Apparatus and method for allowing immediate retrieval for information and identification from an implantable medical device having a depleted power source

• US 6,456,883 B1
• Filed: 04/26/2000
• Issued: 09/24/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Forsberg, John W., Grevious, John J., Jensen, Steven L., McMullen, Raymond F., Torgerson, Nathan A., Leinders, Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): LAYNO, CARL HERNANDZ
• Application Number:
  US09/558,664
• Time in Patent Office: 881 Days
• Field of Search: 607/4, 607/5, 607/9, 607/33, 607/34, 607/57, 607/32, 607/60
• US Class Current: 607/34
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0002 for data transfer
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3523 using telemetric means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8206 battery-operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/372 Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source

Abstract

An apparatus and method that will allow for external communication, via an external programmer, for positive device identification and for retrieval of device or patient information stored by an implantable medical device with a depleted power source. The external programmer will deliver energy to a secondary power source located inside the implanted device using RF telemetry sufficient to charge up the secondary power source, e.g., a small capacitor. The capacitor will charge up immediately within milliseconds. Once the secondary power source is sufficiently charged, it can be used to power up a controller having the stored information in the implantable medical device. Once the controller is operational, the implanted device will transmit device and patient information to the external programmer via RF telemetry.

Claims

1. An implantable medical device comprising:

a main power source to supply power to the implantable medical device; and

a supplemental power source comprising an energy storage device for storage of energy transmitted via telemetry signals of sufficient power to permit communication between the implantable medical device and an external programmer via a telemetry signal when the main power source is depleted, thereby allowing the retrieval of identification and information of the implantable medical device and patient.

2. The implantable medical device of claim 3 wherein the voltage regulator is comprised of zener diodes that maintain the voltage level output from the supplemental power source at a predetermined voltage level.

3. The implantable medical device of claim 1 wherein the supplemental power source further comprises a voltage regulator cooperating with the energy storage device to maintain a voltage level output from the supplemental power source of about 2-5 volts.

4. The implantable medical device of claim 3 wherein the energy storage device reaches said sufficient power in about a microsecond to millisecond time frame once the telemetry signal is initiated from the external programmer.

5. The implantable medical device of claim 4 wherein the energy storage device is a capacitor.

6. The implantable medical device of claim 5 wherein the capacitor has a capacity range of about 5-15 microfarads.

7. The implantable medical device of claim 4 wherein the energy storage device is a rechargeable battery.

8. The implantable medical device of claim 5 or 7 wherein the main power source can be either a rechargeable power source or a non-rechargeable power source.

9. The implantable medical device of claim 8 wherein the telemetry signal is a radio frequency signal.

10. The implantable medical device of claim 9 wherein the implantable medical device is a pacemaker, a defibrillator, or a drug delivery device.

11. An implantable medical device comprising:

an antenna for receiving and transmitting telemetry signals;

a rectifier circuit connected to said antenna;

a filter connected to antenna;

a main electrical power source to supply power to the implantable medical device;

a supplemental power source, connected to the rectifier circuit, comprising an energy storage device for storage of sufficient energy to provide power to energize the implantable medical device, said energy received via telemetry signals from an external source;

a comparator, to compare voltage levels of the main power source and the supplemental power source and output a signal indicating which power source is greater; and

a level shifter operable to receive the output signal from the comparator, whereby the level shifter will permit power to flow from either the main electrical power source or the supplemental power source based on the signal received from the comparator to power the implantable medical device, thereby allowing communication with an external programmer via telemetry retrieval of identification and information of the medical device and the patient.

12. The implantable medical device of claim 11 wherein the supplemental power source further comprises a voltage regulator cooperating with the energy storage device to maintain a voltage level output from the supplemental power source of about 2-5 volts.

13. The implantable medical device of claim 12 wherein the voltage regulator is comprised of zener diodes that maintain the voltage level output from the supplemental power source at a predetermined level.

14. The implantable medical device of claim 12 wherein the energy storage device sufficient power in a microsecond to millisecond time frame once the telemetry signal is initiated by the external programmer.

15. The implantable medical device of claim 14 wherein the energy storage device can be either a capacitor or a rechargeable battery.

16. The implantable medical device of claim 15 wherein the main power source can be either a rechargeable power source or a non-rechargeable power source.

17. The implantable medical device of claim 16 wherein the telemetry signal is a radio frequency signal.

18. The implantable medical device of claim 17 wherein the implantable medical device can be pacemaker, a defibrillator, or a drug delivery device.

19. An implantable medical device comprising:

an antenna for receiving and transmitting telemetry signals to and from a programmer, said programmer being external to the implantable medical device;

a rectifier circuit connected to the antenna;

a filter connected to the antenna;

a main electrical power source;

a supplemental power source connected to the rectifier circuit and comprised of an energy storage device to store energy transmitted via telemetry signals;

a comparator to compare voltage levels of the main power source and the supplemental power source and output a signal indicating which power source has a greater voltage; and

a level shifter operable to receive the output signal from the comparator and permit power to flow as a result of the signal received to power the device when the main power source is less than the supplemental power source, thereby allowing retrieval of patient and device information from the implantable medical device.

20. The implantable medical device of claim 19 wherein the energy storage device can reach full energy capacity within milliseconds via energy transmitted through radio frequency telemetry.

21. The implantable medical device of claim 20 wherein the energy storage device is a capacitor.

22. The implantable medical device of claim 20 wherein the energy storage device is a rechargeable battery.

23. The implantable medical device of claim 21 or 22 further comprising a voltage regulator cooperating with the supplemental power source to maintain a voltage level output from the supplemental power source of about 2-5 volts.

24. The implantable medical device of claim 23 wherein the rectifier circuit is a passive rectifier circuit.

25. The implantable medical device of claim 23 wherein the rectifier circuit is an active rectifier circuit.

26. The implantable medical device of claim 23 wherein the main power source is a rechargeable power source or a non-rechargeable power source.

27. The implantable medical device of claim 23 wherein the voltage regulator is comprised of zener diodes that maintain the voltage level output from the supplemental power source at a predetermined voltage level.

28. An implantable medical device comprising:

at least one lead to deliver electrical stimulation pulses to a patient;

a controller to initiate and control the communication of identification and information of the implantable medical device or the patient to an external programmer;

a main power source to supply electrical stimulation pulses to the at least one lead; and

a supplemental power source comprising an energy storage device for storage of energy transmitted via telemetry signals of sufficient power to energize the controller, at the request of the external programmer, and communicate identification and information of the implantable medical device or the patient to the external programmer when the main power source is depleted of power.

29. The implantable medical device of claim 28 wherein the energy storage device stores sufficient power in a microsecond to millisecond time frame through energy received via the telemetry signals from the external programmer.

30. The implantable medical device of claim 29 wherein the telemetry is comprised of radio frequency signals.

31. The implantable medical device of claim 29 wherein the energy storage device is either a capacitor or a rechargeable battery.

32. The implantable medical device of claim 31 wherein the controller communicates device identification and information to the external programmer via telemetry.

33. The implantable medical device of claim 32 further comprising non-volatile memory, whereby device status information and patient physiological information is stored and protected when the primary source is depleted for retrieval by the external programmer.

34. The implantable medical device of claim 31 wherein the main power source is a non-rechargeable rechargeable power source.

35. The implantable medical device of claim 31 wherein the main power source is a rechargeable power source.

36. A method for providing an electrical power feed selection for an implantable medical device comprising:

transmitting radio frequency signals to an antenna of the implantable medical device;

rectifying the radio frequency signals by a rectifier circuit;

storing energy contained in the transmitted radio frequency signals in a supplemental power source that comprises an energy storage device;

comparing voltage levels of an electrical main power source and the supplemental power source and outputting a signal from a comparator indicating which power source is greater;

receiving a signal from the comparator and selecting the supplemental power source as a power feed when the main power source is depleted; and

maintaining the voltage level from the supplemental power source at a predetermined level when the supplemental power source has been selected as the power feed, thereby allowing retrieval of patient and device data from the medical device.

37. A method for retrieving information and identification from an implantable medical device with a depleted main power source comprising the steps of:

activating a supplemental power source within the implantable medical device, the supplemental power source having a power capacity sufficient to immediately energize a controller within the implantable medical device;

providing power to the supplemental power source from an external programmer via telemetry;

providing power from the supplemental power source to the controller; and

retrieving device information and identification from the energized controller via telemetry.

38. An implantable medical device comprising:

an antenna operable to receive and transmit telemetry signals from the implantable medical device;

a charging circuit connected to the antenna;

a main electrical power source connected to a switching mechanism;

a supplemental power source cooperatively connected to the charging circuit for storing energy transmitted via telemetry signals, said supplemental power source also connected to the switching mechanism;

whereby the switching mechanism will feed power from the supplemental power source to a controller when the main power source is depleted, thereby reenergizing an inoperative medical device and allowing retrieval of patient and device information from the implantable medical device to the external controller via telemetry.

39. The implantable medical device of claim 38 wherein the switching mechanism is comprised of a comparator and a level shifter.

40. The implantable medical device of claim 39 wherein the comparator is operable to compare the voltage levels of the main power source and the supplemental power source and output a signal indicating which power source has a greater voltage;

and

the level shifter is operable to receive the output signal from the comparator and permit power to flow from either the main power source or the supplemental power source as a result of the signal received from the comparator to power the controller when the main power source is depleted.

41. An implantable medical device comprising:

a first antenna for receiving and transmitting telemetry signals;

a second antenna for receiving the telemetry signals;

a rectifier circuit connected to said second antenna;

a main electrical power source to supply power to the implantable medical device;

a supplemental power source, connected to the rectifier circuit, comprising an energy storage device for storage of sufficient energy to provide power to energize the implantable medical device, said energy received via telemetry signals from an external source;

a comparator, to compare voltage levels of the main power source and the supplemental power source and output a signal indicating which power source is greater; and

a level shifter operable to receive the output signal from the comparator, whereby the level shifter will permit power to flow from either the main electrical power source or the supplemental power source based on the signal received from the comparator to power the implantable medical device, thereby allowing communication with an external programmer via telemetry retrieval of identification and information of the medical device and the patient.

42. The implantable medical device of claim 41 wherein the supplemental power source further comprises a voltage regulator cooperating with the energy storage device to maintain a voltage level output from the supplemental power source of about 2-5 volts.

43. The implantable medical device of claim 42 wherein the voltage regulator is comprised of zener diodes that maintain the voltage level output from the supplemental power source at a predetermined voltage level.

44. The implantable medical device of claim 42 wherein the energy storage device reaches said sufficient power in a microsecond to millisecond time frame once the telemetry signal is initiated by the external programmer.

45. The implantable medical device of claim 44 wherein the energy storage device can be either a capacitor or a rechargeable battery.

46. The implantable medical device of claim 45 wherein the main power source can be either a rechargeable power source or a non-rechargeable power source.

47. The implantable medical device of claim 46 wherein the telemetry signal is a radio frequency signal.

48. The implantable medical device of claim 47 wherein the implantable medical device can be a pacemaker, a defibrillator, or a drug delivery device.

49. A method for providing an electrical power feed selection for an implantable medical device comprising:

transmitting radio frequency signals to a first and second antenna of the implantable medical device;

rectifying the radio frequency signals received at the second antenna by a rectifier circuit;

storing energy contained in the transmitted radio frequency signals in a supplemental power source that comprises an energy storage device;

comparing voltage levels of an electrical main power source and the supplemental power source and outputting a signal from a comparator indicating which power source is greater;

receiving a signal from the comparator and selecting the supplemental power source as a power feed when the main power source is depleted; and

maintaining the voltage level from the supplemental power source at a predetermined level when the supplemental power source has been selected as the power feed, thereby allowing retrieval of patient and device data from the medical device.

50. An implantable medical device comprising:

a first antenna operable to receive and transmit telemetry signals from the implantable medical device;

a second antenna operable to receive telemetry signals from an external programmer

a charging circuit connected to the second antenna;

a main electrical power source connected to a switching mechanism;

a supplemental power source cooperatively connected to the charging circuit for storing energy transmitted via telemetry signals, said supplemental power source also connected to the switching mechanism;

whereby the switching mechanism will feed power from the supplemental power source to a controller when the main power source is depleted, thereby reenergizing an inoperative medical device and allowing retrieval of patient and device information from the implantable medical device to the external controller via telemetry.

51. The implantable medical device of claim 50 wherein the switching mechanism is comprised of a comparator and a level shifter;

whereby the comparator is operable to compare the voltage levels of the main power source and the supplemental power source and output a signal indicating which power source has a greater voltage; and

the level shifter is operable to receive the output signal from the comparator and permit power to flow from either the main power source or the supplemental power source as a result of the signal received from the comparator to power the controller when the main power source is depleted.