Method for making soil conditioner

• US 6,497,742 B2
• Filed: 07/23/2001
• Issued: 12/24/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 05/22/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Salem Organic Soils Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Salem Organic Soils Incorporated
• Inventors: Lamour, Brent, Goff, Shawn
• Primary Examiner(s): Sayala, Chhaya D
• Application Number:
  US09/911,112
• Publication Number:
  US 20020088260A1
• Time in Patent Office: 519 Days
• Field of Search: 71/21, 71/23, 71/24, 719/03
• US Class Current: 71/23
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 11/00 Other organic fertilisers
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 17/00 Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 17/986 the other material being liquid
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 3/00 Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 40/20 Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/145 the feedstock being materials of biological origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 30/40 Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 71/903 Soil conditioner

Abstract

A method of making a landscaping mulch, using as its primary ingredient, spent stable bedding which has its primary ingredient ripe de bois softwood shavings. The result of the method is a mulch, particularly for landscaping applications, having a relatively high pH value, between 6.5 and 7.5, which is also useful for neutralizing the effects of acid rain. The method involves the steps of mixing agricultural manure in the range of 5%-25%, softwood shavings from spent stable bedding in an amount of greater than 60%, and when necessary, to augment carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, other ancillary ingredients in an amount less than 25%; producing a result by the mixing of ingredients, which has a carbon-to-nitrogen range from 100 to 200 parts of carbon to 1 part of nitrogen. Thereafter, the mixed ingredients are used to form piles, which are then over-saturated with water. Thereafter, liquid is percolated through the mixed ingredients, which liquid is expressed from the bottom of the pile by gravity. Thereafter, the pile is resaturated with the expressed liquid, now rich in tannin liquors, in order to provide a natural coloring agent for the material. Then the water flow is halted in order to allow biological activity to generate heat. Heat bakes-in the color and releases more tannins for extraction when liquid saturation is resumed. The foregoing process, beginning with resaturation, is repeated until the desired color is achieved.

Claims

1. A method for making a soil conditioner, comprising:

mixing softwood shavings and agricultural manure to form, after mixing, a material having a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of up to 200 parts of carbon to one part of nitrogen;

forming a pile of the material on a ground surface, wherein a volume of the pile is sufficient to sustain a pile temperature that exists during generation of heat in the pile by biological activity, and wherein the pile temperature is at least 160°

F.;

flowing liquid that includes water into the pile to over-saturate the pile, wherein the liquid gravitationally percolates through the pile and is collected after exiting the pile, and wherein the collected liquid includes tannin that has been extracted from the pile by the percolating liquid;

halting the flowing of liquid;

generating heat in the pile by the biological activity in an absence of the flowing of liquid, wherein the heat bakes in the color of the pile at the pile temperature; and

if the color of the pile is not as dark as desired, then iteratively repeating the flowing, halting, and generating until the color of the pile is as dark as desired, wherein the iterative repeating of the flowing includes flowing liquid from the collected liquid.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is in a range of 100 to 200 parts of carbon to one part of nitrogen.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the volume of the pile is between 1500 cubic yards and 4000 cubic yards.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pile temperature is in a range of 160°

F. to 200°

F.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming a dam proximate the base of the pile for containing the collected liquid.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the softwood shavings are at least 60% of the material by volume, and wherein the agricultural manure is no more than 25% of the material by volume.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the agricultural manure consists essentially of horse manure.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing further includes mixing at least one additional nitrogenous material.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing further includes mixing at least one additional carbonaceous material.

10. A method for making a soil conditioner, comprising:

mixing softwood shavings and agricultural manure to form, after mixing, a material having a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of up to 200 parts of carbon to one part of nitrogen;

forming a pile of the material on a ground surface, wherein the pile has a volume between 1500 and 4000 cubic yards;

flowing liquid that includes water into the pile to over-saturate the pile, wherein the liquid gravitationally percolates through the pile and is collected after exiting the pile, and wherein the collected liquid includes tannin that has been extracted from the pile by the percolating liquid;

halting the flowing of liquid;

generating heat in the pile by biological activity in an absence of the flowing of liquid, wherein the heat bakes in the color of the pile at a pile temperature of at least 160°

F.; and

if the color of the pile is not as dark as desired, then iteratively repeating the flowing, halting, and generating until the color of the pile is as dark as desired, wherein the iterative repeating of the flowing includes flowing liquid from the collected liquid.

11. A method for making a soil conditioner, comprising:

mixing softwood shavings and agricultural manure to form, after mixing, a material having a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of up to 200 parts of carbon to one part of nitrogen;

forming a pile of the material on a ground surface, wherein a bounding outer surface of the pile slopes upward away from the ground surface and inward toward an interior of the pile, and wherein the pile has a volume between 1500 and 4000 cubic yards;

flowing liquid that includes water into the pile to over-saturate the pile, wherein the liquid gravitationally percolates through the pile and is collected after exiting the pile, and wherein the collected liquid includes tannin that has been extracted from the pile by the percolating liquid;

halting the flowing of liquid;

generating heat in the pile by biological activity in an absence of the flowing of liquid, wherein the heat bakes in the color of the pile at a pile temperature of at least 160°

F.; and

if the color of the pile is not as dark as desired, then iteratively repeating the flowing, halting, and generating until the color of the pile is as dark as desired, wherein the iterative repeating of the flowing includes flowing liquid from the collected liquid.

12. A method for making a soil conditioner, comprising:

mixing softwood shavings and agricultural manure to form, after mixing, a material having a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of up to 200 parts of carbon to one part of nitrogen;

forming a pile of the material on a ground surface, wherein a bounding outer surface of the pile slopes upward away from the ground surface and inward toward an interior of the pile, wherein at least one cavity is formed at a top of the pile, and wherein the pile has a volume between 1500 and 4000 cubic yards;

flowing liquid that includes water into the pile including into the at least one cavity to over-saturate the pile, wherein the liquid gravitationally percolates through the pile and is collected after exiting the pile, and wherein the collected liquid includes tannin that has been extracted from the pile by the percolating liquid;

halting the flowing of liquid;

generating heat in the pile by biological activity in an absence of the flowing of liquid, wherein the heat bakes in the color of the pile at a pile temperature of at least 160°

F.; and

if the color of the pile is not as dark as desired, then iteratively repeating the flowing, halting, and generating until the color of the pile is as dark as desired, wherein the iterative repeating of the flowing includes flowing liquid from the collected liquid.

13. A method for making a soil conditioner, comprising:

mixing softwood shavings and agricultural manure to form, after mixing, a material having a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of up to 200 parts of carbon to one part of nitrogen;

forming a pile of the material on a ground surface, wherein a bounding outer surface of the pile slopes upward away from the ground surface and inward toward the mass of the pile, wherein at least one cavity is formed at a top of the pile, wherein at least one trough is formed around the bounding outer surface of the pile, and wherein the pile has a volume between 1500 and 4000 cubic yards;

flowing liquid that includes water into the pile including into the at least one cavity to over-saturate the pile, wherein the liquid gravitationally percolates through the pile and is collected after exiting the pile, and wherein the collected liquid includes tannin that has been extracted from the pile by the percolating liquid;

halting the flowing of liquid;

generating heat in the pile by biological activity in an absence of the flowing of liquid, wherein the heat bakes in the color of the pile at a pile temperature of at least 160°

F.; and

if the color of the pile is not as dark as desired, then iteratively repeating the flowing, halting, and generating until the color of the pile is as dark as desired, wherein the iterative repeating of the flowing includes flowing liquid from the collected liquid.