Method of determining a sound localization filter and a sound localization control system incorporating the filter

• US 6,466,913 B1
• Filed: 06/29/1999
• Issued: 10/15/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/01/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ricoh Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Ricoh Company Limited
• Inventors: Kasuga, Masao, Yasuda, Seigou
• Primary Examiner(s): Dorvil, Richemond
• Assistant Examiner(s): Opsasnick, Michael N.
• Application Number:
  US09/346,055
• Time in Patent Office: 1,204 Days
• Field of Search: 704/500, 704/270, 704/200, 381/1, 381/2, 381/17, 381/19, 381/20, 381/61, 381/300-309
• US Class Current: 704/500
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/00 Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility G10L19/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 5/027 Spatial or constructional arrangements of microphones, e.g. in dummy heads
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 5/033 Headphones for stereophonic communication details thereof, e.g. relating to batteries, cables or control elements H04R1/10
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 1/005 For headphones
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 2420/01 Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]

Abstract

A method of determining a sound localization filter for approximation of a head related transfer function. The method comprises storing a plurality of sets of initial parameters with respect to a plurality of predetermined direction angles about a front position of a listener into a memory, reading one of the sets of initial parameters from the memory in accordance with a localization shift signal, calculating an optimum filter parameter based on the read initial parameters, the optimum filter parameter needed to approximate desired frequency characteristics of the head related transfer function, determining filter coefficients of the sound localization filter based on the optimum filter parameter and supplying the determined filter coefficients to a coefficient buffer provided for the sound localization filter.

Claims

1. A method of determining a sound localization filter for approximation of a head related transfer function, comprising:

storing a plurality of sets of initial parameters with respect to a plurality of predetermined direction angles about a front position of a listener into a memory;

reading one of the sets of initial parameters from the memory in accordance with a localization shift signal;

calculating an optimum filter parameter based on the read initial parameters, the optimum filter parameter needed to approximate desired frequency characteristics of the head related transfer function;

determining filter coefficients of the sound localization filter based on the optimum filter parameter; and

supplying the determined filter coefficients to a coefficient buffer provided for the sound localization filter.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of calculating interpolated parameters based on the initial parameters read from the memory in accordance with the localization shift signal when shifting a localized position of a simulated sound source into an intermediate position between the predetermined direction angles about the front position of the listener is requested by the localization shift signal.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising steps of:

providing, prior to said storing step, measurements of frequency characteristics of the head related transfer function for each of the predetermined direction angles about the front position of the listener;

extracting initial parameters from the measurements of the frequency characteristics; and

supplying the initial parameters to the memory, so that the plurality of sets of initial parameters with respect to each of the predetermined direction angles about the front position of the listener are stored in the memory.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said calculating step including:

selecting a set of sample frequency points from a design filter transfer function; and

changing a filter parameter which is one of the initial parameters so as to approximate the desired frequency characteristics such that difference errors between the desired frequency characteristics and design filter characteristics at the sample frequency points are minimized.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said calculating step includes:

inputting desired frequency characteristics of the head related transfer function, the desired frequency characteristics being represented by a center frequency, a filter gain and a quality factor;

inputting a filter order and roughly estimated initial parameters;

determining ranking of the initial parameters by a filter gain of each initial parameter;

aligning a center frequency of design filter characteristics with the center frequency of the desired frequency characteristics;

aligning a filter gain of the design filter characteristics with the filter gain of the desired frequency characteristics; and

optimizing a quality factor of the design filter characteristics so as to approximate the desired frequency characteristics through an optimum filter parameter calculation such that the difference errors between the desired frequency characteristics and the design filter characteristics at sample frequency points are minimized; and

terminating the optimum filter parameter calculation when the difference errors are smaller than a threshold value.

6. A sound localization control system which shifts a localized position of a simulated sound source relative to a front position of a listener into a desired position in response to a localization shift signal and has a cross-fade function, comprising:

a sound localization filter which inputs a sound signal and generates a localized sound signal based on filter coefficients and on the input sound signal, the filter having an input selector and an output selector;

an input buffer which temporarily stores the input sound signal;

a coefficient buffer which stores the filter coefficients of the filter;

a first output buffer which temporarily stores the localized sound signal output by the filter when the filter is connected to the first output buffer via the output selector;

a second output buffer which temporarily stores the localized sound signal output by the filter when the filter is connected to the second output buffer via the output selector;

a fader, connected to the first and second output buffers, which provides the cross-fade function of the localized sound signals output from the first and second output buffers; and

a control unit which replaces the filter coefficients stored in the coefficient buffer, with new filter coefficients by transmitting the new filter coefficients to the coefficient buffer when a localization shift signal is received, the control unit controlling the input and output selectors of the filter so as to connect the input buffer and the filter and connect the filter and one of the first and second output buffers, wherein the filter generates a new localized sound signal based on the sound signal stored in the input buffer and on the new filter coefficients stored in the coefficient buffer, and supplies the new localized sound signal to said one of the first and second output buffers via the output selector, the first and second output buffers outputting the localized sound signal and the new localized sound signal to the fader.

7. The sound localization control system of claim 6, further comprising an initial parameter memory connected to the control unit which stores a plurality of sets of initial parameters, for the filter, with respect to a plurality of predetermined direction angles about the front position of the listener.

8. The sound localization control system of claim 7, wherein the control unit includes an optimum parameter calculating unit which calculates an optimum filter parameter based on the initial parameters read from the initial parameter memory in accordance with the localization shift signal.

9. The sound localization control system of claim 8, wherein the control unit includes a filter coefficient determining unit which determines filter coefficients of the filter based on the optimum filter parameter supplied by the optimum parameter calculating unit, the control unit controlling the filter coefficient determining unit so that the determined filter coefficients are supplied from the filter coefficient determining unit to the coefficient buffer.

10. The sound localization control system of claim 7, wherein the control unit includes a parameter interpolation calculating unit which calculates interpolated parameters based on the initial parameters read from the initial parameter memory, when shifting the localized position of the simulated sound source into an intermediate position between the predetermined direction angles is requested by the localization shift signal.

11. The sound localization control system claim 6, wherein the sound localization filter is constituted by a digital IIR filter.