Systems and methods for guiding movable electrode elements within multiple-electrode structures

• US 6,456,864 B1
• Filed: 07/24/2000
• Issued: 09/24/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: EP Technologies Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: EP Technologies Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Panescu, Dorin, Swanson, David K., Whayne, James G.
• Primary Examiner(s): COHEN, LEE S
• Application Number:
  US09/624,358
• Time in Patent Office: 792 Days
• Field of Search: 600/374, 600/509, 128/899, 607/122, 607/126, 606/41, 606/45, 606/49, 606/34
• US Class Current: 600/374
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1815 using microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/003 Steerable
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0016 Energy applicators arranged in a two- or three dimensional array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00214 Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00351 Heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0075 Phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00755 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00839 Bioelectrical parameters, e.g. ECG, EEG
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3782 transmitter or receiver in catheter or minimal invasive instrument
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/043 in a linear array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6858 with a distal basket, e.g. expandable basket
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7217 of noise originating from a therapeutic or surgical apparatus, e.g. from a pacemaker
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/06 for high-frequency therapy

Abstract

Systems and related methods guide a movable electrode within an array of multiple-electrodes located within the body. The systems and methods employ the movable electrode or at least one of the multiple-electrodes on the array to generate and then sense electrical or sonic energy in a predetermined fashion to generates an output that locates the movable electrode within the array.

Claims

1. A catheter system, comprising:

a locating electrode;

a movable electrode movable relative to the locating electrode;

an emitting electrode which comprises one of the movable electrode and locating electrode, and being configured to emit electrical energy;

a sensing electrode which comprises the other of the movable electrode and locating electrode, and being configured to sense the electrical energy; and

a processor coupled to the emitting electrode and sensing electrode, and being configured to analyze a measured voltage potential between the emitting electrode and sensing electrode, and generate, based upon the analysis, a proximity indicating output that indicates a close proximity condition between the movable electrode and locating electrode.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured for comparing the measured voltage potential to a threshold voltage potential, and wherein the proximity indicating output is based upon the comparison.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to generate the proximity indicating output when the measured voltage potential is less than the threshold voltage potential.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the emitting electrode comprises the movable electrode, and the sensing electrode comprises the locating electrode.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the movable electrode is coupled to a source of ablation energy.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a display coupled to the processor to present an output in a real time format that continuously indicates the close proximity condition between the movable electrode and the locating electrode.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the movable electrode is located on a movable catheter body.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured for generating another output that locates the movable electrode relative to locating electrode, and the proximity indicating output confirms location of the movable electrode relative to the locating electrode.

9. A catheter system, comprising:

an array of multiple electrode s configured for sensing electrical energy;

a movable electrode movable relative to the array and configured for emitting the electrical energy; and

a processor coupled to the array of multiple electrodes and movable electrode, and being configured to analyze a measured voltage potential between the movable electrode and each of the multiple electrodes, and generate, based upon the analysis, a proximity indicating output that indicates a close proximity condition between the movable electrode and one of the multiple electrodes.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured for comparing the measured voltage potentials to a threshold voltage potential, and wherein the output is based upon the comparisons.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the output indicates that the movable electrode is in close proximity to the one electrode when the measured voltage potential between the movable electrode and the one electrode is less than the threshold voltage potential.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the movable electrode is coupled to a source of ablation energy.

13. The system of claim 9, further comprising a display coupled to the processor to present an output in a real time format that continuously indicates the close proximity condition between the movable electrode and one of the multiple electrodes.

14. The system of claim 9, wherein the movable electrode is located on a movable catheter body.

15. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor is configured for generating another output that locates the movable electrode relative to the array, and the proximity indicating output confirms location of the movable electrode relative to the array.

16. A method of guiding a movable electrode relative to a locating electrode located within a heart, comprising:

transmitting electrical energy from one of the movable electrode and locating electrode to the other of the movable electrode and locating electrode;

sensing a voltage potential between the movable electrode and locating electrode; and

generating a proximity indicating output based on the sensed voltage potential, the proximity indicating output indicating a close proximity condition between the movable electrode and the locating electrode.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising comparing the sensed voltage potential with a threshold voltage potential, wherein the proximity indicating output is based upon the comparison.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the proximity indicating output is generated when the sensed voltage potential is less than the threshold voltage potential.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the electrical energy is transmitted from the movable electrode to the locating electrode.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising continuously displaying the close proximity condition between the movable electrode and the locating electrode in the array in a real time format.

21. The method of claim 16, further comprising generating an output that indicates the location of the movable electrode relative to the locating electrode, and confirming the location of the movable electrode relative to the locating electrode with the proximity indicating output.

22. A method of guiding a movable electrode relative to an array of multiple electrodes located within a heart, comprising:

transmitting electrical energy from the movable electrode to each of the multiple electrodes;

sensing a voltage potential between the movable electrode and each of the multiple electrodes; and

generating a proximity indicating output based on the sensed voltage potential, the proximity indicating output indicating a close proximity condition between the movable electrode and one of the multiple electrodes.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising comparing each of the sensed voltage potentials with a threshold voltage potential, wherein the proximity indicating output is based upon the comparison.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the proximity indicating output is generated when the sensed voltage potential between the movable electrode and the one electrode is less than the threshold voltage potential.

25. The method of claim 22, further comprising continuously displaying a close proximity condition between the movable electrode and one of the multiple electrodes.

26. The method of claim 22, further comprising generating an output that indicates the location of the movable electrode relative to the array, and confirming the location of the movable electrode relative to the array with the proximity indicating output.