Method and apparatus for managing transactions with connected computers

• US 6,526,443 B1
• Filed: 05/12/1999
• Issued: 02/25/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/12/1999
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia LLC (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Sandia Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Goldsmith, Steven Y., Spires, Shannon V., Phillips, Laurence R.
• Primary Examiner(s): VU, VIET DUY
• Application Number:
  US09/310,635
• Time in Patent Office: 1,385 Days
• Field of Search: 709/1, 709/100, 709/101, 709/203, 709/217, 709/218, 709/219, 709/223, 709/224, 709/313
• US Class Current: 709/224
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/047 Optimisation of routes or paths, e.g. travelling salesman problem
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/08 Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus that make use of existing computer and communication resources and that reduce the errors and delays common to complex transactions such as international shipping. The present invention comprises an agent-based collaborative work environment that assists geographically distributed commercial and government users in the management of complex transactions such as the transshipment of goods across the U.S.-Mexico border. Software agents can mediate the creation, validation and secure sharing of shipment information and regulatory documentation over the Internet, using the World-Wide Web to interface with human users.

Claims

1. An apparatus for managing transactions, wherein each transaction comprises information related thereto and changes in at least one of the location, status, and integrity of a physical component;

comprising;

a) a plurality of computers;

b) a network connecting the computers;

c) a system of cooperating software agents controlling the operation of the plurality of computers, comprising;

i) input software adapted to elicit correct and consistent information from humans;

ii) negotiation software adapted to communicate transaction information with other agent software; and

iii) ontological software adapted to ontologically level disparate information related to a transaction;

d) a security mechanism adapted to allow communication among the agents across the network, discourage interception of said communication by unauthorized agents, and reliably identify the originator of said communication;

e) an object distribution mechanism adapted to distribute the cooperating agents such that the services of one agent can be invoked by another agent; and

f) a physical sensor system, located in close proximity to the physical component, adapted to track information related thereto and changes in at least one of the location, status, and integrity of a physical component and communicate the tracked information to an agent.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the network comprises the internet.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ontological software comprises software adapted to translate between two human languages.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the object distribution mechanism comprises at least one of:

copying, proxying, and replication with automatic updating of replicant instances.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical component comprises goods to be shipped from an origin to a destination.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical component comprises goods to be shipped from an origin in a first nation to a destination in a second nation distinct from the first nation.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical sensor system comprises a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit for monitoring the location of the physical component.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical sensor system comprises a plurality of sensors adapted to communicate near-real-time event data and periodic state-of-health data to a Processing Unit adapted to transmit said data via a satellite communication link to a monitoring and tracking ground station.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein each sensor comprises a RF wireless transmitter for communicating sensor data to a RF receiver operatively associated with the Processing Unit.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein each sensor is battery-powered.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical sensor system comprises an environmental sensor selected from the group consisting of a smoke detector, a temperature detector, a humidity detector, a flame detector, a radiation detector, and a chemical detector.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical sensor system comprises an intrusion detection sensor selected from the group consisting of a microwave detector, an infrared detector, a balanced magnetic switch, and a wire grid detector.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical sensor system comprises an containment sensor selected from the group consisting of a motion sensor, an active fiberoptic seal, a load cell, and a load link.

15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the Processing Unit comprises means for time-tagging and immediately transmitting special event data via the satellite communication link to the monitoring and tracking ground station;

wherein the special event is selected from the group consisting of the activation of a sensor;

the tampering of a sensor;

a missing state-of-health message, and a message that is not properly authenticated.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the physical sensor system comprises means for authenticating and encrypting sensor data generated by the physical sensor system.

7. A method for using a plurality of connected computers to manage a transaction, wherein each transaction comprises information related thereto and changes in at least one of the location, status, and integrity of a physical component, comprising:

a) providing a system of cooperating software agents that control the operation of the plurality of connected computers, each agent adhering to coordination protocols that allow agents to invoke services of other agents and to communicate information with other agents, the system comprising;

i) input software adapted to elicit correct and consistent information from humans;

ii) negotiation software adapted to communicate transaction information with other agent software;

iii) ontological software adapted to ontologically level disparate information related to a transaction;

b) providing a security mechanism adapted to allow communication among the agents across the network, discourage interception of said communication by unauthorized agents, and reliably identify the originator of said communication;

c) providing an object distribution mechanism adapted to distribute the cooperating agents such that the services of one agent can be invoked by another agent;

d) eliciting information initiating a transaction from a user;

e) providing a physical sensor system, located in close proximity to the physical component, adapted to track information related thereto and changes in at least one of the location, status, and integrity of the physical component and communicate the tracked information to an agent;

f) tracking information related thereto and changes in at least one of the location, status, and integrity of the physical component with the physical sensor system;

g) communicating the tracked information to a software agent; and

h) using the elicited information and tracked information to manage the system of cooperating software agents to elicit additional information related to completion of the transaction.

17. The method of claim 7, further comprising monitoring the location of the physical component with a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit located close by the physical component.

18. The method of claim 7, wherein the physical sensor system comprises a plurality of sensors;

and wherein the method further comprises communicating near-real-time event data and periodic state-of-health data from the plurality of sensors to a Processing Unit adapted to transmit said data via a satellite communication link to a monitoring and tracking ground station.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the method further comprises transmitting sensor data via a RF signal to a RF receiver operatively associated with the Processing Unit.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein each sensor comprises a battery-powered, wireless RF transmitter.

21. The method of claim 7, wherein the physical sensor system comprises an environmental sensor selected from the group consisting of a smoke detector, a temperature detector, a humidity detector, a flame detector, a radiation detector, and a chemical detector.

22. The method of claim 7, wherein the physical sensor system comprises an intrusion detection sensor selected from the group consisting of a microwave detector, an infrared detector, a balanced magnetic switch, and a wire grid detector.

23. The method of claim 7, wherein the physical sensor system comprises an containment sensor selected from the group consisting of a motion sensor, an active fiberoptic seal, a load cell, and a load link.

24. The method of claim 18, further comprising time-tagging and immediately transmitting special event data via the satellite communication link to the monitoring and tracking ground station;

wherein the special event is selected from the group consisting of the activation of a sensor;

the tampering of a sensor;

a missing state-of-health message, and a message that is not properly authenticated.

25. The method of claim 7, further comprising authenticating and encrypting sensor data generated by the physical sensor system.