus, Rhizopus oryzae, Clostridium thermocellum, Phanerochaete chrysoporium or mixtures thereof, thereby producing a first bio-reaction mixture;
(c) incubating the first bio-reaction mixture for a time and under conditions sufficient to produce a first-stage bio-reaction product;
(d) pretreating a raw second-stage bio-reaction feedstock by contacting the raw second-stage feedstock with phosphoric acid for a time sufficient to hydrolyze hemicellulose, to produce free lignin, and cellulose in the second-stage feedstock, then;
(e) neutralizing the acid, whereby a second-stage bio-reaction feedstock is prepared;
(f) combining the second-stage bio-reaction feedstock with the product of the first-stage bio-reaction of step (c) and a second-stage bio-reaction microorganism of Saccharomyces or Candida, whereby the second-stage bio-reaction is initiated;
(g) incubating the second-stage bio-reaction for a time and under conditions sufficient to produce an animal feed supplement; and
(h) recovering an animal feed supplement.
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Abstract
Rural biomass and other cellulosic materials are converted to a protein-enriched animal feed supplement or to single-cell protein by a series of bio-reactions. A first stage bio-reaction is a solid substrate bio-reaction. Enzymes, such as cellulase, produced by the first-stage bio-reaction are added to a second-stage bio-reaction. Raw second-stage bio-reaction feedstock is pretreated to hydrolyze hemicellulose and/or to partially digest starch in the feedstock. In the second-stage bio-reaction, the feedstock is substantially digested and single-cell protein is harvested in an aerobic bio-reaction, while ethanol is produced in an anaerobic reaction. Products of the invention can serve as feed supplements to enhance protein content of animal feed.
73 Citations
8 Claims
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1. A process for producing an animal feed supplement comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing a first-stage bio-reaction feedstock in a solid substrate bio-reaction mixture containing microbial growth nutrients, in a bioreactor;
(b) inoculating the first-stage feedstock with a culture of a microorganism capable of secreting degradative enzymes wherein said microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma hamatum, Gliocladium, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oligosporus, Rhizopus oryzae, Clostridium thermocellum, Phanerochaete chrysoporium or mixtures thereof, thereby producing a first bio-reaction mixture;
(c) incubating the first bio-reaction mixture for a time and under conditions sufficient to produce a first-stage bio-reaction product;
(d) pretreating a raw second-stage bio-reaction feedstock by contacting the raw second-stage feedstock with phosphoric acid for a time sufficient to hydrolyze hemicellulose, to produce free lignin, and cellulose in the second-stage feedstock, then;
(e) neutralizing the acid, whereby a second-stage bio-reaction feedstock is prepared;
(f) combining the second-stage bio-reaction feedstock with the product of the first-stage bio-reaction of step (c) and a second-stage bio-reaction microorganism of Saccharomyces or Candida, whereby the second-stage bio-reaction is initiated;
(g) incubating the second-stage bio-reaction for a time and under conditions sufficient to produce an animal feed supplement; and
(h) recovering an animal feed supplement. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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Specification