Sensing systems and methods for differentiating between different cellular blood species during extracorporeal blood separation or processing

• US 6,537,445 B2
• Filed: 08/16/2001
• Issued: 03/25/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fenwal Incorporated (Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA)
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Muller, Matthew R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Drodge, Joseph W.
• Application Number:
  US09/931,146
• Publication Number:
  US 20020014462A1
• Time in Patent Office: 586 Days
• Field of Search: 210/85, 210/94, 210/96.1, 210/143, 210/258, 210/645, 210/739, 210/745, 210/767, 210/787, 210/512.1, 210/789, 210/360.1, 604/4.01, 604/5.01, 604/6.11, 604/6.01, 604/6.04, 417/1, 417/14, 417/18, 356/39, 422/82.05, 250/227.11, 333/81.R, 494/1, 494/10
• US Class Current: 210/85
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/30 Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/302 having a reservoir for withdrawn untreated blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/303 having a reservoir for treated blood to be returned
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/308 Volume control, e.g. with open or flexible containers, by counting the number of pump revolutions, weighing
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362227 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362261 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362262 Details of incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362264 the filter being a blood filter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362265 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362266 Means for adding solutions or substances to the blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3693 using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3696 with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3393 by weighing the reservoir
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 17/0217 by centrifugal force
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/31 Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry G01N21/72 takes precedence

Abstract

A blood processing system comprises a blood separation chamber constructed and arranged for rotation about an axis separate blood into a plasma layer and an adjoining region comprising different first and second cellular blood species arranged in layers according to density. A collection line including a pump removes the plasma layer from the blood separation chamber. The pump operates to control flow through the collection line in response to pump control signals. A sensor assembly in the collection line detects concentration of first and second cellular blood species in the collection line. A controller coupled to the sensor assembly operates to generate the pump control signals according to a selected blood collection protocol. The controller operates, when a first blood collection protocol is selected, to generate a pump control signal when the sensor assembly detects changes in concentration of the first cellular blood species in the collection line. The controller also operates, when a second collection protocol is selected, to generate a pump control signal when the sensor assembly to detects changes in concentration of the second cellular blood species in the collection line.

Claims

1. A blood processing system comprising

a blood separation chamber constructed and arranged for rotation about an axis separate blood into a plasma layer and an adjoining region comprising different first and second cellular blood species arranged in layers according to density,

a collection line including a pump to remove the plasma layer from the blood separation chamber, the pump operating to control flow through the collection line in response to pump control signals,

a sensor assembly in the collection line to detect concentration of first and second cellular blood species in the collection line,

a controller coupled to the sensor assembly and operating to generate the pump control signals according to a selected blood collection protocol, the controller operating, when a first blood collection protocol is selected, to generate a pump control signal when the sensor assembly detects changes in concentration of the first cellular blood species in the collection line, the controller also operating, when a second collection protocol is selected, to generate a pump control signal when the sensor assembly to detect changes in concentration of the second cellular blood species in the collection line.

2. A system according to claim 1

wherein the pump control signal reduces or stops flow through the collection line.

3. A system according to claim 1

wherein the first cellular blood species comprises platelets.

4. A system according to claim 1

wherein the second cellular blood species comprises red blood cells.

5. A system according to claim 1

wherein the adjoining region includes a platelet-rich layer and red blood cell-rich layer, and

wherein, when a plasma collection protocol is selected, the controller generates a pump control signal when the sensor assembly detects changes in concentration of platelets.

6. A system according to claim 1

wherein the adjoining region includes a platelet-rich layer and red blood cell-rich layer, and

wherein, when a red blood cell collection protocol is selected, the controller generates a pump control signal when the sensor assembly detects changes in concentration of red blood cells.

7. A system according to claim 1

wherein the adjoining region includes a buffy coat comprising a platelet-rich layer adjoining the plasma layer, and red blood cell-rich layer adjoining the buffy coat layer,

wherein, when a buffy coat collection protocol is selected, the controller generates one or more pump control signals when the sensor assembly detects changes in concentration of platelets and changes in concentration of red blood cells.

8. A system according to claim 1

wherein the sensor assembly optically detects concentration of the first and second cellular blood species.

9. A system according to claim 1

wherein the controller includes an input for selecting different blood collection protocols.