Electrically-controllable multi-fingered resilient heart compression devices

• US 6,464,655 B1
• Filed: 03/15/2000
• Issued: 10/15/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 03/17/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Environmental Robots Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Environmental Robots Incorporated
• Inventors: Shahinpoor, Mohsen
• Primary Examiner(s): Jastrzab, Jeffrey R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Oropeza, Frances P.
• Application Number:
  US09/526,038
• Time in Patent Office: 944 Days
• Field of Search: 600/16, 600/17, 600/37, 623/3.1, 623/3-7-, 601/134, 601/135, 601/152, 601/153
• US Class Current: 601/153
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/161 mechanically acting upon the outside of the patient's blood vessel structure, e.g. compressive structures placed around a vessel
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/191 mechanically acting upon the outside of the patient's native heart, e.g. compressive structures placed around the heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/289 Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation assisting the residual heart function by means mechanically acting upon the patient's native heart or blood vessel structure, e.g. direct cardiac compression [DCC] devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/484 generated by electro-thermomechanical actuators, e.g. shape memory alloy actuators
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/531 using blood pressure data, e.g. from blood pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/569 synchronous with the native heart beat
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/876 Implantable batteries

Abstract

Soft, multi-fingered resilient robotic fingers for selectively assisting the ventricles, and in particular the left ventricle, of a weak heart to produce internal pressure and to pump blood from one or more sides, in synchrony with the natural systolic contraction of the ventricle, as well as providing arrhythmia control of a beating heart. The apparatus is microprocessor and electrically-controlled and completely implantable. The plurality of soft fingers monitor and gently squeeze the heart (systole) to enhance blood circulation and assist a weak heart. The soft fingers work in harmony, by means of a micro-processor controlled solenoid or other linear robotic actuators such as metal-hydride actuators or polymeric artificial muscles, and a resilient body or a spring, to close once the solenoid is powered electrically and quickly retract away from the heart when the solenoid is not powered. This quick opening action allows the heart to expand freely (diastole) once it is compressed to allow the blood to naturally and freely return to the heart ventricles and coronary veins. The soft fingers can be connected to each other by means of elastic membranes or skirts to provide a resilient compression cup. The structure is equipped with a flexible and undulating stem connecting the structure to the robotic actuation mechanism housed in the abdomen of the patient. Monitoring electrones can be affixed to the soft fingers. The power supply for the implanted device can be long lasting batteries that can be recharged transcutaneously.

Claims

1. An implantable organ compression apparatus for selectively assisting blood pumping through the organ, the apparatus comprising:

at least one finger for compressing the organ during systole releasing the organ during diastole; and

a robotic actuating mechanism for actuating and releasing said at least one finger comprising an actuating cable, wherein said robotic actuating means further comprises a spring loaded apparatus for releasing said at least one finger.

2. The invention of claim 1 wherein said at least one finger comprises a soft outer cover.

3. The invention of claim 1 wherein said at least one finger further comprises at least one bump.

4. The invention of claim 1 wherein said at least one finger further comprises a pressure sensor.

5. The invention of claim 1 wherein said at least one finger further comprises a motion sensor.

6. The invention of claim 1 wherein said at least one finger further comprises a skirt.

7. The invention of claim 1 wherein said robotic actuating mechanism comprises a control apparatus.

8. The invention of claim 1 further comprises a power source.

9. The invention of claim 8 wherein said power source comprises an implantable battery.

10. The invention of claim 8 wherein said power source is transcutaneous.

17. The invention of claim 1 further comprising a base support for actuating said actuating cable configured to be housed in the base of the abdomen.

18. The invention of claim 1 further comprising a flexible stem encasing said actuating cable.

11. An implantable organ compression apparatus for selectively assisting blood pumping through the organ, the apparatus comprising:

at least one finger, wherein said at least one finger is pivotally affixed to a base platform and a central platform; and

a robotic actuating mechanism comprising an actuating cable for pulling said central platform towards said base platform thus causing said at least one finger to compress the organ during an actuation cycle and pushing said central platform away from said base platform thus causing said at least one finger to release the organ during a deactivation cycle.

12. The invention of claim 11 wherein said at least one finger further comprises a pressure monitoring apparatus.

13. The invention of claim 11 wherein said at least one finger further comprises a motion sensing apparatus.

14. The invention of claim 11 wherein said at least one finger further comprises at least one bump.

15. The invention of claim 11 wherein said actuating cable further comprises a flexible stem.

16. The invention of claim 11 wherein said robotic actuating mechanism further comprises a spring loaded collar for pushing said central platform away from said base platform.