Alternator jump charging system

• US 6,456,514 B1
• Filed: 04/26/2000
• Issued: 09/24/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Perreault, David J., Caliskan, Vahe
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, MATTHEW VAN
• Application Number:
  US09/558,193
• Time in Patent Office: 881 Days
• Field of Search: 363/55, 363/56, 363/84, 363/85, 363/89, 363/125, 363/127, 363/128
• US Class Current: 363/89
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/007 Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/54 Windings for different functions
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/24 Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/122 Provisions for temporary connection of DC sources of essentially the same voltage, e.g. jumpstart cables
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1423 with multiple batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0085 Partially controlled bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/009 having two or more independently controlled outputs for DC-DC converter with intermediate AC H02M3/33561
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1552 Boost converters exploiting the leakage inductance of a transformer or of an alternator as boost inductor
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/217 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2101/15 for wind-driven turbines
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 6/182 using back-emf in windings
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/102 : for limiting effects of transients
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/307 : more than one voltage output
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/48 : Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle H02P9/04 - H02P9/46 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A system for charging a first source from a second source includes an alternating current (ac) voltage source having an internal inductance, a switching power converter coupled to the ac voltage source and the first source, a control circuit coupled to the switching power converter, a connecting system for selectively connecting a positive terminal of the second source to the ac voltage source and a jump charging controller coupled to the control circuit and operative to enable the switching power converter to be used in conjunction with the ac voltage source inductances as a dc/dc converter to charge the first source from the second source.

Claims

1. A system for charging a first source having a positive and a negative terminal from a second source having a positive and a negative terminal, the system comprising:

an alternating current (ac) voltage source having an internal inductance;

a switching power converter having a first set of terminals coupled to the ac voltage source and a second set of terminals coupled to the positive and negative terminals of the first source;

a control circuit coupled to said switching power converter;

a connecting system for selectively connecting the positive terminal of the second source to the ac voltage source; and

a jump charging controller coupled to said control circuit, said jump charging controller operative to enable said switching power converter to be used in conjunction with the ac voltage source inductances as a dc/dc converter to charge the first source from the second source.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the positive terminal of the second source is coupled to the neutral point of the ac voltage source.

3. The system of claim 2 wherein the second source has a voltage level which is less than the voltage level of the first source.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein said ac voltage source is a wound-field alternator.

5. The system of claim 3 wherein said ac voltage source is a permanent magnet alternator.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein the switching power converter is a switched-mode rectifier.

7. A system for charging a battery coupled to an output of a switching power converter comprising:

an ac machine coupled to an input of the switching power converter;

a charging source having a positive terminal and a negative terminal; and

connecting means for selectively connecting the positive terminal of the charging source to said ac machine.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein said connecting means is coupled to a neutral point of said ac machine.

9. The system of claim 7 wherein the negative terminals of the charging source and the battery are connected to system ground.

10. The system of claim 7 wherein said charging source has a voltage level which is less than the voltage level of the battery.

11. A method for charging a battery at an output of a switched-mode rectifier comprising the steps of:

(a) connecting a positive terminal of a charging source to an ac machine;

(b) connecting a negative terminal of the charging source to system ground;

(c) increasing a current in the ac machine to draw a first amount of energy from the charging source;

(d) storing the first amount of energy in inductive elements of the ac machine; and

(e) transferring the first amount of energy plus additional energy from the charging source to the battery.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of connecting the positive terminal of the charging source to the ac machine includes the step of connecting the positive terminal of the charging source to the neutral point of the ac machine.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of increasing the current in the ac machine includes the step of providing a low impedance path between output terminals of the ac machine to draw energy from the charging source.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the step of providing a low impedance path between the output terminals of the ac machine includes the step of biasing switches in a switching power converter coupled to the ac machine into their conduction state.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the ac machine inductances in conjunction with the switching power converter cooperate to provide a dc/dc converter to charge the battery from the charging source.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the charging source has a voltage level which is lower than the voltage level of the battery.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the charging source corresponds to a low-voltage battery in a vehicle in which the battery is disposed.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein the charging source corresponds to a low-voltage battery which is not in a vehicle in which the battery is disposed.

19. A system for charging a battery coupled to an output of a switching power converter from a charging source having a positive terminal and a negative terminal comprising:

an ac machine coupled to an input of the switching power converter; and

connecting means for selectively connecting the positive terminal of the charging source to said ac machine, wherein said connecting means is coupled to a neutral point of said ac machine.