Distributed method and apparatus for allocating a communication medium

• US 6,501,765 B1
• Filed: 09/01/1998
• Issued: 12/31/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 09/01/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: AT&T Intellectual Property II LP (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T Corporation (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Qiu, Xiaoxin, Lu, Xiaolin
• Primary Examiner(s): Hsu, Alpus H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TRAN, THIEN D
• Application Number:
  US09/145,074
• Time in Patent Office: 1,582 Days
• Field of Search: 370/230, 370/425, 370/438, 370/439, 370/424, 370/447, 370/446, 370/455, 370/461, 370/462, 370/524, 370/445, 370/449, 370/463
• US Class Current: 370/447
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/413 with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection [CSMA-CD]

Abstract

The invention provides a method and apparatus for end-users to allocate a communication medium locally without requiring a central arbitration device while guaranteeing access to the end-users. The end-users bid for control of an upstream data channel by concurrently transmitting auction data and address data on a first upstream signaling channel and a second upstream signaling channel. An end-user gains control of the upstream data channel when data received from the first and second downstream signaling channels match the auction and address bits. When it is determined that the end-user lost the bid, the end-user backs off from the first and second upstream signaling channels and refrains from bidding until the first and second upstream signaling channels become quiet.

Claims

1. A method for allocating a communication medium among a plurality of end-users, comprising:

bidding concurrently on both a first signaling channel and a second signaling channel without the use of a central arbitration device to select one of the end-users to transmit data through the communication medium; and

transmitting selected end-user data on the communication medium, the selected end-user data capable of being transmitted concurrently while the bidding process occurs,

wherein the bidding step further comprises;

generating auction data in bidding end-users;

outputting the auction data to the first signaling channel and bidding end-user addresses to the second signaling channel for a bid to gain access to the communication medium;

receiving in each of the bidding end-users return data from a return channel; and

comparing the return data with bidding data in each of the bidding end-users to determine a successful bidding end-user.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the auction data is one of a priority data and a random data.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the return channel includes a first downstream signaling channel and a second downstream signaling channel, and the comparing step comprises:

comparing a return data received from the first downstream signaling channel with one of the auction data generated in each of the bidding end-users;

comparing a return address received from the second downstream signaling channel with one of the bidding end-user addresses of each of the bidding end-users; and

selecting one of the bidding end-users as a selected bidding end-user to transmit data on the communication medium if the return data value and the return address matches an auction data and an address of the selected bidding end-user.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein a bidding end-user loses the bid if an auction data transmitted by the bidding end-user does not match the return data.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein a bidding end-user continues bidding for access to the communication medium if an auction data transmitted by the bidding end-user matches the return data but an address of the bidding end-user does not match the return address.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the return channel includes data that indicates success or failure, and the comparing step comprises:

comparing the data received from the return channel with predetermined data of a bidding end-user to determine whether bidding of the bidding end-user was successful; and

selecting the bidding end-user to transmit data on the communication medium if the bidding of the bidding end-user was successful.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission on the communication medium and bidding on the first and second signaling channels have corresponding cycles, a selected end-user of a prior cycle transmitting end-user data on the communication medium while bidding end-users bid on the first and second signaling channels to be selected as a next selected end-user, a bidding end-user backing off from the communication medium if the bidding end-user is not selected.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein an end-user that is transmitting on the communication medium transmits a completion signal to indicate that the communication medium will be available for a next selected end-user to transmit data.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the completion signal is a signal transmitted in a gap between cycles of at least one of the communication medium, the first signaling channel and the second signaling channel, or is a predetermined reserved pattern transmitted on at least one of the first and the second signaling channels.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first signaling channel has a first cycle and the second signaling channel has a second cycle, the second cycle being an integer multiple of the first cycle.

11. A system for allocating a communication medium, comprising:

a first signaling channel;

a second signaling channel; and

a plurality of end-users coupled to the first and the second signaling channels, the end-users bidding on both the first and the second signaling channels concurrently without the use of a central arbitration device to select one of the end-users to transmit data through the communication medium, a selected bidding end-user of the end-users transmitting data on the communication medium, and the selected end-user data capable of being transmitted concurrently while the bidding process occurs,

wherein the end-users bid for the communication medium by generating auction data, outputting the auction data to the first signaling channel and bidding end-user addresses to the second signaling channel. receiving in each of the bidding end-users return data from a return channel, and comparing the return data with bidding data in each of the bidding end-users to determine a successful bidding end-user.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein each of the auction data is one of a priority data and a random data.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein the return channel includes a first downstream signaling channel and a second downstream signaling channel, and the end-users compare a return data received from the first downstream signaling channel with one of the auction data generated in each of the bidding end-users, compare a return address received from the second downstream channel with one of the bidding end-user addresses of each of the bidding end-users, and select one of the bidding end-users as the selected bidding end-user to transmit data on the communication medium if the return data and the return address matches an auction data and an address of the selected bidding end-user.

14. The system of claim 11, wherein the return channel includes data that indicates success or failure, and each of the bidding end-users compares the data received from the return channel with predetermined data to determine which of the bidding end-users were successful in bidding for the communication medium, one bidding end-user being successful and selected to transmit data on the communication medium.

15. The system of claim 11, wherein transmission on the communication medium and bidding on the first and second signaling channels have corresponding cycles, a selected end-user of a prior cycle transmitting end-user data on the communication medium while bidding end-users bid on the first and the second signaling channels to be selected as a next selected end-user, a bidding end-user backing off from the communication medium if the bidding end-user is not selected.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein an end-user that is transmitting on the communication medium transmits a completion signal to indicate that the communication medium will be available for a next selected end-user to transmit data.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the completion signal is a signal transmitted in a gap between cycles in one of a data channel, the first signaling channel and the second signaling channel, or is a predetermined reserved pattern transmitted on at least one of the first and the second signaling channels.

18. The system of claim 11, wherein the first signaling channel has a first cycle and the second signaling channel has a second cycle, the second cycle being an integer multiple of the first cycle.