Electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery

• US 6,534,218 B1
• Filed: 08/10/1998
• Issued: 03/18/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/09/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GS Yuasa International Ltd. (GS Yuasa Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Japan Storage Battery Company Limited (GS Yuasa Corporation)
• Inventors: Okada, Mikio, Yasuda, Hideo
• Primary Examiner(s): Chaney, Carol
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dove, Tracy
• Application Number:
  US09/117,965
• Time in Patent Office: 1,681 Days
• Field of Search: 429/212, 429/232, 429/246, 429/217
• US Class Current: 429/232
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/05 Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte H01M10/39 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0587 of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/133 Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/1393 of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/36 Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/366 as layered products
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/587 for inserting or intercalating light metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/62 Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The following aspects (1) to (4) of the present invention can provide an electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery having excellent safety and charged storage properties and good high rate charge-discharge properties. (1) An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising a particulate active material having a porous film formed thereon. (2) An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising an active material having a filler held in pores. (3) An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising an active material which undergoes volumetric expansion and shrinkage during charge-discharge, having a filler held in pores. (4) The electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to embodiment (1), wherein said porous film is an ionically-conductive film.

Claims

1. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising a particulate active material, wherein particles of the active material have a porous film formed thereon and lithium ions move through the pores in the film and through the film formed on the particles of the active material.

4. The electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein said active material is a carbon-based material.

5. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 4, comprising a low crystallinity carbon as a negative active material.

6. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein said film to be formed on said particulate active material is a polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer comprising as main components monomers constituting these compounds.

11. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein said film to be formed on said particulate active material is a polyvinylidene fluoride.

12. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein said film to be formed on said particulate active material is a polyvinyl chloride.

13. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein said film to be formed on said particulate active material is a polyacrylonitrile.

14. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein said film to be formed on said particulate active material is a copolymer comprising as main components monomers constituting polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, and polyacrylonitrile.

2. A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising a carbon-based negative active material having a filler held in pores, wherein the pores exist in an active material grain and the active material grain has an outer surface which is not coated by the filler, such that electrolyte can come into contact with the active material grain at the outer surface.

7. A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 2, comprising a low crystallinity carbon as a negative active material.

8. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 2, wherein said material to fill the pores in the active material is a polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer comprising as main components monomers constituting these compounds.

15. A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 2, wherein the active material grain has an outer surface which is not coated by the filler, such that electrolyte can come into contact with active material grain at the outer surface but not in the pores.

3. A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising a carbon-based negative active material which undergoes volumetric expansion and shrinkage during charge-discharge, having a filler held in pores, wherein the pores exist in an active material grain and the active material grain has an outer surface which is not coated by the filler, such that electrolyte can come into contact with the active material grain at the outer surface.

9. A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 3, comprising a low crystallinity carbon as a negative active material.

10. An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 3, wherein said material to fill the pores in the active material is a polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer comprising as main components monomers constituting these compounds.

16. A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 3, wherein the active material grain has an outer surface which is not coated by the filler, such that electrolyte can come into contact with the active material grain at the outer surface but not in the pores.