SleepSmart

• US 6,468,234 B1
• Filed: 11/10/2000
• Issued: 10/22/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/14/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford University), The United States of America Represented by The Department of Veterans Affairs
• Original Assignee: US Department of Veterans Affairs (Government of the United States of America), Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford University)
• Inventors: Osada, Tomoaki, Kobayashi, Hisato, Ford, Joel S., Van der Loos, H. F. Machiel, Norman, Joseph
• Primary Examiner(s): Shaver, Kevin
• Assistant Examiner(s): Astorino, Michael C
• Application Number:
  US09/710,495
• Time in Patent Office: 711 Days
• Field of Search: 600/300-301, 600/544-545, 600/549, 600/590, 600/587, 128/903, 128/904, 128/920-925, 705/2, 705/3, 340/573
• US Class Current: 600/595
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1126 using a particular sensing technique
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4815 Sleep quality
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6887 mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/726 using Wavelet transforms
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/00 Instruments for auscultation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/92 Computer assisted medical diagnostics

Abstract

A method and apparatus for measuring sleep quality that utilizes sensors incorporated in a sheet which is laid on top of a conventional mattress on which the subject sleeps. The sensors can collect information such as the subject'"'"'s position, temperature, sound/vibration/movement, and optionally other physical properties. The apparatus for monitoring an individual'"'"'s sleep quality is comprised of one or more layers of arrays of integrated sensors, which can be incorporated in layer pads, which is then placed on a conventional mattress; one or more controllers coupled with the arrays of integrated sensors in each layer pad for the purpose of acquiring data from the sensors; a real-time analysis software for analyzing data acquired by the controller from the array of integrated sensors; an interface software for collecting user lifestyle data; a lifestyle correlation software for correlating the lifestyle data with the data acquired by said array of sensors; one or more active components to improve sleep quality based on the data acquired through the sensors and the lifestyle data. The array of sensors provide one or more of the following data: position, temperature, sound, vibration, and movement data. Each layer pad can be individually removed or added as necessary depending on the data being collected.

Claims

1. An apparatus for monitoring an individual'"'"'s sleep quality comprising:

one or more layers of arrays of integrated sensors, embedded in a layer pad and said layer pad is laid between a mattress and said individual, wherein said arrays of integrated sensors are distributed with a low spatial resolution and wherein each of said integrated sensors in said layer pad provide different type of data;

one or more controllers coupled with said layers of arrays of integrated sensors for the purpose of acquiring said data from said sensors; and

a real-time analysis software for analyzing said data acquired by said controller, wherein said analysis software transforms said data collected by said controller from time domain to event domain using wavelet transformations, frequency domain using wavelet transformations, or event and frequency domain using wavelet transformations.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further comprising an interface software for collecting user lifestyle data.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein said user lifestyle data is one or more data from the group consisting:

last time and how much a meal was eaten, how much medication, vitamins, and products containing caffeine and alcohol was consumed, estimate of stress level, amount and intensity of exercise, and an estimation of the quality of sleep just experienced overnight.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a lifestyle correlation software for correlating said lifestyle data with said data.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said lifestyle correlation software provides correlation analysis between any of said data collected by said controller and by said interface software.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said lifestyle correlation software utilizes aggregate data from several days to several months to compute and present long-term averages, trends, and singularities.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 further comprising one or more active components to improve sleep quality based on said data acquired through said array of sensors and said lifestyle data.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein said active components are chosen from a group consisting:

a temperature control system to alter said mattress or room temperature based on body temperature data, an alarm activated based on a particular point in a person'"'"'s circadian rhythm, and an active tilting mattress support activated to encourage a person to roll over to alleviate snoring.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a mattress pad upon which the layer pads are placed.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein a layer pad of array of sensors provide one or more of the following data:

position, temperature, sound, vibration, and movement data.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said controller is chosen from a group consisting of:

an embedded controller, a desktop personal computer, a laptop computer, and a hand-held portable device.

12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said real-time analysis software can extract means, variances, characteristic frequencies, and counts from said data from said controller and calculate an index of nightly restlessness.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said real-time analysis software extracts one or more information in a group consisting of:

body temperature, position and movement, mattress pressure, breathing and heart rate, snoring, and bruxism.

14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said one or more layers of said sparse arrays of said integrated sensors are zoned to a specific body area of said individual.

15. A method for monitoring an individual'"'"'s sleep quality comprising the steps:

placing one or more layer pads, within which arrays of integrated sensors, wherein said arrays of integrated sensors are distributed with a low spatial resolution and wherein each of said integrated sensors provide different type of data, are embedded, horizontally beneath a subject to be monitored between a mattress and said individual;

using a controller to acquire said data provided by said arrays of integrated sensors;

using a real-time analysis software for analyzing said data acquired by said controller from said array of integrated sensors, wherein said analysis software transforms said data collected by said controller from time domain to event domain using wavelet transformations, frequency domain using wavelet transformations, or event and frequency domain using wavelet transformations.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15 further comprising using an interface software for collecting user lifestyle data.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16 wherein said user lifestyle data is one or more data from the group consisting:

last time and how much a meal was eaten, how much medication, vitamins, and products containing caffeine and alcohol was consumed, estimate of stress level, amount and intensity of exercise, and an estimation of the quality of sleep just experienced overnight.

18. The method as claimed in claim 16 further comprising using a lifestyle correlation software for correlating said lifestyle data with said data acquired by said array of sensors.

19. The method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said lifestyle correlation software provides correlation analysis between any of said data collected by said controller and by said interface software.

20. The method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said lifestyle correlation software utilizes aggregate data from several days to several months to compute and present long-term averages, trends, and singularities.

21. The method as claimed in claim 16 further comprising using one or more active components to improve sleep quality based on said data acquired through said array of sensors and said lifestyle data.

22. The apparatus as claimed in claim 21 wherein said active components are chosen from a group consisting:

a temperature control system to alter said mattress or room temperature based on body temperature data, an alarm activated based on a particular point in a person'"'"'s circadian rhythm, and an active tilting mattress support activated to encourage a person to roll over to alleviate snoring.

23. The method as claimed in claim 15 further comprising a mattress pad upon which the layer pads are placed.

24. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein a layer pad of array of sensors provide one or more of the following data:

position, temperature, sound, vibration, and movement data.

25. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein said controller is chosen from a group comprising:

an embedded controller, a desktop personal computer, laptop computer, and a hand-held portable device.

26. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein said real-time analysis software extracts one or more information in a group consisting of:

body temperature, position and movement, mattress pressure, breathing and heart rate, snoring, and bruxism.

27. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein said real-time analysis software can extract means, variances, characteristic frequencies, and counts from said data from said controller and calculate an index of nightly restlessness.

28. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein said one or more layers of said sparse arrays of said integrated sensors are zoned to a specific body area of said subject.