Implantable drug delivery system

• US 6,464,687 B1
• Filed: 03/09/2000
• Issued: 10/15/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 03/09/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ball Semiconductor, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Ball Semiconductor, Inc.
• Inventors: Hayes, Steven R., Ishikawa, Akira, Ahn, Samuel S., Ahn, Suzanne I., Takeda, Nabuo, Gaffney, F. Andrew
• Primary Examiner(s): Walberg, Teresa
• Assistant Examiner(s): ROBINSON, DANIEL LEON
• Application Number:
  US09/521,922
• Time in Patent Office: 950 Days
• Field of Search: 604/891.1, 604/890.1, 604/65, 604/67, 424/422, 424/83, 128/213, 128/260, 128/635, 205/665, 257/618
• US Class Current: 604/891.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0008 Temperature signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/03 Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs A61B5/205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14539 for measuring pH
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14542 for measuring blood gases A61B5/14551 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1473 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14865 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/416 the spleen
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 2200/42 Heating means
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 2200/72 for temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 2205/60 using magnetic or electronic identifications, e.g. chips, RFID, electronic tags
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/0244 Micromachined materials, e.g. made from silicon wafers, microelectromechanical systems [MEMS] or comprising nanotechnology
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3523 using telemetric means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1723 using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure measurement of body parameters A61B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/077 Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07758 arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/0657 characterised by the shape of the body
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/1017 : being a sphere

Abstract

A miniature implantable drug delivery capsule system. The drug delivery system (400) comprises one or more ball semiconductor aggregations (404) and (406) facilitating release of a drug stored in a reservoir (402). The first aggregate (404) is used for sensing and memory, and a second aggregation (406) for control aspects, such as for pumping and dispensing of the drug. Notably, the aggregates (404) and (406) may be interconnected by a common bus (410) for communication purposes, or may be implemented to operate independently of each other. Each aggregate (404) and (406) is encased in a semipermeable membrane (408) to allow species which are to be monitored, and drugs to be delivered, to freely diffuse. The system (400) may communicate with a remote control system, or operate independently on local power over a long period for delivery of the drug based upon a request of the patient, timed-release under control by the system (400), or delivery in accordance with measured markers.

Claims

1. A system for delivering a drug to a patient, comprising:

a drug storage medium for storing a drug; and

one or more aggregations of semiconductor devices operatively connected to said drug storage medium for monitor and control of the dispensing of the drug;

wherein the system is implanted in the body of the patient at a drug delivery site for delivery of the drug to said site wherein said semiconductor devices are substantially spherical in shape.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein a first aggregate of said semiconductor devices performs a sensing function and a second aggregate of said semiconductor devices performs a control function to control dispensing of the drug.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein said second aggregation communicates with a remote control station to obtain power, and operatively connects with said first aggregation to receive sensor data for facilitating delivery of the drug.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein said remote control station is external to the body of the patient, and comprises a display for presenting information to an operator.

5. The system of claim 3, wherein said remote control station is implanted in the body of the patient proximate to the drug delivery system.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein said remote control station is implanted in the body remotely from the drug delivery system such that said remote control station communicates with the drug delivery system to control delivery of the drug to the said site.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein said one or more aggregations operate independently of a remote control station where power is supplied by an onboard battery source and operation of the system is controlled by a program stored local to said one or more aggregations and executed locally by a processor.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein said one or more aggregations provide a stimulus function in cooperation with delivery of the drug.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein said storage medium is a polyelectrolytic hydrogel covalently attached to the surface of one or more of said one or more aggregations of semiconductor devices, and which operates to inhibit release of the drug when the surface polarity of said semiconductor device is positive, and promotes release of the drug when the surface polarity is negative.

10. A drug delivery device, comprising:

a semiconductor device which is miniature in size and substantially spherical in shape; and

a drug storage medium attached to said semiconductor device;

wherein the drug delivery device is implanted in a patient for controlled release of the drug.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein said drug storage medium is a polyelectrolytic hydrogel which is covalently attached to the surface of said semiconductor device, and surrounds said semiconductor device.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein said hydrogel has a negative polarity, and promotes the release of the drug when the surface polarity of said semiconductor device is negative, and inhibits the release of the drug when the surface polarity of said semiconductor device is positive.

13. A drug delivery system for delivering a drug to a patient, comprising:

a miniature semiconductor device with circuitry for receiving power and control signals by RF transmission from a remote station;

a drug storage medium incorporated with said semiconductor device and operating under the control of said semiconductor device;

wherein said semiconductor device is implanted with said drug storage medium in a patient'"'"'s body; and

wherein signals from said remote station are transmitted to said semiconductor device to controllably direct delivery of the drug from said drug storage medium into said patient'"'"'s body wherein said semiconductor device is sperically shaped.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein a condition is sensed within said patient'"'"'s body and communicating data representative of said sensed condition by RF signals from semiconductor device to said remote station for monitoring and controlling the drug delivery in accordance therewith.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein said drug delivery medium comprises a hydrogel coating on the surface of said semiconductor device.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein said drug delivery medium comprises a subcutaneous reservoir controlled by said semiconductor device.