System and method for on-chip filter tuning
First Claim
1. A method for tuning an actual filter using a dummy filter in a receiver, comprising:
- stimulating the dummy filter with a frequency that is available in the receiver;
switching capacitors into the dummy filter to tune a center frequency of the dummy filter to the available frequency;
determining capacitor values for the actual filter to tune a response of the actual filter to a designed center frequency, the step of determining based on the capacitors switched into the dummy filter; and
adding the capacitance values to the actual filter to center the response of the actual filter about the designed center frequency.
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Abstract
An integrated receiver with channel selection and image rejection substantially implemented on a single CMOS integrated circuit is described. A receiver front end provides programable attenuation and a programable gain low noise amplifier. Frequency conversion circuitry advantageously uses LC filters integrated onto the substrate in conjunction with image reject mixers to provide sufficient image frequency rejection. Filter tuning and inductor Q compensation over temperature are performed on chip. The filters utilize multi track spiral inductors. The filters are tuned using local oscillators to tune a substitute filter, and frequency scaling during filter component values to those of the filter being tuned. In conjunction with filtering, frequency planning provides additional image rejection. The advantageous choice of local oscillator signal generation methods on chip is by PLL out of band local oscillation and by direct synthesis for in band local oscillator. The VCOs in the PLLs are centered using a control circuit to center the tuning capacitance range. A differential crystal oscillator is advantageously used as a frequency reference. Differential signal transmission is advantageously used throughout the receiver.
60 Citations
16 Claims
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1. A method for tuning an actual filter using a dummy filter in a receiver, comprising:
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stimulating the dummy filter with a frequency that is available in the receiver;
switching capacitors into the dummy filter to tune a center frequency of the dummy filter to the available frequency;
determining capacitor values for the actual filter to tune a response of the actual filter to a designed center frequency, the step of determining based on the capacitors switched into the dummy filter; and
adding the capacitance values to the actual filter to center the response of the actual filter about the designed center frequency. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
where; f1 is the center frequency of the dummy filter;
f2 is the center frequency of the actual filter; and
C1 is the total capacitance switched into the dummy filter.
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8. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of scaling includes the step of scaling the total capacitance switched into the dummy filter according to the following equation
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( L 1 L 2 ) · C 1 , where; f1 is the center frequency of the dummy filter;
f2 is the center frequency of the actual filter;
L1 is a total inductance in the dummy filter;
L2 is a total inductance in the actual filter; and
C1 is the total capacitance switched into the dummy filter.
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9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of switching includes the steps of:
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determining a phase difference between an input of the dummy filter and an output of the dummy filter; and
switching the capacitors into the dummy filter based on the determined phase difference.
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10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of switching includes the steps of:
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determining a phase difference between an input of the dummy filter and an output of the dummy filter; and
switching the capacitors into the dummy filter when the phase difference is greater than 0 degrees.
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11. The method of claim 1, wherein the stimulating step, the switching step, the determining step, and the adding step are performed on a common substrate.
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12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of switching includes the steps of:
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determining a phase difference between an input of the dummy filter and an output of the dummy filter;
starting a counter if the phase difference is greater than 0 degrees;
switching the capacitors into the dummy filter responsive to an output of the counter; and
stopping the counter when the phase difference crosses 0 degrees.
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13. The method of claim 12, wherein the adding step includes the step of switching in the capacitance values into the actual filter responsive to the output of the counter.
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14. In an integrated circuit having a dummy filter and an actual filter, the dummy filter having a first bank of capacitors and the actual filter having a second bank of capacitors, a method of tuning a center frequency of the actual filter using the dummy filter, the method comprising:
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stimulating the dummy filter with a local oscillator (LO) frequency;
tuning a center frequency of the dummy filter to the LO frequency, including the step of switching capacitors from the first bank of capacitors into the dummy filter until the center frequency of the dummy filter is aligned with the LO frequency; and
tuning the center frequency of the actual filter to a designed frequency including the steps of, scaling a total capacitance switched into the dummy filter based on a ratio of the designed frequency to the LO frequency, and switching capacitors from the second bank of capacitors into the actual filter based on the scaled total capacitance.
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15. In an integrated circuit having a dummy filter and an actual filter, the dummy filter having a first bank of capacitors and the actual filter having a second bank of capacitors, a method of tuning a center frequency of the actual filter using the dummy filter, the method comprising:
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stimulating the dummy filter with a local oscillator (LO) frequency;
tuning a center frequency of the dummy filter to the LO frequency, including the steps of, determining a phase difference between an input and an output of the dummy filter, operating a counter until the phase difference is approximately 0 degrees, and switching capacitors from the first bank of capacitors into the dummy filter responsive to the counter; and
tuning a center frequency of the actual filter to a designed frequency including the step of switching capacitors from the second bank of capacitors into the actual filter responsive to an output of the counter. - View Dependent Claims (16)
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Specification