Method and apparatus for frequency selective beam forming
First Claim
1. A directive antenna, comprising:
- plural antenna elements arranged in an antenna array;
frequency selective components each coupled to a respective antenna element; and
at least two weighting structures coupled to each of the frequency selective components to produce independently steerable beams having spectrally separated signals.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A phased array antenna provides a subscriber unit with an ability to transmit and receive signals in different directions to allow for optimum gain in both directions, simultaneously. In this way, refraction and multipath effects resulting from communication signals operating at different frequencies can be compensated for to improve gain in both the forward and reverse links. Frequency selective components are coupled to respective antenna elements. At least two weighting structures are coupled to the frequency selective components to produce independently steerable beams having spectrally separated signals. The weighting structures may include phase shifting elements to steer the beams independently and include at least one variable gain amplifying component to independently amplify the signals received by or transmitted by the respective antenna, thereby optimizing the respective shapes of the beams. By having independently steerable and shapable beams, the directive antenna is attractive for use in a multi-band and/or multipath environment, same frequency or spread spectrum network.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. A directive antenna, comprising:
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plural antenna elements arranged in an antenna array;
frequency selective components each coupled to a respective antenna element; and
at least two weighting structures coupled to each of the frequency selective components to produce independently steerable beams having spectrally separated signals. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method for producing independently steerable beams, comprising:
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weighting a first signal at a first frequency received by or to be transmitted by plural elements arranged in an antenna array having frequency selective components each coupled to a respective antenna element to produce a first steerable beam; and
weighting a second signal spectrally separated from the first signal to produce a second and independently steerable beam received by or to be transmitted by the same antenna array. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
same frequency network, spread spectrum network, code division multiple access (CDMA) network, or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) network.
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25. The method as claimed in claim 17, further including optimizing a receive beam pattern based on a received pilot signal.
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26. The method as claimed in claim 17, further including optimizing a transmit beam pattern based on a received signal quality of a given signal via a feedback metric over a forward link.
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27. The method as claimed in claim 17, further including steering a transmit beam in the direction of maximum received power of a signal from a given base station, while optimizing a receive beam based on a metric selected from the group consisting of a best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and carrier-to-interference (C/I) level.
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28. Apparatus for beam forming, comprising:
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means for phase shifting a first signal at a first frequency received by or to be transmitted by plural antenna elements arranged in an antenna array, having frequency selective components each coupled to a respective antenna element, to produce a first steerable beam; and
means for phase shifting a second signal spectrally separated from the first signal to produce a second and independently steerable beam received by or to be transmitted by the same antenna array.
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Specification