Electrical heater with thermistor

• US 6,455,823 B1
• Filed: 10/06/2000
• Issued: 09/24/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 10/06/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Illinois Tool Works Inc.
• Original Assignee: Illinois Tool Works Inc.
• Inventors: Bulgajewski, Edward, Sharp, Larry L.
• Primary Examiner(s): PAIK, SANG YEOP
• Application Number:
  US09/680,704
• Time in Patent Office: 718 Days
• Field of Search: 219/538, 219/539, 219/541, 219/543, 219/548, 219/549, 219/552, 338/307, 338/308, 338/309, 338/323, 338/324, 338/325, 338/326, 338/328, 338/330
• US Class Current: 219/548
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/003 using serpentine layout
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/005 using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/006 using interdigitated electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/013 Heaters using resistive films or coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/017 Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/029 Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/26 heating conductor mounted on insulating base for transparent areas H05B3/84, H05B3/86
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/342 heaters used in textiles
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/345 knitted fabrics
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/347 woven fabrics

Abstract

An electrical heater having a plurality electrodes disposed adjacently on a substrate in spaced apart relation and interconnected by a thermistor material, for example a positive temperature coefficient material. The electrodes each have at least one end portion and preferably two opposite end portions coupled to corresponding electrical terminal located at a common termination zone on the substrate. A spacing between adjacent electrodes may vary and adjacent electrodes may include interdigitated portions to vary the heat produced on select portions of the substrate.

Claims

1. An electrical heater, comprising:

a substrate;

a plurality of first, second and third electrodes disposed on the substrate in spaced apart relation;

the second electrode located between the first and third electrodes;

the first, second and third electrodes each having opposite end portions located at a common termination zone of the substrate;

a thermistor material electrically interconnecting the first, second and third electrodes;

adjacent portions of the first, second and third electrodes arranged in a generally serpentine pattern on the substrate;

a summation of electrical paths along the first and third electrodes from one of the corresponding end portions thereof to adjacent portions of the first and third electrodes is substantially the same;

a summation of electrical paths along the first and second electrodes from one of the corresponding end portions thereof to adjacent portions of the first and second electrodes is substantially the same; and

a summation of electrical paths along the second and third electrodes from one of the corresponding end portions thereof to adjacent portions of the second and third electrodes is substantially the same.

2. The heater of claim 1, the thermistor material comprises a positive temperature coefficient material.

3. The heater of claim 1, a multi-pole, multi-position switch electrically coupled to the opposite end portions of the first, second and third electrodes.

4. The heater of claim 1, a plurality of electrical terminals fastened to the substrate at the common termination zone, each of the opposite end portions of the first, second and third electrodes electrically coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of electrical terminals.

5. The heater of claim 1, the second electrode is wider than the first and third electrodes.

6. The heater of claim 1, adjacent portions of at least two of the first, second and third electrodes having interdigitated electrode portions protruding therefrom.

7. The heater of claim 6, spacing between adjacent portions of at least two of the first, second and third electrodes varies.

8. The heater of claim 1, interdigitated electrode portions protruding from adjacent portions of at least two of the first, second and third electrodes.

9. The heater of claim 1, the substrate is a fabric coated with a positive temperature coefficient material, and the first, second and third electrodes are screen printed thereon.