Method and apparatus for controlling rotation of magnetic rotor

• US 6,489,692 B1
• Filed: 12/13/1999
• Issued: 12/03/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Capstone Turbine Corp.
• Original Assignee: Capstone Turbine Corp.
• Inventors: Wacknov, Joel B., Gilbreth, Mark G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ramirez, Nestor
• Assistant Examiner(s): GONZALEZ, JULIO CESAR
• Application Number:
  US09/459,426
• Time in Patent Office: 1,086 Days
• Field of Search: 318/254, 318/439, 318/138, 290/40.B, 290/40.C
• US Class Current: 290/52
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 25/16 Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings bearings per se F16C
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 17/024 with flexible leaves to create hydrodynamic wedge, e.g. radial foil bearings
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/06 Control effected upon clutch or other mechanical power transmission means and dependent upon electric output value of the generator

Abstract

A method and apparatus for starting a turbogenerator having a sensorless magnetic rotor supported for rotation in a stator by a compliant foil fluid film bearing, the method comprising energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field to capture the magnetic rotor and thereafter accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to substantially minimize the time required for the magnetic rotor to reach a liftoff speed associated with the compliant foil fluid film bearing.

Claims

1. A method of starting a turbogenerator having a sensorless magnetic rotor supported for rotation in a stator by a compliant foil fluid film bearing, the method comprising:

energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field rotating approximately 270°

to 360°

in approximately 1 second to capture the magnetic rotor; and

, thereafter

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to at least approximately 8,000 rpm within approximately 1 second after said rotation of approximately 270°

to 360°

to substantially minimize the time required for the magnetic rotor to reach a liftoff speed associated with the compliant foil fluid film bearing.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of substantially accelerating the rotational speed comprises accelerating to approximately 14,000 rpm within approximately 1 second.

3. A turbogenerator comprising:

a rotatable rotor including at least one magnet, said rotor lacking means for determining its rotational position;

a compliant foil fluid film bearing positioned for supporting the rotor;

a stator configured for generating a rotatable magnetic field to capture said magnet for rotating the rotor; and

a control system operatively connected with the stator for;

energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field to capture the magnetic rotor; and

, thereafter

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to at least approximately 8,000 rpm within approximately 1 second after said rotation of approximately 270°

to 360°

to substantially minimize the time required for the magnetic rotor to search a liftoff speed associated with the compliant foil fluid film bearing.

4. The turbogenerator assembly of claim 3, wherein said substantially accelerating the rotational speed comprises accelerating to approximately 14,000 rpm within approximately 1 second.

5. A method of capturing a sensorless magnetic rotor for acceleration and rotation in a stator, the method comprising:

energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field rotating the magnetic field in approximately 1 second to capture the magnetic rotor; and

, thereafter

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to at least approximately 8,000 rpm to operating speed within approximately 1 second after said rotation of approximately 270°

to 360°

.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said accelerating the rotational speed comprises accelerating to approximately 14,000 rpm within approximately 1 second.

7. A method of capturing a sensorless magnetic rotor for acceleration and rotation in a stator, comprising:

energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field to capture the magnetic rotor;

thereafter

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to operating speed; and

decelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to decelerate the magnetic rotor from approximately 14,000 rpm to 0 rpm in approximately 1 second.

8. A method of capturing a sensorless magnetic rotor for acceleration, rotation and deceleration with a rotating magnetic field generated by a stator for use in a turbogenerator including a compliant foil fluid film radial bearing, the method comprising:

energizing the stator to generate the magnetic field;

rotating the magnetic field approximately 360°

to capture the magnetic rotor;

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to minimize the time required for the magnetic rotor to reach its operating speed, thereby reaching a liftoff speed associated with the compliant foil fluid film radial bearing; and

decelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field from its operating speed to zero within approximately 1 second by decelerating a peak current of approximately 80 amps as it rotates through three inductors of a three-phase permanent magnet rotor to minimize the time required to decelerate and stop rotation of the magnetic rotor, thereby preventing prolonged contact of the rotor with the compliant foil fluid film radial bearing.

9. A rotor assembly comprising:

a rotatable rotor including at least one magnet, said rotor lacking means for determining its rotational position;

a stator comprising a three-phase permanent magnet rotor including three inductors configured for generating a rotatable magnetic field to capture said magnet for rotating the rotor;

a control system operatively connected with the stator for;

energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field to capture the magnetic rotor; and

, thereafter

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to minimize the time required for the magnetic rotor to reach a liftoff speed associated with the compliant foil fluid film radial bearing, and

instructing the stator to decelerate from an operating speed to zero within approximately 1 second.

10. A method of capturing a sensorless magnetic rotor for acceleration, rotation and deceleration with a rotating magnetic field generated by a stator for use in a turbogenerator including a compliant foil fluid film radial bearing, the method comprising:

energizing the stator to generate the magnetic field;

rotating the magnetic field approximately 360°

to capture the magnetic rotor;

accelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field to minimize the time required for the magnetic rotor to reach its operating speed, thereby reaching a liftoff speed associated with the compliant foil fluid film radial bearing; and

decelerating the rotational speed of the magnetic field from said operating speed to zero within approximately 1 second by decelerating a peak current of approximately 80 amps as it rotates through three inductors of a three-phase permanent magnet rotor.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said energizing the stator to generate a continuously rotating magnetic field further comprises rotating the magnetic field approximately 360°

.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein said decelerating the magnetic field from its operating speed to zero comprises decelerating within approximately 1 second by decelerating a peak current of approximately 80 amps as it rotates through three inductors of a three-phase turbogenerator.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein said decelerating the rotor further comprises dissipating inertial energy of the rotor by converting the inertial energy to a DC bus voltage and dissipating the DC bus voltage with an off-load device including an off load resistor connected in series with an off-load switching device.