Device and method for implanting radioactive seeds

• US 6,454,696 B1
• Filed: 08/19/1999
• Issued: 09/24/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nucletron Operations BV
• Original Assignee: Nucletron B. V.
• Inventors: Kindlein, Hans, Visscher, A. Luite, Löffler, Edgar G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Shaver, Kevin
• Assistant Examiner(s): SZMAL, BRIAN SCOTT
• Application Number:
  US09/377,382
• Time in Patent Office: 1,132 Days
• Field of Search: 600/6, 600/7, 600/8, 600/431, 600/434, 600/1-3, 600/4, 600/5
• US Class Current: 600/7
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1008 Apparatus for temporary insertion of sources, e.g. afterloaders
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1009 Apparatus for loading seeds into magazines or needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1011 Apparatus for permanent insertion of sources
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1007 Arrangements or means for the introduction of sources into the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1027 Interstitial radiation therapy

Abstract

A modular device for implanting radioactive seeds in an animal body through a needle implanted in the body. The device comprises an electronic control device controlling a pushing drive, a seed and spacer supply container, a multichannel holder for seed-spacer trains. A tube connects between the multichannel holder and the needle. The needle is retractable by retracting means coupled to the needle. Optionally the retracting means are controlled by the electronic control device. The device may also be embodied in a combination of a seed loading module in which trains of seeds are loaded in channels in a removable multichannel holder and a seed implanting module in which trains of seeds from a multichannel holder are pushed into needles implanted in the body. Parts that may be contaminated with blood are made removable for sterilization or disposal.

Claims

1. A device for implanting radioactive seeds in an animal body through a number of needles implanted in said animal body, said number being one or more, said device comprising:

electronic control means;

loading means connected to said control means for arranging a number of trains of said radioactive seeds in an equal number of channels within said loading means in response to said control means;

drive means connected to said control means for extending a wire to push said trains of radioactive seeds from said channels through a number of tubes, said number being one or more, each said tube coupled at a first end to said one of said channels and coupled at a second end to one of said implant needles, in response to said control means; and

retracting means connected to said implant needles for retracting each of said implant needles from said animal body while said pushing wire is in an extended position to thereby implant said radioactive seeds.

2. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said loading means further includes a multichannel holder connected to said control means and wherein said control means controls said loading means to arrange a train of seeds in a separate channel in said multichannel holder for each of said implant needles.

3. Device in accordance with claim 1 wherein said retracting means are electronically controllable and are connected to and operateable in response to signals from said control means.

4. Device in accordance with claim 3, wherein said retracting means are electrically operateable.

5. Device in accordance with claim 3, wherein said retracting means are hydraulically operateable.

6. Device in accordance with claim 3, wherein said retracting means are pneumatically operateable.

7. Device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tube(s) comprise a first part and a second part, which first and second parts overlap, said first part being connected to said loading means and said second part being slideable relative to said first part and coupled to said implant needles.

8. Device in accordance with claim 7, wherein said second part is connected to said retracting means.

9. Device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tube(s) coupled to said implant needles is made of a nickel titanium alloy.

10. Device in accordance with claim 7, wherein said second part is made of a nickel titanium alloy.

11. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said loading means further includes a supply container having a reservoir for radioactive seeds.

12. A device in accordance with claim 11, wherein said supply container has a second reservoir for spacers.

13. A device in accordance with claim 2, wherein said loading means further comprises a rotatable plate having plural openings therethrough mounted between said multichannel holder and said tube and connected to said control means, and wherein said control means rotates said plate to align said openings with the channels in the multichannel holder when said drive means are operating and rotates said plate out of alignment to block said channels when said loading means is operating to arrange said seed trains in said channels.

14. A device in accordance with claim 11, wherein said supply container further includes first push means for pushing a radioactive seed from said reservoir into said channel in response to a signal from said control means and second push means for pushing a spacer from said second reservoir into said channel in response to a signal from said control means.

15. A device in accordance with claim 4, wherein said supply container is removable.

16. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said drive means is removable.

17. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tube is removable.

18. A device in accordance with claim 2, wherein said multichannel holder is removable.

40. A device in accordance with claim 1, further comprising therapy planning means connected to said control means for providing said control means with signals representing a desired arrangement of seeds in a train for each of said needles, and wherein said control means controls said loading means in response to said signals from said therapy planning means.

42. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein blood contaminatable parts are removable.

43. A device in accordance with claim 42, wherein said removable and blood contaminatable parts are disposable.

44. A device in accordance with claim 42, wherein said removable and blood contaminatable parts are sterilizable.

19. A seed loading module comprising electronic control means, said seed loading module further comprising loading means connected to said control means for, in response to said control means, arranging a number of trains of radioactive seeds, said number being one or more, in an equal number of channels in a multichannel holder within said seed loading module, said seed loading module including a supply container having a reservoir for radioactive seeds and drive means connected to said control means for extending a wire to push radioactive seeds from said supply container into said channels.

21. A device in accordance with claim 19, wherein said multichannel holder is connected to said control means and wherein said control means controls said loading means to arrange trains of seeds in separate channels in said multichannel holder.

22. A device in accordance with claim 19, wherein said loading means further includes a supply container having a reservoir for radioactive seeds.

23. A device in accordance with claim 22, wherein said supply container has a second reservoir for spacers.

24. A device in accordance with claim 19, wherein said loading means further comprises a rotatable plate having plural openings therethrough mounted between said multichannel holder and said tube and connected to said control means, and wherein said control means rotates said plate to align said openings with the channels in the multichannel holder when said drive means are operating and rotates said plate out of alignment to block said channels when said loading means is operating to arrange said seed trains in said channels.

25. A device in accordance with claim 22, wherein said supply container further includes first push means for pushing a radioactive seed from said reservoir into said channel in response to a signal from said control means and second push means for pushing a spacer from said second reservoir into said channel in response to a signal from said control means.

26. A device in accordance with claim 22, wherein said supply container is removable.

27. A device in accordance with claim 19, wherein said drive means is removable.

28. A device in accordance with claim 19, wherein said multichannel holder is removable.

41. A device in accordance with claim 19, further comprising therapy planning means connected to said control means for providing said control means with signals representing desired arrangements of seeds in trains, and wherein said control means controls said loading means in response to said signals from said therapy planning means.

20. A seed implanting module comprising electronic control means, said seed implanting module further comprising receiving means for receiving a number of trains of radioactive seeds, said number being one or more, in an equal number of channels in a removable multichannel holder, drive means connected to said control means for extending a wire to push said trains of radioactive seeds from said channels into a number of implant needles through a number of tubes, said number being one or more, each said tube coupled at a first end to one of said channels and coupled at a second end to one of said implant needles, in response to said control means;

and retracting means connected to said implant needles for retracting each of said implant needles from said animal body while said pushing wire is in an extended position to thereby implant said radioactive seeds.

29. Device in accordance with claim 20, wherein said retracting means are electronically controllable and connected to and operate in response to signals from said control means.

30. Device in accordance with claim 29, wherein said retracting means are electrically operateable.

31. Device in accordance with claim 29, wherein said retracting means are hydraulically operateable.

32. Device in accordance with claim 29, wherein said retracting means are pneumatically operateable.

33. Device in accordance with claim 20, wherein said tube(s) comprise a first part and a second part, which first and second parts overlap, said first part being connected to said loading means and said second part being slideable relative to said first part and coupled to said implant needles.

34. Device in accordance with claim 20, wherein said tube(s) coupled to said implant needles is made of a nickel titanium alloy.

35. Device in accordance with claim 33, wherein said second part is made of a nickel titanium alloy.

36. A device in accordance with claim 20, wherein said drive means is removable.

37. A device in accordance with claim 20, wherein said tube is removable.

38. A device in accordance with claim 33, wherein said first and second parts of the tube(s) are removable.

39. A device in accordance with claim 20, wherein said multichannel holder is removable.

45. A device in accordance with claim 20, wherein blood contaminatable parts are removable.

46. A device in accordance with claim 45, wherein said removable and blood contaminatable parts are disposable.

47. A device in accordance with claim 45, wherein said removable and blood contaminatable parts are sterilizable.

48. A method for implanting radioactive seeds in an animal body through a number of needles implanted in said animal body, said number being one or more, said method comprising:

determining a desired pattern of seeds and inputting said desired pattern into an electronic control device;

arranging a train of seeds in a channel in accordance with said desired pattern for each of said implant needles in response to a signal from said control device;

extending a drive wire to push each said trains of seeds from its channel through a tube and into a corresponding one of said implant needles in accordance with said desired pattern in response to a signal from said control device and retracting each of said implant needles while holding said drive wire in an extended position to thereby implant the trains of seeds in the animal body in said desired pattern.

49. A method in accordance with claim 48, wherein the step of implanting said at least one needle is practiced using a template to position each of said implant needles in accordance with said desired pattern.

50. A method in accordance with claim 49, further comprising the steps of ascertaining the penetration depth of said implant needles in the animal body using ultrasound scanning and inputting said depths into said control device.

51. A seed loading module for loading seeds into implant needles comprising control means, said seed loading module further comprising loading means connected to said control means for in response to said control means arranging trains of radioactive seeds, said seed loading module including a supply container having a reservoir for radioactive seeds and drive means connected to said control means for extending a wire to push radioactive seeds from said supply container to said implant needles.

52. A device in accordance with claim 51, wherein said supply container has a second reservoir for spacers.

53. A device in accordance with claim 52, wherein said supply container further includes first push means for pushing a radioactive seed from said reservoir into a channel in response to a signal from said control means and second push means for pushing a spacer from said second reservoir into said channel in response to a signal from said control means.

54. A device in accordance with claim 51, wherein said supply container is removable.

55. A device in accordance with claim 51, wherein said drive means is removable.

56. A device in accordance with claim 51, further comprising therapy planning means connected to said control means for providing said control means with signals representing desired arrangements of seeds in trains, and wherein said control means controls said loading means in response to said signals from said therapy planning means.

57. A method for loading radioactive seeds in a number of needles, said number being one or more, said method comprising:

determining a desired pattern of seeds and inputting said desired pattern into an electronic control device;

arranging at least one train of seeds in accordance with said desired pattern for at least one of said implant needles in response to signals from said control device;

extending a drive wire to push said at least one train of seeds into a corresponding one of said implant needles in accordance with said desired pattern in response to signals from said control device and retracting the drive wire.