Method and system for biometric recognition based on electric and/or magnetic properties
First Claim
1. A method for biometric recognition of an individual living organism using one or more biometric patterns, comprising the steps ofmeasuring unique, internal electric and/or magnetic properties of a plurality of different segments of a body part of the organism, calculating a ratio of said measurements to provide a reference biometric pattern, measuring unique, internal electric and/or magnetic properties of a plurality of different segments of a later presented body part of an organism, calculating a ratio of said presented body part measurements to provide a present biometric pattern, and comparing the present biometric pattern with the reference biometric pattern to determine if the patterns are substantially similar and;
- recognizing the organism when the patterns are substantially similar.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for biometric recognition of an individual living organism uses electric and/or magnetic or acoustic energy. A biometric recognition system measures at least one bio-electrical and/or biomagnetic property to recognize of an individual living organism'"'"'s identity. In one embodiment, an individual'"'"'s hand is tested to provide a ratio of internal electric and/or magnetic properties of the fingers. This provides a biometric signature that is placed in memory for later comparison with a measured ratio of a presented hand to validate the individual'"'"'s identity. The method and apparatus can be used to enable operation of a computer, or provide secure communication between an individual at a first location and a second location.
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Citations
26 Claims
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1. A method for biometric recognition of an individual living organism using one or more biometric patterns, comprising the steps of
measuring unique, internal electric and/or magnetic properties of a plurality of different segments of a body part of the organism, calculating a ratio of said measurements to provide a reference biometric pattern, measuring unique, internal electric and/or magnetic properties of a plurality of different segments of a later presented body part of an organism, calculating a ratio of said presented body part measurements to provide a present biometric pattern, and comparing the present biometric pattern with the reference biometric pattern to determine if the patterns are substantially similar and; -
recognizing the organism when the patterns are substantially similar. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
transmitting electric and/or magnetic energy into each of said plurality of different segments of a body part of the organism, and detecting the acoustic energy generated by each transmission of electromagnetic energy into each of said segments. -
3. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of biometric patterns for the organism are used, each pattern comprising a ratio of measurements made using a different frequency and/or different waveform.
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4. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference and present biometric patterns of said segments of the body part are provided by the steps comprising
a) applying input electric and/or magnetic energy to a first segment of the body part, b) measuring output electric and/or magnetic energy resulting from interaction of the input electric and/or magnetic energy with, at least one material component of the first body part segment, c) performing steps a) and b) on at least a second segment of the body part, the second segment being sufficiently different from the first segment to provide a second output signal different from the first, and d) determining the ratio of the output energy measurements to provide said biometric patterns. -
5. The method of claim 4, wherein step a) of applying energy applies electromagnetic radiation into the organism;
- and step b) of measuring energy measures the electric and/or magnetic energy resulting from the interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with the organism.
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6. The method of claim 4, wherein the electric and/or magnetic energy applied is selected from the group consisting of an electrical field, magnetic field and electromagnetic field.
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7. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric and/or magnetic energy is applied to the body part segment by a method selected from the group consisting of contacting the body part segment and non-contacting the body part segment.
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8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing said biometric patterns comprises the steps:
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a) contacting at least a first and second area of a presented body part segment with at least two electrodes, the first and second area being separated a distance sufficient to enable measuring at least one internal biometric characteristic in the body segment between the electrodes;
b) applying an input electrical energy to the electrodes, the input electrical energy having at least one frequency sufficient to penetrate the presented body part segment;
c) measuring output electrical energy in the segment, the output energy representing input energy altered by interaction with the body part segment;
d) converting measured output electrical energy to a working signal;
e) saving the working signal in a microprocessor;
f) performing steps a)-e) on at least a second segment of the presented body part that is sufficiently different from the first segment to provide a second output signal different from the first to provide a different second working signal; and
g) calculating a ratio of said plurality of working signals to provide said patterns.
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9. The method of claim 1, wherein
the measuring step includes measuring unique, internal electric and/or magnetic properties of a plurality of different segments of a body part of a plurality of different organism, the calculating step includes calculating a ratio of said measurements to provide a reference biometric pattern for each organism, the storing step includes storing the reference patterns of the plurality of organisms in a data bank, and the comparing step includes comparing the present biometric pattern with the plurality of reference biometric patterns to determine substantial similarity to any of the reference biometric patterns. -
10. The method of claim 1, including the further step of authorizing an action by the organism upon recognition.
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11. The method of claim 10 wherein the action is access to a computer.
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12. The method for claim 10, wherein the action is secure communication between an individual living organism at a first location and a second location.
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13. A non-invasive method for biometric recognition of a testing individual using one or more biometric patterns pattern comprising a ratio of a plurality of measured internal bioimpedances of a presented body part that is unique to the individual, the method comprising the steps:
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a) providing a reference pattern for the body part of the testing individual, the reference pattern determined by the following steps;
i) contacting at least two electrodes to first and second areas of a first body part segment, the first and second areas being separated a distance sufficient to enable the measuring at least one bioelectrical characteristic in the first body part segment between the electrodes;
ii) applying a low amperage current to the electrodes, the low amperage current having at least one frequency sufficient to penetrate the first body part segment;
iii) detecting a first voltage differential value between the at least two electrodes;
iv) converting the detected first voltage differential to a working signal measurement;
v) saving the working signal measurement in a microprocessor;
vi) performing steps i)-v) on at different second segment of the presented body part, the second segment being positioned a sufficient distance from the first segment of step i) to provide a different second working signal;
vii) generating the reference pattern by calculating a ratio of the plurality of working signals;
b) storing the reference pattern in at least one memory storage system;
c) performing step a) on the same type body part presented by the testing individual to generate a present biometric pattern for the same type body part of the testing individual that was used to generate the reference pattern;
d) comparing the present biometric pattern with the reference biometric pattern; and
e) recognizing the testing individual if the biometric and reference patterns are substantially similar within an acceptable error range. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16)
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17. Apparatus for the biometric recognition of an individual living organism by comparing biometric patterns, comprising:
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means for generating a biometric pattern for the organism including means for measuring unique, internal electric and/or magnetic properties of a plurality of different segments of a body part of the organism, and means for calculating a ratio of said measurements to provide a biometric pattern of the body part, means for storing a generated biometric pattern for the organism as a reference pattern, and means for comparing a later generated biometric pattern with said reference pattern to determine substantial similarity for purposes of recognition. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
means for transmitting electric and/or magnetic energy into the organism to interact with the organism and generate acoustic energy; - and
means for detecting the acoustic energy generated in the organism by the electric and/or magnetic energy after it has interacted with the organism.
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20. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the generating means comprise
means applying input electric and/or magnetic energy to said plurality of different segments of the presented body part, and means measuring output electric and/or magnetic energy resulting from interaction of the input electric and/or magnetic energy with each different body part segment and generating output signals to the calculating means. -
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the applying means include a frequency generator and an electric field and/or magnetic field transmitter connected to the frequency generator, and the measuring means include an electric field and/or magnetic field receiver disposed adjacent to the electric field and/or magnetic field transmitter and defining a test zone with the electric field and/or magnetic field transmitter in which body part segment is placed for sensing the electric and/or magnetic properties of the individual organism, and a detector connected to the electric field and/or magnetic field receiver and the microprocessor.
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22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the measuring means measures one of phase, amplitude, frequency or waveform of the electric field and/or magnetic field that extends through said test zone.
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23. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the applying means include means for applying a plurality of predetermined different frequencies and/or different waveforms to generate a plurality of different patterns for the same body part for storage as reference patterns, and the comparing means include means for comparing a plurality of different patterns, resulting from application of the same predetermined different frequencies and/or different waveforms to a later presented body part of the organism, with said reference patterns to determine substantial similarity for purposes of recognition.
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24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the applying and comparing means process a sufficient number of different patterns for the same body part to determine substantial similarity with an accuracy of greater than one in one billion.
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25. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the measuring means include a mechanism for forming matrices corresponding to the properties of the organism having at least four-dimensions to establish the biometric pattern.
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26. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the applying means include a mechanism for applying electromagnetic radiation into the segments.
Specification