Switching mode power supply device with detection of malfunctioning

• US 6,487,059 B2
• Filed: 07/30/2001
• Issued: 11/26/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: STMicroelectronics SA (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Original Assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Inventors: Adragna, Claudio, Pulvirenti, Francesco, Fagnani, Mauro, Pidutti, Albino, Gattavari, Giuseppe, Bontempo, Gregorio, Quaglino, Roberto
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley, Shawn
• Application Number:
  US09/919,343
• Publication Number:
  US 20020044463A1
• Time in Patent Office: 484 Days
• Field of Search: 363/56.11, 363/56.12, 363/21.07, 361/90, 361/94, 361/91.4
• US Class Current: 361/90
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/32 Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/28 using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33523 with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop

Abstract

The power supply device includes a DC-DC converter circuit having a power switch and a driving stage. The driving stage has a compensation terminal on which a compensation voltage is present, and which receives a biasing current. The driving stage includes a control circuit having an output terminal connected to a control terminal of the power switch and disconnection-detecting circuitry connected to the compensation terminal and generating a signal for permanent turning-off of the power switch when the biasing current drops below a current-threshold value. The driving stage moreover includes over-voltage detecting circuitry connected to the compensation terminal and generating a signal for temporary turning-off of the power switch when the compensation voltage exceeds a voltage-threshold value.

Claims

1. A power supply device having an input terminal and an output terminal between which is connected a DC-DC converter circuit, said DC-DC converter circuit comprising:

an isolation transformer having primary and secondary windings, isolating an input portion of the DC-DC converter circuit from an output portion of the DC-DC converter;

a power switch having a first output terminal and a control terminal; and

a driving stage having a compensation terminal on which a compensation voltage is present and receiving a biasing current wherein the compensation voltage varies inversely relative to a voltage level at the output terminal and the biasing current varies directly relative to the voltage level at the output terminal, said driving stage including a control circuit having a first input terminal connected to said compensation terminal and an output terminal connected to said control terminal of said power switch;

said driving stage further including disconnection-detecting means connected to said compensation terminal and generating a signal for permanent turning-off of said power switch when said biasing current drops below a current threshold value;

said driving stage also including over-voltage detecting means connected to said compensation terminal and generating a signal for temporary turning-off of said power switch when said compensation voltage exceeds a voltage-threshold value.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein said over-voltage detecting means comprise first comparator means having a detecting terminal connected to said compensation terminal and an output terminal connected to a second input terminal of said control circuit and supplying said signal for temporary turning-off, and said disconnection-detecting means comprise second comparator means having a detecting terminal connected to said compensation terminal and an output terminal connected to a third input terminal of said control circuit and supplying said signal for permanent turning-off.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein said driving stage comprises a soft-start circuit connected to a soft-start terminal on which a soft-start voltage is present, said soft-start circuit having a first activation terminal and a second activation terminal respectively connected to said output terminals of said first and second comparator means, and an output terminal connected to said second and third input terminals of said control circuit, said soft-start circuit being activated by at least one of said signals for temporary and permanent turning-off, and supplying, on said output terminal, a control signal for delaying turning-off of said power switch.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein said soft-start voltage increases and presents a rise time from a first reference value to a second reference value, and said control signal has a duration correlated to said rise time of said soft-start voltage.

5. The device according to claim 3, wherein said soft-start circuit comprises:

a first logic gate having a first input terminal and a second input terminal connected, respectively, to said first activation terminal and said second activation terminal of said soft-start circuit, and an output terminal generating an opening signal S;

a voltage limiting circuit having a first terminal connected to said soft-start terminal by means of a switch element controlled by said opening signal S, and a second terminal connected to a ground terminal;

a current generator having an output terminal connected to said soft-start terminal; and

a voltage comparator having a first input terminal connected to said soft-start terminal, a second input terminal receiving said second reference value, and an output terminal connected to said first output terminal of said soft-start circuit.

6. The device according to claim 3, wherein said driving stage comprises:

a second logic gate having a first input terminal connected to said output terminal of said soft-start circuit, a second input terminal connected to said first comparator means, and an output terminal connected to said second input terminal of said control circuit; and

a third logic gate having a first input terminal connected to said output terminal of said soft-start circuit, a second input terminal connected to said output terminal of said second comparator means, and an output terminal connected to said third input terminal of said control circuit.

7. The device according to claim 6, wherein said first logic gate is of the OR type and said second and third logic gates are of the AND type.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein said control circuit is a comparator of the PWM type.

9. A device comprising:

a power control switch that operates at a variable duty cycle, having a control terminal and configured to provide power to a load;

a regulator circuit, configured to monitor a current drawn by the load and provide a compensation voltage level at a compensation node, proportionate to the current draw;

a driver circuit having an input connected to the compensation node and an output connected to the control terminal of the power switch, configured to monitor the compensation voltage at the compensation node and adjust the duty cycle of the power switch to compensate for the current draw; and

an overload detection circuit coupled to the control terminal of the power switch and configured to temporarily hold the power control switch open in the event that the compensation voltage exceeds a first threshold voltage, and to latch the power control switch open in the event that the compensation a second threshold voltage.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein:

the device is a power supply device,

the device includes an isolation transformer;

the power switch regulates current flow in a primary winding of the isolation transformer; and

the load draws current from a secondary winding of the isolation transformer.

11. A method comprising:

comparing a voltage level at an output terminal of a power supply device with a first reference voltage;

providing a compensation voltage at a compensation node, proportionate to the result of the comparing step;

varying a duty cycle of a power control switch with reference to the compensation voltage of the providing step, wherein the power control switch provides current to the output terminal of the power supply device;

comparing the compensation voltage to a second reference voltage;

opening the power control switch if the compensation voltage exceeds the second reference voltage, wherein the opening results in temporarily turning off the power supply device;

comparing a biasing current at the compensation node with a current reference; and

latching the power control switch open if the biasing current at the compensation node drops below the current reference, wherein the latching results in permanently turning off the power supply device.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the power supply device includes an isolation transformer;

the power control switch regulates current flow in a primary winding of the isolation transformer; and

a load draws current from a secondary winding of the isolation transformer.