Switching circuit and multi-voltage level power supply unit employing the same

• US 6,522,034 B1
• Filed: 09/01/2000
• Issued: 02/18/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Yazaki Corporation
• Original Assignee: Yazaki Corporation
• Inventors: Nakayama, Masashi
• Primary Examiner(s): Sircus, Brian
• Assistant Examiner(s): POLK, SHARON A
• Application Number:
  US09/654,568
• Time in Patent Office: 900 Days
• Field of Search: 307/10.1, 307/11, 307/18, 307/31, 307/130, 318/293
• US Class Current: 307/130
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/00 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/082 Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 6/34 Modelling or simulation for control purposes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A multi-voltage level power supply unit has a constant voltage source for providing a first voltage, a switching circuit connected to the constant voltage source and a DC/DC converter for reducing the first voltage so as to provide the second voltage. The first voltage may be 42-volts and the second voltage may be 14-volts, for example. The switching circuit is connected to the constant voltage source. And the switching circuit has a first relay designed to operate at the second voltage lower than the first voltage, a first semiconductor device and a control unit (CPU). Namely, the first semiconductor device has a first control electrode (base electrode), a first main electrode (emitter electrode) for receiving the first voltage, a second main electrode (collector electrode) connected to the first relay. And the CPU is connected to the first control electrode. The CPU provides a first control signal to the first control electrode so as to increase an interelectrode voltage between the first and second main electrodes, only during transition periods between open to closed states and closed to open states. Further the CPU provides second control signal to the first control electrode so as to decrease the interelectrode voltage during steady state periods of the first relay. The constant voltage source is constructed of an alternator and an AC/DC converter connected to the alternator.

Claims

1. A switching circuit for use in a multi-voltage level power supply unit for supplying a first voltage and a second voltage lower than the first voltage, the switching circuit comprising:

a first relay designed to operate at the second voltage during transition periods between open to closed states and closed to open states, configured to control a load current;

a first semiconductor device having a first control electrode, a first main electrode for receiving the first voltage, a second main electrode connected to the first relay, configured to conduct the load current from the first main electrode to the second main electrode so as to supply the load current to the first relay so that the load current can be controlled by the first relay; and

a control unit connected to the first control electrode for, during the transition periods of the first relay, providing a first control signal to the first control electrode so as to generate a first on-state interelectrode voltage between the first and second main electrodes, the first on-state interelectrode voltage corresponding to a difference between the first and second voltages, and providing a second control signal to the first control electrode so as to generate a second on-state interelectrode voltage lower than the first on-state interelectrode voltage during steady state periods of the first relay.

2. The switching circuit of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor device is a bipolar transistor.

3. The switching circuit of claim 2, wherein said first control signal turns into the bipolar transistor in an active region during the transition periods.

4. The switching circuit of claim 2, wherein said second control signal turns into the bipolar transistor in a saturation region during the steady state periods.

5. The switching circuit of claim 1, wherein said first semiconductor device is a field effect transistor.

6. The switching circuit of claim 5, wherein said first control signal turns into the field effect transistor in a saturation regime during the transition periods.

7. The switching circuit of claim 6, wherein said second control signal turns into the field effect transistor in an ohmic regime during the steady state periods.

8. The switching circuit of claim 1, further comprises a motor connected to said first relay, the motor having first and second terminal.

9. The switching circuit of claim 8, wherein said first relay having:

a first common terminal connected to the first terminal of said motor;

a first contactor connected to the first common terminal at one end;

a first contact terminal connected to the ground;

a second contact terminal connected to the first semiconductor device; and

a first electromagnetic coil neighboring to the first contactor so as to swing another end of the first contactor to select one of the first and second contact terminals.

10. The switching circuit of claim 9, further comprises a second semiconductor device having:

a second control electrode connected to said control unit;

a third main electrode connected to said first electromagnetic coil; and

a fourth main electrode connected to ground.

11. The switching circuit of claim 10, further comprises:

a second relay having;

a second common terminal connected to the second terminal of said motor;

a second contactor connected to the second common terminal at one end;

a third contact terminal connected to the ground;

a fourth contact terminal connected to the first semiconductor device; and

a second electromagnetic coil neighboring to the second contactor so as to swing another end of the second contactor to select one of the third and fourth contact terminals; and

a third semiconductor device having;

a third control electrode connected to said control unit;

a fifth main electrode connected to said second electromagnetic coil; and

a sixth main electrode connected to ground.

12. A multi-voltage level power supply unit comprising:

a constant voltage source for providing a first voltage;

a switching circuit connected to the constant voltage source, the switching circuit comprising;

a first relay designed to operate at a second voltage lower than the first voltage during transition periods between open to closed states and closed to open states, configured to control a load current;

a first semiconductor device having a first control electrode, a first main electrode for receiving the first voltage, a second main electrode connected to the first relay, configured to conduct the load current from the first main electrode to the second main electrode so as to supply the load current to the first relay so that the load current can be controlled by the first relay; and

a control unit connected to the first control electrode for, during the transition periods of the first relay, providing a first control signal to the first control electrode so as to generate a first on-state interelectrode voltage between the first and second main electrodes, the first on-state interelectrode voltage corresponding to a difference between the first and second voltages, and providing a second control signal to the first control electrode so as to generate a second on-state interelectrode voltage lower than the first on-state interelectrode voltage during steady state periods of the first relay; and

a DC/DC converter configured to convert the first voltage to the second voltage.

13. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 12, wherein said first semiconductor device is a bipolar transistor.

14. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 13, wherein said first control signal turns into the bipolar transistor in an active region during the transition periods.

15. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 13, wherein said second control signal turns into the bipolar transistor in a saturation region during the steady state periods.

16. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 13, wherein said constant voltage source comprises:

an alternator; and

an AC/DC converter connected to the alternator.

17. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 12, further comprises a motor connected to said first relay, the motor having first and second terminal.

18. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 17, wherein said first relay having:

a first common terminal connected to the first terminal of said motor;

a first contactor connected to the first common terminal at one end;

a first contact terminal connected to the ground;

a second contact terminal connected to the first semiconductor device; and

a first electromagnetic coil neighboring to the first contactor so as to swing another end of the first contactor to select one of the first and second contact terminals.

19. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 18, further comprises a second semiconductor device having:

a second control electrode connected to said control unit;

a third main electrode connected to said first electromagnetic coil; and

a fourth main electrode connected to ground.

20. The multi-voltage level power supply unit of claim 19, further comprises:

a second relay having;

a second common terminal connected to the second terminal of said motor;

a second contactor connected to the second common terminal at one end;

a third contact terminal connected to the ground;

a fourth contact terminal connected to the first semiconductor device; and

a second electromagnetic coil neighboring to the second contactor so as to swing another end of the second contactor to select one of the third and fourth contact terminals; and

a third semiconductor device having;

a third control electrode connected to said control unit;

a fifth main electrode connected to said second electromagnetic coil; and

a sixth main electrode connected to ground.