Method and apparatus for estimating body fat
First Claim
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1. A machine-implemented method for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising the steps of:
- receiving input indicating data concerning the person;
estimating the body fat percentage of the person based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of a weight of the person over a square of a height of the person; and
outputting the estimated body fat percentage.
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Abstract
The body fat percentage for a person is estimated from the BMI of the person by employing a multiple regression analysis using the reciprocal of the BMI (1/BMI) as the independent variable. In other embodiments, potentially independent and easily obtained variables such as age, sex, and ethnicity are also used in conjunction to provide precise estimates of the body fat percentage. Devices for estimating the body fat percentage can be implemented as calculators, smart scales, and Internet web sites.
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Citations
31 Claims
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1. A machine-implemented method for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising the steps of:
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receiving input indicating data concerning the person;
estimating the body fat percentage of the person based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of a weight of the person over a square of a height of the person; and
outputting the estimated body fat percentage. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression comprising A−
K×
1/BMI,wherein A and K are predetermined constants, and 1/BMI is the reciprocal of the body mass index.
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5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of receiving input indicating a sex of the person,
wherein the step of said estimating includes the step of estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index and the sex of the person. -
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of said estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index and the sex of the person includes the step of:
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calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression containing A−
K×
1/BMI−
B×
sex+C×
sex×
1/BMI,wherein A, B, C, and K are predetermined constants, sex indicates the sex of the person, and 1/BMI is the reciprocal of the body mass index.
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7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising the step of receiving input indicating an age of the person,
wherein the step of said estimating includes the step of estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index, the sex of the person, and the age of the person. -
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step of said estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index, the sex of the person, and the age of the person includes the step of:
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calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression containing A−
K×
1/BMI−
B×
age+C×
sex+D×
sex×
age+E×
sex×
1/BMI,wherein A, B, C, D, E, and K are predetermined constants, sex indicates the sex of the person, age indicates the age of the person, and 1/BMI is the reciprocal of the body mass index.
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9. The method according to claim 1, farther comprising the step of receiving input indicating an age of the person,
wherein the step of said estimating includes the step of estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index and the age of the person. -
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of said estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index and the age of the person includes the step of:
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calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression containing A−
K×
1/BMI−
B×
age,wherein A, B, and K are predetermined constants, age indicates the age of the person, and 1/BMI is the reciprocal of the body mass index.
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11. The method according to claim 9, further comprising the step of receiving input indicating a sex of the person,
wherein the step of said estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index and the age of the person includes the steps of: -
calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression containing A1−
K×
1/BMI−
B1×
age if the sex is male,calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression containing A2−
K2×
1/BMI−
B2×
age if the sex is female,wherein A1, B1, A2, B2, K1 and K2 are predetermined constants, age indicates the age of the person, 1/BMI is the reciprocal of the body mass index, A1 is different from A2, and B1 is different from B2.
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12. The method according to claim 1, for comprising the step of receiving input indicating a sex, an age, and an ethnic group of the person,
wherein the step of said estimating includes the step of estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index, the sex of the person, the age of the person, and the ethic group of the person. -
13. The method according to claim 12, the step of said estimating the body fat percentage based on the reciprocal of the body mass index, the sex of the person, the age of the person, and the ethnic group of the person includes the step of:
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calculating the estimated body fat percentage in accordance with an expression containing A−
K×
1/BMI−
B×
sex+C×
age+D×
asian×
1/BMI+E×
asian+F×
sex×
age+G×
sex×
1/BMIwherein A, B, C, D, E, F, and K are predetermined constants, age indicates the age of the person, asian indicates whether the person belongs to an Asian ethnic group, and 1/BMI is the reciprocal of the body mass index.
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14. A machine-implemented method for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising the steps of:
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receiving input indicating a body fat percentage measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA);
estimating a 4-Compartment body fat percentage of the person based on the body fat percentage measured by DXA; and
outputting the estimated 4-Compartment body fat percentage. - View Dependent Claims (15)
calculating the estimated 4-Compartment body fat percentage in accordance with an expression comprising A−
K×
dxa,wherein A and K are predetermined constants, and dxa is a variable that indicates the body fat percentage measured by DXA.
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16. An apparatus for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising:
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one or more inputs for receiving data concerning the person;
a controller for estimating the body fat percentage of the person based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of a weight of the person over a square of a height of the person; and
a display for outputting the estimated body fat percentage.
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17. A scale for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising:
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one or more inputs for receiving data concerning the person;
a weight scale for measuring a weight of the person;
a controller for estimating the body fat percentage of the person based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of the weight of the person over a square of a height of the person; and
a display for outputting the estimated body fat percentage. - View Dependent Claims (18)
the data include a mode input; and
the controller is configured for selectively displaying one of the estimated body fat percentage and the weight of the person in response to the mode input.
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19. A computer-readable medium bearing instructions for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, said instructions being arranged to cause one or more processors upon execution thereby to perform the steps of:
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receiving input indicating data concerning the person;
estimating the body fat percentage of the person based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of a weight of the person over a square of a height of the person; and
outputting the estimated body fat percentage.
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20. A machine-implemented method for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising the steps of:
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inputting data concerning the person at a terminal;
transmitting the data to the server via a network;
estimating the body fat percentage of the person at a server based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of a weight of the person over a square of a height of the person;
transmitting the estimated body fat percentage to the terminal via the network; and
displaying the estimated body fat percentage at the terminal. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. An apparatus for estimating a body fat percentage of a person, comprising:
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a computer terminal for inputting data concerning the person;
a server for estimating the body fat percentage of the person based on a reciprocal of a body mass index (BMI), wherein the body mass index includes a quotient of a weight of the person over a square of a height of the person; and
a network connecting the terminal and the server for transmitting the data from the terminal to the server and for transmitting the estimated body fat percentage to the terminal;
wherein the terminal comprises a display for displaying the estimated body fat percentage.- View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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Specification