Adaptive brain stimulation method and system
First Claim
1. An adaptive brain stimulation system for treating a brain disorder or dysfunction of a patient comprising:
- a. one or more sensors of biological activity coupled with a patient to sense a present state of a patient;
b. stimulating circuits coupled with the patient to stimulate a first brain region of the central nervous system of the patient according to a first set of stimulation parameters;
c. comparator circuits coupled with the one or more sensors to receive present state data therefrom regarding the present state of the patient and to carry out a statistical comparison operation between the present state data and reference state data, said comparison operation resulting in a positive outcome or a negative outcome; and
e. adjusting circuits coupled to the comparator circuits to receive data therefrom regarding said positive or negative outcome and coupled to the stimulating circuits to adjust the stimulation parameters according to the outcome of said comparison of the present state data and the reference state data.
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Abstract
Adaptive brain stimulation systems and methods aids in the rehabilitation of patients from traumatic brain injury, coma, movement disorder, or other brain dysfunction. After a direct brain stimulator is implanted in a brain region of a patient, the patient is stimulated according to a set of stimulation parameters. A present state is measured and compared to a reference state by statistical and medically relevant criteria. The subsequent program of stimulation is dependent upon the outcome of the comparison. An adaptive brain stimulation and reinforcement system and method is also described in which a second area of the brain is stimulated when stimulation of the first brain area produces a desired effect, thereby reinforcing the prior response of the brain.
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Citations
49 Claims
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1. An adaptive brain stimulation system for treating a brain disorder or dysfunction of a patient comprising:
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a. one or more sensors of biological activity coupled with a patient to sense a present state of a patient;
b. stimulating circuits coupled with the patient to stimulate a first brain region of the central nervous system of the patient according to a first set of stimulation parameters;
c. comparator circuits coupled with the one or more sensors to receive present state data therefrom regarding the present state of the patient and to carry out a statistical comparison operation between the present state data and reference state data, said comparison operation resulting in a positive outcome or a negative outcome; and
e. adjusting circuits coupled to the comparator circuits to receive data therefrom regarding said positive or negative outcome and coupled to the stimulating circuits to adjust the stimulation parameters according to the outcome of said comparison of the present state data and the reference state data. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. An adaptive brain stimulation system comprising:
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a. biological sensors coupled with a patient to sense a present state of at least a first brain region or a first set of brain regions and a second brain region or a second set of brain regions of a patient;
b. first stimulating circuits coupled with a first brain region or a first set of brain regions of the patient by a DBS set #1 to carry out stimulation according to a first set of stimulation parameters;
c. second stimulating circuits coupled with a second brain region or a second set of brain regions of the patient by a DBS set #2 to carry out stimulation according to a second set of stimulation parameters;
d. a comparator coupled with the sensors to receive data related to said present state and compare the present set data with reference state data, said comparing leading to a positive outcome or a negative outcome;
e. adjusting circuits coupled with the first and second stimulating circuits to control the first and second set of stimulation parameters according to the outcome of said comparing of the present and reference states. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. A method of using adaptive brain stimulation in the treatment of brain disorder or dysfunction of a patient comprising:
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a. sensing a present state of at least one brain region;
b. stimulating a first brain region or a first set of brain regions according to a set of stimulation parameters, c. performing a statistical comparison between the present state and a reference state, d. changing said stimulation parameters if the comparison fails to meet selected criteria, and e. repeating steps a, b, c, and d a number of times. - View Dependent Claims (27)
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28. A method of using adaptive brain stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson'"'"'s Disease and other movement disorders which comprises:
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a. sensing the present state of at least one brain region and/or peripheral region;
b. stimulating a first brain region or a first set of brain regions according to a set of stimulation parameters;
c. performing a statistical and medically significant comparison between the present state and a reference state;
d. changing said stimulation parameters if the comparison fails to meet selected criteria; and
e. repeating steps a, b, c, and d a number of times. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. An adaptive brain stimulation process of treating a patient comprising:
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a. stimulating a first brain region or a first set of brain regions of the patient according to a set of stimulation parameters;
b. sensing a present state of the patient;
c. comparing data related to the sensed present state of the patient to data related to a reference state to derive comparison results;
d. determining whether to make a change in the stimulation parameters and, if so, what change, depending on the comparison results;
e. making any changes in the stimulation parameters determined in the preceding step d; and
f. repeating steps a, b, c, d, and e a number of times. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. An adaptive brain stimulation process of treating a brain disorder or dysfunction of a patient comprising:
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a. sensing a first present state of the patient;
b. comparing data of the sensed present state of the patient to data from a reference state to derive comparison results;
c. repeating steps a and b, after a specified delay, if said comparison results meet a specified criteria and performing steps d, e, f, g, h and i if said comparison results fail to meet said specified criteria;
d. stimulating a first brain region or a first set of brain regions of the patient according to a set of stimulation parameters;
e. sensing a second present state of the patient;
f. comparing data related to the sensed second present state of the patient to data related to a reference state to derive comparison results;
g. determining whether to make a change in the stimulation parameters and, if so, what change, depending on the comparison results;
h. making any changes in the stimulation parameters determined in the preceding step g; and
i. repeating steps a, b, and c a specified number of times.
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44. An adaptive brain stimulation process of treating a brain disorder or dysfunction of a patient comprising:
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a. setting a specific value for at least one stimulation parameter and stimulating at least one brain region or set of brain regions b. sensing a first present state of the patient;
c. comparing said sensed first present state of the patient to data from a reference state to derive a comparison result score;
d. augmenting or decrementing the value of said at least one stimulation parameter e. repeating steps a, b, c, and d a specified number of times to obtain a set of comparison result scores f. setting said at least one stimulation parameter to said value that resulted in the lowest comparison result score of said set of comparison result scores g. sensing a specified number of times to obtain a number of discrete samples of a second present state h. comparing each of said discrete samples of a second present state or the mean of said discrete samples of a said present state to a reference state in order to obtain a success score, and performing step i if said success score fails to meet a specified criteria and repeating steps g and h if said success score succeeds in meeting said specified criteria. i. repeating steps a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47)
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48. A method of using adaptive brain stimulation for treating a patient using the paired DBS iterative (PDBSI) process comprising:
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a. stimulating a first brain region or a first set of brain regions of the patient according to a set of stimulation parameters;
b. sensing a present state of the patient;
c. comparing data related to the sensed present state of the patient to data related to a reference state to derive comparison results;
d. determining whether to make a change in at least one of said stimulation parameters for two stimulation electrodes and, if so, what change, depending on the comparison results;
e. making any changes in the stimulation parameters determined in the preceding step d; and
f. waiting a specified amount of time and then repeating steps a, b, c, d and e for a specified number of times g. adjusting the stimulation parameters to the settings which produced the lowest said comparison results or the highest said comparison results h. repeating steps a, b, c, and h, while said comparison results of step c succeed in meeting some specified criteria and if said comparison results fail to meet said specified criteria, repeating steps a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h. - View Dependent Claims (49)
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Specification