Sensor array for rapid materials characterization

• US 6,477,479 B1
• Filed: 12/11/1998
• Issued: 11/05/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Freeslate Inc. (Unchained Labs Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Symyx Technologies Incorporated (Dassault Systemes SA)
• Inventors: Bennett, James, Mansky, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): WACHSMAN, HAL D
• Application Number:
  US09/210,428
• Time in Patent Office: 1,425 Days
• Field of Search: 702/136, 702/22-24, 702/27, 702/28, 702/30-32, 702/33-36, 702/40, 702/56, 702/57, 702/64, 702/65, 702/81-84, 702/99, 702/104, 702/113-119, 702/124, 702/126, 702/130, 702/133, 702/132, 702/134, 702/138, 702/183, 702/184, 702/189, 702/FOR.103, 702/FOR.106, 702/FOR-115, 702/FOR.123, 702/FOR.125, 702/FOR.134, 702/FOR.135, 702/FOR.137, 702/FOR.142, 702/FOR.143, 702/FOR.170, 702/FOR.171, 700/109, 700/110, 700/117-121, 700/123, 700/266, 700/269, 700/275, 700/278, 700/299, 700/300, 700/301, 422/70, 422/89, 422/68.1, 422/88, 422/98, 422/50, 422/83, 422/90, 422/82.01, 422/82.12, 422/82.13, 422/82.05, 422/82.02, 422/82.03, 422/82.06, 422/61, 422/62, 422/67, 422/69, 422/81, 422/82.04, 422/76, 422/77, 422/82.11, 422/51, 324/663, 324/685, 324/687, 324/688, 324/425, 324/234, 324/236, 324/717, 324/693, 324/259-263, 324/207.2, 324/251, 324/117.H, 436/149-151, 436/806, 436/157, 436/43, 435/287.1, 435/287.9, 435/288.7, 338/34, 338/307, 338/334, 338/32.R, 338/32.H, 438/7, 438/10, 438/11, 438/14, 438/16-18, 374/45, 374/50, 374/56, 374/142, 374/32, 374/31, 374/117, 427/2.13, 427/8, 427/10, 210/6.56, 210/662, 210/148.2, 210/148.3
• US Class Current: 702/136
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0046 Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays synthesis methods per se C40B50/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00621 by physical means, e.g. trenches, raised areas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00653 the compounds being bound to electrodes embedded in or on the solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00707 separated from the reactor apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00745 Inorganic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00747 Catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 30/08 by measuring catalytic activity
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 40/18 Libraries containing only inorganic compounds or inorganic materials
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 25/005 by investigating specific heat
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 25/18 by investigating thermal conductivity by calorimetry G01N25/20; by measuring change of resistance of an electrically-heated body G01N27/18
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/72 by investigating magnetic variables

Abstract

A sensor-array based materials characterization apparatus for characterizing one or more material properties of at least five test samples, wherein the apparatus includes a sensor array disposed on a substrate; electronic test circuitry for sending electrical signals to and receiving electrical signals from the sensor array; electronic circuitry for routing signals between selected sensors and the electronic test circuitry; and a computer or processor electrically coupled to electronic test circuitry and electronic circuitry.

Claims

1. An apparatus for characterizing one or more thermal properties for each of 5 or more samples, comprising:

a substrate;

5 or more sensors disposed on said substrate to form a sensor array, wherein each sensor forming said sensor array is associated with one of said 5 or more samples and characterizes at least one thermal property of said associated sample and at least one sensor in said sensor array comprises;

a sample support having a thermal measurement pattern disposed thereon;

a gap between said sample support and said substrate for thermally isolating said sample support from said substrate; and

one or more bridges connecting said sample support to substrate over said gap; and

electronic circuitry electronically coupled to said sensor array for sending signals to and receiving signals from said 5 or more sensors, wherein said signals received from said 5 or more sensors carry information allowing the determination of said at least one thermal property of said associated sample.

10. The apparatus of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 9, further comprising a multiplexer disposed on said substrate for selectively coupling a sensor or a group of sensors in said sensor array to an electronic platform.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising electronic test circuitry disposed on said substrate for communicating with said electronic circuitry via said multiplexer and generating data corresponding to at least one material property.

12. The apparatus of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 9, further comprising electronic test circuitry disposed on said substrate for communicating with said electronic circuitry and generating data representative of at least one or more material properties of said 5 or more samples.

2. An apparatus for characterizing one or more electrical transport properties for each of 5 or more samples, comprising:

a substrate;

5 or more sensors disposed on said substrate to form a sensor array, wherein each sensor forming said sensor array is associated with at least one of said 5 or more samples and characterizes at least one electrical transport property of said associated sample;

electronic circuitry electrically coupled to said sensor array for sending signals to and receiving signals from said 5 or more sensors, wherein said signals received from said 5 or more sensors carry information allowing determination of at least one electrical transport property for at least one sample of said 5 or more samples; and

a magnet array for generating a magnetic field pointing perpendicular to said substrate, wherein said magnet array is arranged in the same format as said 5 or more sensors in said sensor array and each magnet in said magnet array corresponds with a sensor in said sensor array to generate a magnetic field over a corresponding sensor of said sensor array.

3. An apparatus for characterizing one or more material properties for each of 5 or more samples, comprising:

a substrate;

5 or more sensors disposed on said substrate to form a sensor array, wherein said 5 or more sensors in said sensor array are arranged in a format compatible with combinatorial chemistry instrumentation and each sensor of said sensor array is associated with at least one of said 5 or more samples and characterizes at least one material property of said associated at least one sample, said sensors in said sensor array being attached to said substrate via a plurality of sensor plates disposed in an array format and extending generally perpendicularly from said substrate such that said 5 or more sensors can be dipped simultaneously into a plurality of wells having the same format, wherein a film of said associated at least one sample can be formed on each sensor of said 5 or more sensors and said each sensor characterizes at least one material property of said film of said associated sample; and

electronic circuitry electrically coupled to said sensor array for sending signals to and receiving signals from said 5 or more sensors, wherein said signals received from said 5 or more sensors carry information allowing the determination of at least one material property of said associated at least one sample.

4. An apparatus for characterizing one or more thermal properties for each of 5 or more samples, comprising:

a substrate;

5 or more sensors disposed on said substrate to form a sensor array, wherein said sensor array comprises;

a microthin film membrane supported by said substrate such that said sensor array is an array of microthin film windows;

a first wire disposed on said microthin film membrane, said first wire acting as a heater and a first thermometer; and

a second wire spaced apart from said first wire and disposed on said substrate, said second wire acting as a second thermometer;

5 or more samples deposited on said sensor array forming an array of samples on said sensor array, wherein each sensor of said 5 or more sensors is associated with at least one sample of said array of samples and characterizes at least one thermal property of said associated at least one sample; and

means for coupling said sensor array with electronic circuitry for sending signals to and receiving signals from said 5 or more sensors, wherein said signals received from said 5 or more sensors carry information allowing the determination of said at least one thermal property of said 5 or more sensors.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said microthin film membrane forming said sensor array is a silicon nitride membrane, and wherein said substrate supporting said silicon nitride membrane in said sensor array is a silicon wafer.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said substrate is made of a polymer sheet, and wherein said sensor array includes a plurality of heaters/thermometers disposed on said polymer sheet.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said polymer sheet is a polyimide.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said heaters/thermometers are printed on said polymer sheet via lithography.

9. An apparatus for characterizing one or more thermal properties for each of 5 or more samples, comprising:

a substrate, wherein said substrate is a silicon wafer;

5 or more sensors disposed on said substrate to form a sensor array, wherein each sensor in said sensor array comprises;

a microthin film membrane supported by said substrate such that said sensor array is an array of microthin film windows, wherein said microthin film membrane is a silicon nitride membrane;

a plurality of thermometers disposed on a top surface of said substrate, and wherein said substrate comprises a large area heater disposed on a bottom surface of said substrate;

a first wire disposed on said microthin film membrane, said first wire acting as a heater and a first thermometer; and

a second wire spaced apart from said first wire and disposed on said substrate, said second wire acting as a second thermometer;

5 or more samples deposited on said sensor array forming an array of samples on said sensor array, wherein each sensor of said 5 or more sensors is associated with at least one sample of said array of samples and characterizes at least one thermal property of said associated at least one sample; and

means for coupling said sensor array with electronic circuitry for sending signals to and receiving signals from said 5 or more sensors, wherein said signals received from said 5 or more sensors carry information allowing the determination of said at least one thermal property of said 5 or more samples.