Anatomically correct prosthesis and method and apparatus for manufacturing prosthesis

• US 6,459,948 B1
• Filed: 10/08/1999
• Issued: 10/01/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/03/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York (Columbia University)
• Original Assignee: Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York (Columbia University)
• Inventors: Ateshian, Gerard A., Mow, Van C., Pawluk, Robert J., Rosenwasser, Melvin P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hartman, Jr., Ronald D
• Application Number:
  US09/414,939
• Time in Patent Office: 1,089 Days
• Field of Search: 700/117, 700/159, 128/916, 128/922, 128/923, 623/11.11, 623/16.11, 623/18.11, 623/22.11
• US Class Current: 700/117
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30767 Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30942 for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4241 for hands, e.g. fingers
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30331 made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30828 parallel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3083 inclined obliquely with respect to each other
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30878 with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30943 using mathematical models
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30948 using computerized tomography, i.e. CT scans
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30952 using CAD-CAM techniques or NC-techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4258 for trapezo-metacarpal joints of thumbs
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4631 the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/0033 made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00395 Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of metals or of alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00796 Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite

Abstract

A joint prosthesis for attachment to a bone of a patient, comprising an anchor with a head surface and a stem for attachment to an end of the bone, the head surface having an anatomically accurate shape.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a joint prosthesis to replace a joint for a patient with a healthy joint contralateral to the joint to be replaced, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces;

comparing the imaged data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces with a database of mathematical descriptions of a plurality of articular joint surface archetypes to determine which bone of the plurality of articular joint surface archetypes exhibits the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from the imaged data; and

fabricating, for the joint to be replaced, a joint prosthesis to resemble the mirror image of the articular joint surface archetype which exhibits the smallest deviation in overall from the imaged data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises computed tomography.

5. A method of selecting, from a collection, a joint prosthesis to replace a joint for a patient with a healthy joint contralateral to the joint to be replaced, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces of the healthy joint contralateral to the joint to be replaced;

comparing the imaged data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces with a database of mathematical descriptions of a plurality of articular joint surface archetypes to determine which one of the plurality of articular joint surface archetypes exhibits the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from the imaged data; and

selecting, from the collection, for the joint to be replaced, the joint prosthesis which exhibits the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from the mirror image of the articular joint surface archetype which exhibits the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from the imaged data.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of selecting further comprises the step of selecting a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises computed tomography.

9. A method of manufacturing a joint prosthesis to replace a joint for a patient with a healthy joint contralateral to the joint to be replaced, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces;

fabricating, for the joint to be replaced, a mirror image replicate of the patient'"'"'s imaged healthy contralateral joint surfaces.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises computed tomography.

13. A method of manufacturing a joint prosthesis for a patient'"'"'s bone, comprising:

measuring a plurality of parameters including dimensions of the bone, the patient'"'"'s weight, the patient'"'"'s sex, and the patient'"'"'s height;

comparing the plurality of measured parameters with a respective plurality of corresponding parameters in a database of mathematical descriptions of a plurality of articular joint surface archetypes to determine which one of the plurality of articular joint surface archetypes has parameters exhibiting the most similarity to the measured parameters; and

fabricating the joint prosthesis to resemble the articular joint surface archetype which has parameters exhibiting the most similarity to the measured parameters.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

15. A method of manufacturing a joint prothesis for a patient'"'"'s bone, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the joint surface of the joint contralateral to the patient'"'"'s bone for which the joint prosthesis is being made;

modifying the imaged data of the joint surface of the joint contralateral to the patient'"'"'s bone to provide a more functional surface topography; and

fabricating a mirror image replicate of the modified imaged data to provide a functional joint prosthesis.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the joint surface of the patient'"'"'s bone comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the joint surface of the patient'"'"'s bone comprises computed tomography.

19. A method of manufacturing a joint prosthesis for a patient'"'"'s bone, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the joint surface of the joint contralateral to the patiently bone for which the joint prosthesis is being made;

comparing the imaged data of the joint surface of the patient'"'"'s bone with a database of mathematical descriptions of a plurality of articular joint surface archetypes;

modifying the imaged data of the joint surface of the joint contralateral to the patient'"'"'s bone to provide a more functional surface. topography while exhibiting the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from one of the plurality of articular joint surface archetypes;

fabricating the joint prosthesis to resemble the articular joint surface archetype which exhibits the smallest. deviation in overall dimensions from the Mirror image of the modified imaged data.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the joint surface of the patient'"'"'s bone comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the joint surface of the patient'"'"'s bone comprises computed tomography.

23. A method of manufacturing a joint prosthesis to replace a joint for a patient with a healthy joint contralateral to the joint to be replaced, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces;

modifying the imaged data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces to provide a more functional surface topography;

fabricating a replicate joint prosthesis of the mirror image of the modified imaged data to provide a functional joint prosthesis.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises computed tomography.

27. A method of manufacturing a joint prosthesis to replace a joint for a patient with a healthy joint contralateral to the joint to be replaced, comprising:

obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces;

comparing the imaged data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces with a database of mathematical descriptions of a plurality of articular joint surface archetypes;

modifying the imaged data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces to provide a more functional surface topography while exhibiting the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from one of the plurality of articular joint surface archetypes; and

fabricating the joint prosthesis to resemble the mirror image of the articular joint surface archetype which provides a functional joint prosthesis which also exhibits the smallest deviation in overall dimensions from the modified imaged data.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the step of fabricating further comprises the step of combining a plurality of modular head and stem sections.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises magnetic resonance imaging.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein the step of obtaining imaging data of the patient'"'"'s healthy contralateral joint surfaces comprises computed tomography.

31. An apparatus for manufacturing a joint prosthesis for a patient, comprising:

memory means for storing a database of a plurality of joint surface archetypes acquired through measurement of a plurality of joint surfaces, said plurality of joint surface archetypes being cross-referenced by parameters including dimensions of bone associated with the joint surface, the weight of a person from whom the measurement is being taken, the sex of the person from whom the measurement is being taken, the race of the person from whom the measurement is being taken, and the height of the person from whom the measurement is being taken;

input means for receiving a plurality of parameters exhibited by the patient;

a microprocessor connected to said memory means for selecting one of said plurality of joint surface archetypes whose parameters most closely resemble a corresponding plurality of parameters exhibited by the patient; and

a numerically-controlled fabrication means controlled by said microprocessor for fabricating the joint prosthesis to resemble the selected articular joint surface archetype.