Automatic battery charging system for a battery back-up DC power supply
First Claim
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1. A battery management system for a battery connected to a load bus wherein the load bus is further connected to a primary DC source, comprising:
- variable isolation impedance means having high reverse impedance and variable forward impedance connected in circuit with said battery for electrically isolating said battery from said system load bus without loss of battery back-up capability;
control means coupled to the variable isolation impedance so means for controlling the forward impedance of the variable isolation impedance means in dependence upon a sensed condition; and
shunt and connecting means responsive to said control means for selectively connecting said shunt across said variable isolation impedance means to selectively connect said battery to said load bus.
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Abstract
An automatic back-up battery management system utilizing primary DC power for telephone switching equipment, communications equipment, computer equipment or other loads.
129 Citations
29 Claims
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1. A battery management system for a battery connected to a load bus wherein the load bus is further connected to a primary DC source, comprising:
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variable isolation impedance means having high reverse impedance and variable forward impedance connected in circuit with said battery for electrically isolating said battery from said system load bus without loss of battery back-up capability;
control means coupled to the variable isolation impedance so means for controlling the forward impedance of the variable isolation impedance means in dependence upon a sensed condition; and
shunt and connecting means responsive to said control means for selectively connecting said shunt across said variable isolation impedance means to selectively connect said battery to said load bus. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 19)
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4. A battery management system for use with a primary DC source that supplies a primary DC supply voltage to a system load bus, said primary DC source having a parallel back-up battery comprising:
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control means for sensing battery and system conditions and for supplying control signals to components of the battery management system;
an isolation impedance circuit connected with said battery and responsive to said control means for selectively isolating said battery from said system load bus without loss of battery back-up capability;
wherein said isolation impedance circuit comprises an SCR connected in parallel with a controlled switch, said controlled switch having a first state wherein said controlled switch shunts said SCR to connect said battery to said system load bus; and
battery charging means for supplying a charging current to said battery while said battery is isolated from said system load bus by said isolation impedance circuit. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A battery management system for use with a primary DC source which supplies a primary DC supply voltage to a system load bus for use by a load, and which primary DC source has a parallel back-up battery having a battery output voltage, the back-up battery comprising:
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control means for sensing battery and system conditions and for supplying control signals to components of the battery management system;
isolation impedance means connected in series with said battery and responsive to said control means for selectively isolating said battery from said system load bus without loss of battery back-up capability; and
test discharge means adapted to be connected in series with said battery and said system load bus in response to control signals from said control means for developing a predetermined test voltage;
wherein the sum of said predetermined test voltage and the battery output voltage being effective to discharge a test current into the load, whereby said battery may be discharge tested while in a ready state in said system. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12)
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13. A method of recharging a parallel battery in a back-up battery system after a drop in the primary supply voltage has caused the battery to be discharged into the load and after the primary supply voltage has been restored across the load and battery, the method comprising the steps of;
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monitoring the flow of battery charging current being delivered into the battery from the primary supply voltage restored across the battery responsive to the flow of battery charging current;
applying the primary supply voltage across the battery until the level of battery current charging falls to a predetermined first charging current level responsive to attaining said predetermined first battery charging current level;
electrically isolating the battery from the primary supply voltage without loss of battery back-up capability;
delivering into the battery a current at a predetermined second current level lower than said first battery charging current level until the voltage across the battery rises to a predetermined first battery voltage level and responsive to the attainment of said predetermined first battery voltage level; and
delivering into the battery a current at a predetermined third current level lower than said second current level. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A battery management system for a battery connected to a load bus wherein the load bus is further connected to a primary DC source, comprising:
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a variable isolation impedance circuit connected in circuit with said battery for selectively isolating said battery from said system load bus without loss of battery back-up capability, wherein said isolation impedance circuit comprises an SCR connected in parallel with a controlled switch, said SCR having a high reverse impedance and a variable forward impedance said controlled switch having a first state in which said controlled switch shunts said SCR to connect said battery to said system load bus; and
control means coupled to the variable isolation impedance for controlling the forward impedance of the SCR and the state of the controlled switch in dependence upon a sensed battery condition or parameter.
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20. A charging and monitoring apparatus for use with a battery employed as a back-up power supply to a primary source of power the primary power source including a load bus for delivering power the apparatus comprising:
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a battery module in circuit with the battery for selectively supplying charging current thereto, the battery module being in circuit with the load bus and including an isolating impedance circuit having a variable impedance for selectively isolating the battery from the load bus of the primary power source;
a discharge module for testing the health of the battery by selectively discharging the battery to the load bus; and
a controller in circuit with the battery module and the discharge module for controlling the operation thereof. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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Specification