High linearity multicarrier RF amplifier

• US 6,504,428 B2
• Filed: 05/16/2001
• Issued: 01/07/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Spectrian Corp. (REMEC, Inc.)
• Inventors: Foley, Stephen J., Cova, Armando C., Crescenzi, Jr., Emil J., Chang, Augustin P.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, PATRICIA T
• Application Number:
  US09/859,720
• Publication Number:
  US 20020008577A1
• Time in Patent Office: 601 Days
• Field of Search: 330/52, 330/149, 330/151
• US Class Current: 330/52
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3235 using a pilot signal

Abstract

A hybrid multicarrier RF power amplifier linearization architecture combines ACT and feed-forward amplifier stages to achieve high output distortion rejection and enhanced amplifier linearity. A carrier cancellation loop is coupled with a main RF power amplifier stage having parallel RF power amplifiers coupled via intermod-complementing predistortion paths. The carrier cancellation loop is coupled to a feed-forward loop containing a feed-forward RF power amplifier, to produce a composite amplified output signal having very reduced intermodulation products. Vector modulators in the main amplifier and feed-forward amplifier stages are controlled by a digital signal processor, using outputs from various monitoring subsystems, including pilot tone detection, correlator, distortion and power detector circuits.

Claims

1. A RF power amplifier arrangement comprising:

an RF input port to which an RF input signal is applied;

an RF output port from which an RF output signal is derived;

an RF carrier cancellation loop coupled between said RF input port and said RF output port and including an RF amplifier stage that is operative to provide a first amplified RF output, said RF amplifying stage including first and second RF signal processing paths containing first and second matched RF power amplifiers coupled in circuit with one another in such a manner that said second matched amplifier is pre-distorted by the output of said first matched amplifier which is driven by essentially the same RF signals driving said second matched amplifier, said first and second RF signal processing paths being differentially combined to produce a composite RF output in which RF carrier components constructively combine and distortion introduced by said matched RF power amplifiers destructively combine;

a feed-forward amplifier loop coupled to said RF carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide a second amplified RF output containing distortion introduced by said RF amplifier stage but effectively excluding said RF input signal; and

an output signal combiner coupled to receive said first and second amplified RF outputs of said RF carrier cancellation loop and said feed-forward amplifier loop, respectively, and being operative to produce a composite RF output signal, in which distortion introduced by said RF amplifier stage is reduced.

2. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said RF amplifier stage includes a controlled predistortion unit.

3. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said RF input signal comprises a multicarrier RF signal.

4. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said RF carrier cancellation loop includes a first vector modulator, and further including a correlator coupled with said carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide an output associated with said RF input signal, and a processor, which is operative to process the output of said correlator and to control said first vector modulator in accordance therewith.

5. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 4, wherein said feed-forward amplifier loop includes a second vector modulator, and further including a pilot tone generator, which is operative to inject a pilot tone into said first amplified RF output of said RF amplifying stage, and a pilot tone receiver coupled to said first amplified RF output of said RF amplifying stage and to said second amplified RF output of said feed-forward amplifier loop, and being operative to detect pilot tone energy therein, and wherein said processor is coupled to said pilot tone receiver and is operative to control said second vector modulator, in accordance with said pilot tone energy detected by said pilot tone receiver.

6. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said feed-forward amplifier loop includes a first vector modulator, and further including a pilot tone generator, which is operative to inject a pilot tone into said first amplified RF output of said RF amplifying stage, and a pilot tone receiver coupled to said first amplified RF output of said RF amplifying stage and to said second amplified RF output of said feed-forward amplifier loop, and being operative to detect pilot tone energy therein, and a processor coupled to said pilot tone receiver and being operative to control said first vector modulator, in accordance with said pilot tone energy detected by said pilot tone receiver.

7. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 6, wherein said RF carrier cancellation loop includes a second vector modulator, and further including a power detector coupled with said carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide an output representative of power in residual distortion of said RF amplifier stage, and wherein said processor is operative to control said second vector modulator in accordance with the output of said power detector.

8. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said RF carrier cancellation loop includes a first vector modulator, and further including a power detector coupled with said carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide an output representative of power in residual distortion of said RF amplifier stage, and a processor, which is operative to control said first vector modulator in accordance with the output of said power detector.

9. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 8, wherein said feed-forward amplifier loop includes a second vector modulator, and further including a pilot tone generator, which is operative to inject a pilot tone into said first amplified RF output of said RF amplifying stage, and a pilot tone receiver coupled to said first amplified RF output of said RF amplifying stage and to said second amplified RF output of said feed-forward amplifier loop, and being operative to detect pilot tone energy therein, and wherein said processor is coupled to said pilot tone receiver and is operative to control said second vector modulator, in accordance with said pilot tone energy detected by said pilot tone receiver.

10. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said feed-forward amplifier loop includes a first vector modulator, and further including a distortion detector coupled to monitor distortion in said composite RF output signal, and a processor, which is operative to control said first vector modulator in accordance with distortion monitored by said distortion detector.

11. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 10, wherein said RF carrier cancellation loop includes a second vector modulator, and further including a correlator coupled with said carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide an output associated with said RF input signal, and wherein said processor is operative to process the output of said correlator and to control said second vector modulator in accordance therewith.

12. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 11, wherein said RF amplifier stage includes a controlled predistortion unit.

13. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 1, wherein

said first RF signal processing path includes a first controlled RF signal vector modulator, that is controllably operative to adjust one or more parameters of a first RF input signal component applied to said first matched RF power amplifier,

said second RF signal processing path includes a second controlled RF signal vector modulator, that is controllably operative to adjust one or more parameters of a second RF input signal component applied to said second matched RF power amplifier,

an intermodulation distortion (IMD) extraction circuit coupled to an output of said first matched RF power amplifier and being operative to generate said second RF input signal component as a combination of said RF input signal and an IMD component present in an amplified RF output signal from said first matched RF power amplifier, and

a signal combiner coupled to outputs of said first and second matched RF power amplifiers and being operative to produce said first amplified output as a composite RF signal, in which RF carrier components produced by each of said first and second matched RF power amplifiers constructively sum and IMD components produced thereby destructively combine.

14. The RF power amplifier arrangement according to claim 13, wherein said IMD extraction circuit includes a cancellation combiner that is operative to differentially combine an amplified RF output produced by said first matched RF power amplifier with a portion of said RF input signal applied to said second signal processing path to derive said IMD component, and to combine said IMD component with said portion of the RF input signal applied to said second signal processing path, so as to derive said second RF input signal component as a combination of said RF input signal and said IMD component that is phase complementary to said RF input signal.

15. A multicarrier RF power amplifier comprising:

an RF input port adapted to receive a multicarrier RF input signal;

an RF output port from which an amplified multicarrier RF output signal is derived;

an RF amplifier stage coupled in circuit with a first vector modulator to said RF input port and being operative to provide a first amplified multicarrier RF output, said RF amplifying stage including first and second RF signal processing paths containing first and second matched RF power amplifiers that are coupled in circuit with one another in such a manner that said second matched amplifier is pre-distorted by the output of said first matched amplifier which is driven by essentially the same RF signals driving said second matched amplifier, said first and second RF signal processing paths being differentially combined to produce a composite amplified multicarrier RF output in which RF carrier components of said multicarrier RF input signal constructively combine and distortion introduced by said first and second matched RF power amplifiers destructively combine;

an RF carrier cancellation loop coupled to said RF input port and to said RF amplifier stage and being operative to extract distortion energy imparted to said first amplified multicarrier RF output by said RF amplifier stage;

a feed-forward amplifier loop coupled to said RF carrier cancellation loop and including a feed-forward RF amplifier stage coupled in circuit with a second vector modulator, and being operative to provide a second amplified RF output containing distortion introduced by said RF amplifier stage but effectively excluding said multicarrier RF input signal; and

an output signal combiner coupled to receive outputs of said RF carrier cancellation loop and said feed-forward amplifier loop, and being operative to produce a composite multicarrier RF output signal, in which distortion introduced by said RF amplifier stage is effectively reduced.

16. The multicarrier RF power amplifier according to claim 15, wherein said RF amplifier stage includes a controlled predistortion unit.

17. The multicarrier RF power amplifier according to claim 15, further including a correlator coupled with said carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide an output associated with said multicarrier RF input signal, and a processor, which is operative to process the output of said correlator and to control said first vector modulator in accordance therewith.

18. The multicarrier RF power amplifier according to claim 17, further including a pilot tone generator, which is operative to inject a pilot tone into said first amplified multicarrier RF output of said RF amplifying stage, and a pilot tone receiver coupled to said first amplified multicarrier RF output of said RF amplifying stage and to said second amplified RF output of said feed-forward RF amplifier stage, and being operative to detect pilot tone energy therein, and wherein said processor is coupled to said pilot tone receiver and is operative to control said second vector modulator, in accordance with said pilot tone energy detected by said pilot tone receiver.

19. The multicarrier RF power amplifier according to claim 17, further including a distortion detector coupled to monitor distortion in said composite RF output signal, and wherein said processor is operative to control said first vector modulator in accordance with distortion monitored by said distortion detector.

20. The multicarrier RF power amplifier according to claim 15, further including a power detector coupled with said carrier cancellation loop and being operative to provide an output representative of power in residual distortion of said RF amplifier stage, and a processor operative to control said second vector modulator in accordance with the output of said power detector.