Automated solution injection-discharge system and automated peritoneal dialysis system

• US 6,491,658 B1
• Filed: 03/03/2000
• Issued: 12/10/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: JMS Company Limited
• Original Assignee: JMS Company Limited
• Inventors: Yamashita, Katsuya, Miura, Hiromu
• Primary Examiner(s): Hayes, Michael J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sirmons, Kevin C.
• Application Number:
  US09/518,258
• Time in Patent Office: 1,012 Days
• Field of Search: 604/28-31, 604/4.01, 604/5.01, 604/5.04, 604/6.12, 604/6.15, 604/6.16, 210/645-47, 210/321.71
• US Class Current: 604/29
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/281 Instillation other than by gravity

Abstract

The automated solution injection-discharge system is used as an APDS system to supply and discharge a dialysate and a patient'"'"'s drain. And an automated solution injection-discharge system provides free of contamination and operation mistakes, and can accurately control the injected dialysate volume and the discharged dwell solution volume even when a patient does not maintain a fixed posture while replacing the solution.

Claims

1. An automated peritoneal dialysis system, comprising:

a manifold;

a first dialysate container connected through a first dialysate supply line to said manifold;

a reservoir connected through a conduit to said manifold;

a warming device connected to said reservoir, for warming dialysate in the reservoir;

a drain container connected through a drain line to said manifold;

a patient line, for connection to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, connected to said manifold;

switching devices on said first dialysate supply line, said conduit, said patient line and said drain line; and

a cylinder and a piston connected to said manifold, for pumping fluid through said manifold.

2. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, further comprising:

a second dialysate container for containing a dialysate of different density than that of the first dialysate container;

a second dialysate supply line connected to said manifold; and

a switching device on said second dialysate supply line.

3. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, further comprising:

automatic means for driving said piston and for controlling said switching devices.

4. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 3, said automatic means for driving the piston being capable of drive speeds of 10 to 600 mL/min.

5. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, said cylinder further comprising:

a cylinder flange at the end of the cylinder opposite the connection to the manifold.

6. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 5, said cylinder further comprising:

a piston flange on the end of the piston outside the cylinder.

7. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 6, said cylinder further comprising:

a flexible, accordion-fold aseptic cover over the piston between the cylinder flange and the piston flange.

8. An automated peritoneal dialysis system, comprising:

a first manifold and a second manifold;

a first dialysate container connected through two first dialysate supply lines to said first and second manifolds, respectively;

reservoir connected through two conduits to said first and second manifolds, respectively;

a warming device connected to said reservoir, for warming dialysate in the reservoir;

a drain container connected through two drain lines to said first and second manifolds, respectively;

a patient line, for connection to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, connected to said first and second manifolds;

switching devices on said first dialysate supply lines, said conduits, said drain lines and the connections between said first and second manifolds and said patient line;

a first cylinder and a first piston connected to said first manifold; and

a second cylinder and a second piston connected to said second manifold.

9. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 8, further comprising:

a belt wrapped around said first and second cylinders.

10. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 8, further comprising:

automatic means for driving said first and second pistons and for controlling said switching devices.

11. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 10, said automatic means for driving the pistons being capable of piston drive speeds of 10 to 600 mL/min.

12. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 10, said automatic means for driving the pistons being capable of driving the first piston for discharging while the second piston is driven for sucking.

13. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 10, further comprising:

a second dialysate container for containing a dialysate of different density than that of the first dialysate container;

second dialysate supply lines connecting said second dialysate container to said first and second manifolds; and

switching devices on said second dialysate supply lines.

14. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 8, said cylinder further comprising:

two cylinder flanges, one of the cylinder flanges at the end of each cylinder opposite the connection to the manifold.

15. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 14, said cylinder further comprising:

two piston flanges, one of the piston flanges on the end of each piston outside the cylinder.

16. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 15, said cylinder further comprising:

a flexible, accordion-fold aseptic cover over each piston between the cylinder flange and the piston flange.

17. An automated peritoneal dialysis system, comprising:

a manifold;

a first dialysate container connected through a first dialysate supply line to said manifold;

a reservoir connected through a conduit to said manifold;

a warming device connected to said reservoir, for warming dialysate in the reservoir;

a drain container connected through a drain line to said manifold;

a patient line, for connection to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, connected to said manifold;

switching devices on said first dialysate supply line, said conduit, said patient line and said drain line; and

an automated solution injection-discharge system, said automated solution injection-discharge system comprising;

a chamber having a solution opening connected to the manifold and a gas opening;

a diaphragm in said chamber between said solution opening and said gas opening; and

an air cylinder and a piston connected to said gas opening, for applying pressure to said diaphragm.

18. An automated peritoneal dialysis system, comprising:

a manifold;

a first dialysate container connected through a first dialysate supply line to said manifold;

a reservoir connected through a conduit to said manifold;

a warming device connected to said reservoir, for warming dialysate in the reservoir;

a drain container connected through a drain line to said manifold;

a patient line, for connection to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, connected to said manifold;

switching devices on said first dialysate supply line, said conduit, said patient line and said drain line; and

an automated solution injection-discharge system, said automated solution injection-discharge system comprising;

a chamber having a solution opening connected to the manifold and a gas opening;

a diaphragm in said chamber between said solution opening and said gas opening; and

an air cylinder and a piston connected to said gas opening, for applying pressure to said diaphragm, the volume of said air cylinder being 1.4 to 2.0 times the volume of said chamber.

19. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 18, further comprising:

an air pressure sensor in the connection between the air cylinder and the gas opening.

20. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:

a second dialysate container for containing a dialysate of different density than that of the first dialysate container;

a second dialysate supply line connected to said manifold; and

a switching device on said second dialysate supply line.

21. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 18, further comprising:

a photoencoding position detecting sensor for determining the position of said piston in said cylinder.

22. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 18, further comprising:

a temperature sensor in the connection between the air cylinder and the gas opening.

23. An automated peritoneal dialysis system, comprising:

a manifold;

a first dialysate container connected through a first dialysate supply line to said manifold;

a reservoir connected through a conduit to said manifold;

a warming device connected to said reservoir, for warming dialysate in the reservoir;

a drain container connected through a drain line to said manifold;

a patient line, for connection to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, connected to said manifold;

switching devices on said first dialysate supply line, said conduit, said patient line and said drain line; and

an automated solution injection-discharge system, said automated solution injection-discharge system comprising;

a chamber having a solution opening connected to the manifold and a gas opening;

a diaphragm in said chamber between said solution opening and said gas opening;

an air cylinder and a piston connected to said gas opening, for applying pressure to said diaphragm; and

an automated conduit switching device for controlling said switching devices, said automated conduit switching device comprising;

a first rotating shaft;

an interlocking cam on the first rotating shaft;

a thrust device which moves up and down with rotation of the interlocking cam; and

a cradle which receives the head of the thrust device.

24. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 23, further comprising:

a second rotating shaft having an interlocking cam.

25. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 24, said first rotating shaft having a total of three interlocking cams and said second shaft having a total of two interlocking cams.

26. The automated peritoneal dialysis system of claim 25, the three interlocking cams of the first rotating shaft having a phase difference of 120°

, and the two interlocking cams of the second rotating shaft having a phase difference of 120°

to 180°

.

27. An automated peritoneal dialysis system, comprising:

a manifold;

a first dialysate container connected through a first dialysate supply line to said manifold;

a reservoir connected through a conduit to said manifold;

a warming device connected to said reservoir, for warming dialysate in the reservoir;

a drain container connected through a drain line to said manifold;

a patient line, for connection to the peritoneal cavity of a patient, connected to said manifold;

switching devices on said first dialysate supply line, said conduit, said patient line and said drain line;

a cylinder and a piston connected to said manifold, for pumping fluid through said manifold; and

an automated conduit switching device for controlling said switching devices, said automated conduit switching device comprising;

a first rotating shaft;

an interlocking cam on the first rotating shaft;

a thrust device which moves up and down with rotation of the interlocking cam; and

a cradle which receives the head of the thrust device.