Apparatus for performing operations on a workpiece at an inaccessible location

• US 6,542,230 B1
• Filed: 01/29/2001
• Issued: 04/01/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 07/28/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Keymed Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Keymed Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Inventors: Luke, Barry Edward
• Primary Examiner(s): STAFIRA, MICHAEL PATRICK
• Application Number:
  US09/744,753
• Time in Patent Office: 792 Days
• Field of Search: 356/241--24, 356/237.1, 356/3--
• US Class Current: 356/241.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/0051 with controlled bending of insertion part
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/24 with a catheter A61B18/26, A61B18/28 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/0096 Portable laser equipment, e.g. hand-held laser apparatus surgical laser instruments A61B18/20, Dental Lasers A61C1/0046, Hand-held laser dental apparatus for curing resins A61C19/004
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/032 using optical means
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/04 Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/0884 in at least in three axial directions, e.g. manipulators, robots
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 21/003 Arrangements for testing or measuring for measuring vibrations G01H
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2230/80 Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods

Abstract

An apparatus and method for performing an operation on a workpiece at an inaccessible location are described. The apparatus includes a tube with proximal and distal ends, the distal end being insertable in use into an inaccessible location. A head is flexibly coupled to the distal end of the tube and can be moved relative to the tube by control means. Laser energy can be transmitted through the tube and out of the head. The apparatus includes viewing means for gathering and displaying an image of the workpiece and tracking means operable to identify and record the position of one or more selected points of the workpiece. A processor is provided to actuate the control means so as to move the head to direct the laser energy to the selected point or points of a workpiece and to control the laser so as to perform the desired operation on the workpiece.

Claims

1. Apparatus for performing an operation on a workpiece at an inaccessible location, comprising a tube having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal end being insertable in use into an inaccessible location;

a head flexibly coupled to the distal end of the tube;

control means operable to adjust the position of the head with respect to the tube;

means to transmit laser energy through the tube to the head and out of the head;

viewing means for gathering and displaying an image of the workpiece;

tracking means operable to identify and record the position of one or more selected points on the workpiece;

a processor operable to actuate the control means to move the head so as to direct laser energy to the selected point or, sequentially, to each of the selected points on the workpiece and to control the laser transmission means so as to perform the desired operation.

2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tracking means comprising means to transmit a beam of visible light through the tube and out of the head, manual actuation means operable to move the head so as to direct the light beam to strike one or, sequentially, more than one desired point on the workpiece and wherein the processor is operable to record data representative of the position of the or each point.

3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the manual actuation means comprises a joystick.

4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the laser transmission means is adapted to selectively supply a lower power visible laser beam and a higher power laser beam for performing operations on the workpiece.

5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tracking means comprises means to record the position of one or more selected points on the displayed image of the workpiece and wherein the processor is operable to relate the position of the or each point to the position of the head so as to actuate the control means to move the head to direct laser energy to the point, or, sequentially, to each point.

6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viewing means comprises an optical scope integral with the tube.

7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viewing means comprises an optical scope removably located in the tube.

8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the viewing means further comprises one of a camera and an image-to-video conversion device, and a display.

9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the viewing means is adapted for viewing laterally of the distal end of the tube.

10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control means and flexible coupling are selectively operable to move the head relative to the tube in three dimensions.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flexible coupling comprises spring means extending between the distal end of the tube and the head.

12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flexible coupling comprises at least one cylinder mounted between the tube and the head for pivotal movement relative to the tube, a sleeve attached to the head and axially moveable relative to the cylinder and spring means urging the head axially away from the tube.

13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the control means comprises a plurality of pull elements secured to the head, and to the cylinder if present, and extending through the tube and means to retract and extend the pull elements.

14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein the pull elements comprise wires.

15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the proximal end of each wire is wound around a rotatable cylinder.

16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flexible coupling is encased in a flexible sleeve attached to the tube and to the head.

17. Apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the flexible sleeve is attached to the head and to the tube in a gas tight manner.

18. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the means to transmit laser energy comprises an optical fibre.

19. Apparatus as claimed in claim 18, wherein the optical fibre terminates in the head and the head further includes means to focus a laser beam emitted from the optical fibre.

20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19, wherein the focusing means comprises a train of lenses.

21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19 or claim 20, wherein the focusing means includes an aspheric lens.

22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19, wherein a protective screen is provided in the head, distally of the focusing means.

23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 18, wherein the optical fibre extends out of the head.

24. Apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the distal end of the optical fibre is shaped so as to emit a focussed laser beam from the optical fibre.

25. Apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the distal end of the optical fibre is shaped so as to emit a divergent laser beam from the optical fibre.

26. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a laser filter is provided to protect the viewing means from laser energy.

27. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viewing means includes a filter to pass infra-red radiation only for display.

28. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tube and head are adapted to allow gas flow therethrough.

29. Apparatus as claimed in claim 28, further comprising a gas supply for supplying pressurised gas or a mixture of gases to the tube and head.

30. Apparatus as claimed in claim 29, wherein the gas is, or the mixture of gases includes, an inert gas.

31. Apparatus as claimed in claim 29, wherein the gas is, or the mixture of gases includes, oxygen.

32. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising means to feed filler material through the tube and to dispense the filler material from the head.

33. A method of performing an operation on a workpiece at an inaccessible location comprising the steps of:

positioning the tube with its distal end in the vicinity of the workpiece;

gathering an image of the workpiece with the viewing means and displaying the image;

identifying and recording the position of one or more selected points on the workpiece; and

operating a processor to move the head and to supply laser energy through the tube so as to direct the laser energy to the point or, sequentially, to each point so as to perform a desired operation.

34. A method as claimed in claim 33, wherein the identifying and recording step comprises transmitting a beam of visible light through the tube and out of the head;

adjusting the position of the head with manual actuation means so as to direct the light beam to strike a selected point on the workpiece;

recording the position of the point and, optionally, repeating the process on one or more further points.

35. A method as claimed in claim 33, wherein the identifying and recording step comprises viewing an image of the workpiece on a display;

marking the position of a point on the workpiece on the display;

recording the position of the point and, optionally, repeating the process on one or more further points.