Three dimensional ultrasonic diagnostic imaging with high density hexagonal acquisition

• US 6,471,650 B2
• Filed: 07/31/2001
• Issued: 10/29/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 08/24/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Powers, Jeffry E., Pesque, Patrick René, Averkiou, Michalakis, Entrekin, Robert R., Roundhill, David N., Bruce, Matthew, Schwartz, Gary Allen, Skyba, Danny M., Fraser, John D., Robinson, Brent Stephen, Cooley, Clifford R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US09/919,681
• Publication Number:
  US 20020045827A1
• Time in Patent Office: 455 Days
• Field of Search: 600/437, 600/443, 600/447, 600/459, 128/916, 736/25--26
• US Class Current: 600/447
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0883 for diagnosis of the heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0891 for diagnosis of blood vessels
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4472 Wireless probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/481 involving the use of contrast agent, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream analysis of echo signal exploiting properties of a contrast enhancer in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52039
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/483 involving the acquisition of a 3D volume of data
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/543 involving acquisition triggered by a physiological signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8918 the array being linear
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8925 the array being a two-dimensional transducer configuration, i.e. matrix or orthogonal linear arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/894 by rotation about a single axis
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8963 using pulse inversion
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8979 Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8993 Three dimensional imaging systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52025 for pulse systems G01S7/52034 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52074 Composite displays, e.g. split-screen displays; Combination of multiple images or of images and alphanumeric tabular information
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5208 with integration of processing functions inside probe or scanhead
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52095 using multiline receive beamforming
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/341 Circuits therefor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/916 Ultrasound 3-D imaging

Abstract

An ultrasonic imaging method and apparatus are described for imaging the coronary arteries of the heart. The vascular system is infused with an ultrasonic contrast agent. A volumetric region of the heart wall including a coronary artery is three dimensionally scanned. A projection image of the volumetric region is produced from the scanning, providing a two dimensional contrast image of the coronary artery with the appearance of an angiogram. Preferably the coronary artery signals are segmented from contrast signals emanating from the myocardium and the heart blood pool so that the coronary arteries are clearly highlighted and distinct in the ultrasonic angiogram.

Claims

1. A method for ultrasonically scanning a volumetric region by means of a scanhead including a two dimensional array of transducer elements coupled to an ultrasonic imaging system comprising:

acquiring a plurality of scanlines from the volumetric region comprising at least a portion of a scanline pattern which, when viewed axially along the scanlines, is hexagonal in shape; and

interpolating two or more of the plurality of scanlines to increase the scanline density of the hexagonal pattern.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring comprises acquiring at least six scanlines which, when viewed axially, form a hexagon.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein acquiring comprises acquiring the six scanlines simultaneously by multiline acquisition.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein acquiring comprises acquiring the six scanlines from locations insonified by a single transmit beam.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein interpolating further comprises linearly interpolating a scanline spatially located between two or more scanlines acquired during acquiring.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein interpolating further comprises performing two-point interpolation of two spatially distinct scanlines.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein interpolating further comprises weighting the values of spatially distinct scanlines by weighting factors which are a factor off two (2⁻

1).

8. The method of claim 7, wherein interpolating further comprises utilizing weighting factors which are in the proportions of ¼

;

¾

.

9. The method of claim 5, wherein interpolating further comprises linearly interpolating a scanline spatially located between two interpolated scanlines.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein interpolating further comprises performing r.f. interpolation of scanline data.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising filtering interpolated scanline data.

12. An ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system for three dimensional imaging comprising:

a scanhead including a two dimensional array of transducer elements which transmits beams of ultrasonic energy into a volumetric region and receives ultrasound signals in return;

a beamformer coupled to the elements of the array which acts to form scanlines from the volumetric region in at least part of a hexagonal pattern; and

an interpolator coupled to the beamformer which forms interpolated scanlines in the hexagonal pattern.

13. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 12, wherein the beamformer comprises a multiline beamformer which acts to produce a plurality of scanlines in response to a single transmit event.

14. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 12, wherein the interpolator comprises an r.f. interpolator.

15. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 12, wherein the interpolator comprises a linear interpolator.

16. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 15, wherein the interpolator comprises an interpolator which combines weighted scanline pairs to produce an interpolated scanline.

17. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 16, wherein the interpolator further comprises scanline weighting values of ½

, ½

.

18. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 16, wherein the interpolator further comprises scanline weighting values of ¼

, ¾

.

19. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 12, wherein the interpolator further comprises a multi-level interpolator which forms interpolated scanlines from other interpolated scanlines.

20. The ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system of claim 12, further comprising a filter, coupled to the interpolator, which acts to filter interpolated scanline data.